John Rawls, a critic of utilitarianism, argues that utilitarianism, in common with other forms of consequentialism, relies on the perspective of such an ideal observer.

In 1971 John Rawls published A Theory of Justice, noteworthy in its pursuit of moral arguments and eschewing of meta-ethics.

* 1921 – John Rawls, American philosopher ( d. 2002 )

John Rawls was an American philosopher, a professor of political philosophy at Harvard University and author of A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ), Political Liberalism, Justice as Fairness: A Restatement, and The Law of Peoples.

* Rawls, John ( 1999 ).

According to most contemporary theories of justice, justice is overwhelmingly important: John Rawls claims that " Justice is the first virtue of social institutions, as truth is of systems of thought.

In his A Theory of Justice, John Rawls used a social contract argument to show that justice, and especially distributive justice, is a form of fairness: an impartial distribution of goods.

** The Contractarianism of John Rawls, which holds that the moral acts are those that we would all agree to if we were unbiased.

From the end of World War II until 1971, when John Rawls published A Theory of Justice, political philosophy declined in the Anglo-American academic world, as analytic philosophers expressed skepticism about the possibility that normative judgments had cognitive content, and political science turned toward statistical methods and behavioralism.

* John Rawls: Revitalized the study of normative political philosophy in Anglo-American universities with his 1971 book A Theory of Justice, which uses a version of social contract theory to answer fundamental questions about justice and to criticise utilitarianism.

* John Rawls

* Rawls, John ( 2000 ), Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy, Barbara Herman ( ed.

The objection that ‘ utilitarianism does not take seriously the distinction between persons ’ came to prominence in 1971 with the publication of John Rawls ’ A Theory of Justice.

* November 24 – John Rawls, American political theorist ( b. 1921 )

Robert Nozick and John Rawls expressed competing visions in Nozick's Anarchy, State, and Utopia and Rawls ' A Theory of Justice.

Social contract theories were eclipsed in the nineteenth century in favor of utilitarianism, Hegelianism, and Marxism, and were revived in the twentieth, notably in the form of a thought experiment by John Rawls.

John Rawls ( 1921 – 2002 ) proposed a contractarian approach that has a decidedly Kantian flavour, in A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ), whereby rational people in a hypothetical " original position ", setting aside their individual preferences and capacities under a " veil of ignorance ", would agree to certain general principles of justice and legal organization.

* Rawls, John.

Social justice as a secular concept, distinct from religious teachings, emerged mainly in the late twentieth century, influenced primarily by philosopher John Rawls.

Political philosopher John Rawls draws on the utilitarian insights of Bentham and Mill, the social contract ideas of John Locke, and the categorical imperative ideas of Kant.

* Rawls, John.

* Rawls, John.

For example, John Rawls asks us to imagine a group of persons in a situation where they know nothing about themselves, and are charged with devising a social or political organization ( See the veil of ignorance ).

* John Austin ( legal philosopher ) ( 1790 – 1859 ), English jurist

* John Arnold Austin ( 1905 – 1941 ), American sailor

* John M. Pierce ( 1886 – 1958 ) was one of the founders of the Springfield Telescope Makers.

Historian John Huddleston estimates the death toll at ten percent of all Northern males 20 – 45 years old, and 30 percent of all Southern white males aged 18 – 40.

He was the fourth child of Ondrej Varchola ( Americanized as Andrew Warhola, Sr., 1889 – 1942 ) and Júlia ( née Zavacká, 1892 – 1972 ), whose first child was born in their homeland and died before their move to the U. S. Andy had two older brothers, Paul, born about 1923, and John, born about 1925.

* 1385 – John, Master of the Order of Aviz, is made king John I of Portugal.

* 1808 – John Jacob Astor incorporates the American Fur Company, that would eventually make him America's first millionaire.

* 1849 – John William Waterhouse, British painter ( d. 1917 )

* 1871 – Prince Alexander John of Wales ( d. 1871 )

* 1947 – John Ratzenberger, American actor

* 1960 – John Pizzarelli, American jazz guitarist, songwriter, singer and bandleader

* 1792 – John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, English statesman ( d. 1840 )

* 1940 – John Hagee, American pastor and televangelist

* 1944 – John Kay, German-Canadian singer-songwriter and musician ( The Sparrows and Steppenwolf )

* 1865 – Abraham Lincoln dies after being shot the previous evening by actor John Wilkes Booth.

* 1971 – John Boyne, Irish novelist

* 1981 – John O ' Shea, Irish footballer

* 1665 – John Hervey, 1st Earl of Bristol, English politician ( d. 1751 )

* 1724 – John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-American pastor, planter, and statesman ( d. 1781 )

* 1904 – John Hay Whitney, American businessman, publisher, and diplomat, founded J. H.

* 1947 – John Morrison, New Zealand cricketer

* 1948 – John Mehler, American drummer ( Love Song )