Male & female circumcision: Among Jews, Christians and Muslims.

* Male circumcision and HIV: Some research has suggested that male circumcision can reduce the risk of HIV infection in some countries.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin, usually for religious, cosmetic, or medical reasons.

Male circumcision practised as a religious rite is found in texts of the Hebrew Bible, as part of the Abrahamic covenant, such as in, and is therefore practised by Jews and Muslims and some Christians, who constitute the Abrahamic religions.

Male circumcision has often been, and remains, the subject of controversy on a number of grounds — including religious, ethical, sexual, and health.

Male circumcision in East Africa is a rite of passage from childhood to adulthood, but is only practiced in some nations ( tribes ).

Male circumcision involves the excision of genital tissue from the human body, so the ethics of circumcision are sometimes controversial.

Weiss, Quigley and Hayes carried out a meta-analysis on circumcision and HIV in 2000 and found as follows: " Male circumcision is associated with a significantly reduced risk of HIV infection among men in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly those at high risk of HIV.

Their conclusion was " Male circumcision appears to be highly acceptable in Botswana.

The authors said, “ Male circumcision provides a degree of protection against acquiring HIV infection, equivalent to what a vaccine of high efficacy would have achieved.

Male circumcision may provide an important way of reducing the spread of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa .”

* Male circumcision should now be recognized as an efficacious intervention for HIV prevention.

Male circumcision should never replace other known effective prevention methods and should always be considered as part of a comprehensive prevention package, which includes correct and consistent use of male or female condoms, reduction in the number of sexual partners, delaying the onset of sexual relations, and HIV testing and counselling .”

The UNAIDS / WHO / SACEMA Expert Group on Modelling the Impact and Cost of Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention found " large benefits " of circumcision in settings with high HIV prevalence and low circumcision prevalence.

Male circumcision may reduce the probability of HIV acquisition by men ( see article Circumcision and HIV ).

Male circumcision had little to moderate effect in their simulations, but given the geographical correlation found, the authors propose that it could have had an indirect role, either by increasing genital ulcer disease itself ( it is known that syphilis, chancroid, and several other GUDs have higher incidences in uncircumcised men ), or by permitting further spread of the HIV strain, after the first chains of sexual transmission permitted adaptation to the human organism.

Male spirits would be called " father ” ( tēvs ) or " master ” ( kungs ) or " god ” ( dievs, dieviņš ) or " spirit ” ( gars, gariņš ).

Acceptance of female members was spotty, with many Male members hoping that their efforts against Female exploitation would result in their being returned to their previous domestic status.

He would win the first of his four consecutive Grammy for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance at the Grammy Awards of 1999.

According to David Stein, the man who coined " Safe, Sane, and Consensual S / M " for New York ’ s Gay Male S / M Activists ( GMSMA ) SSC was only intended to be put forward as a minimum standard for ethically defensible S / M play, to establish a distinction between play between loving S / M partners and the public perception of sadomasochism which would be more accurately described as abusive behavior.

* In 1965, about his stage performances: " I probably enjoyed show business most when I was doing plays like The Male Animal and Good Night, Ladies ',' when people would lay down their money and laugh and you'd see them walk out happy.

That same year, he won Down Beats international critics ' poll for Best New Male Singer, as well as their readers ' poll for Best Male Band Singer — citations he would continue to accumulate throughout his career.

Male poets would use the female narrative voice, as a persona, to lament being abandoned by a male comrade or king.

For example, for a radio button group named Gender with the options Male, Female and Other, the variable Gender would not be passed, even with a blank value.

In the library, instead of working, Male Itsuki often would to write down his name on the check out cards of books that no one had checked out, thus being the only name on the card.

The seventh and last generation of Kamiyonanayo were Izanagi no Mikoto (" Exalted Male ") and Izanami no Mikoto (" Exalted Female "), and they would be responsible for the creation of the Japanese archipelago and would engender other deities.

Male descendants of the French, Indians, and mixed bloods at Kaskaskia became the voyageurs and coureurs des bois who would explore and exploit the Missouri River country.

Male care of infants occurs in some groups, but not in others ; usually, older males protect, groom, and carry an infant as a female would.

Holland, the Superintendent of Education, decided that Louisville would never need more than one high school so he ordered the consolidation of Male and Manual.

Male lead singer, Andreas Lundstedt claimed that the band would be back in the summer of 2007.

If we now have ‘ Festivals of Music by Female Composers ’, would it not be right to have ‘ Festivals of Music by Male Composers ’?

Male prisoners would perform hard labour – including breaking rocks, and other duties in the stone quarries, while women would sew, clean and cook.

After leaving the band in 1997, Lawrence Worthington would drum for both The Male Nurse and The Fall-influenced art punk band The Country Teasers.

In the ( likely ) case the Medium Mark D would not be ready for mass production in 1919 the Tank Corps hoped to receive no less than 6, 000 Medium Cs that year, a third of which of a " Male " version with a long six-pounder gun in the front of the superstructure.

Marvin would also be nominated with a Grammy Award for Best R & B Male Vocal Performance, losing out the second time to Lou Rawls, with whom he had a competitive rivalry, for his single, " You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine ".

In June 2009, Lodger indicated via Twitter that their next album would be titled Sunday of a Male Shouvinist.

Male fairy shrimp have an enlarged pair of antennae with which they grasp the female during mating, while the bottom-feeding Notostraca, the antennae are reduced to vestiges.

Many modern studies, most notably Sexual Behavior in the Human Male by Alfred Kinsey, have found that the majority of humans have had both heterosexual and homosexual experiences or sensations and are bisexual.

Male hamsters typically have very large testes in relation to their body size.

Male rats have been recorded engaging in mating with their sisters, but they tend to prefer non-related females over their sisters.

Male okapis have short, skin-covered horns called ossicones.

Male birds and fish of many species have brighter coloration or other external ornaments.

Male yetis look like the ' real-life ' Yeti only they have large, beaver tails, have saddles for hats and speak with poor grammar.

Male turtles tend to have particularly long claws, and these appear to be used to stimulate the female while mating.

Male mermithids have one or two spicules just before the end apart from having a thinner, smoother cuticle, without areoles and a paler brown colour.

Male Strepsiptera have wings, legs, eyes, and antennae, and superficially look like flies, though their mouthparts cannot be used for feeding.

Male consorts, however, have sometimes been granted dukedoms.

Male strippers have become a popular option to have at a bachelorette party.

Male runway models have been noted as being skinny and well toned.

Male gynaecologists may have a female chaperone for their examination.

Mango trees already have been reported dying on Male because of salt penetration.

Over the years there have been many coup attempts and protests centered in Male as a result of demand for greater democracy in the Maldives.

Male flowers have yellow nectaries and 5-7 stamens.

Male bees, over many generations of cumulative orchid evolution, have built up the bee-like shape through trying to copulate with flowers, and hence carrying pollen.

Geck observes that Alger's themes have been transformed in modern America from their original meanings into a Male Cinderella myth, and are an Americanization of the traditional Jack tales.

Male and female vocalists have also joined big bands to perform particular arrangements.

* Male sex — male children have a ~ 50 % higher risk of SIDS than female children.

Male singers whose voices have not yet changed and are singing the soprano line are technically known as " trebles ".