Male & female circumcision: Among Jews, Christians and Muslims.

* Male circumcision and HIV: Some research has suggested that male circumcision can reduce the risk of HIV infection in some countries.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin, usually for religious, cosmetic, or medical reasons.

Male circumcision practised as a religious rite is found in texts of the Hebrew Bible, as part of the Abrahamic covenant, such as in, and is therefore practised by Jews and Muslims and some Christians, who constitute the Abrahamic religions.

Male circumcision has often been, and remains, the subject of controversy on a number of grounds — including religious, ethical, sexual, and health.

Male circumcision involves the excision of genital tissue from the human body, so the ethics of circumcision are sometimes controversial.

Weiss, Quigley and Hayes carried out a meta-analysis on circumcision and HIV in 2000 and found as follows: " Male circumcision is associated with a significantly reduced risk of HIV infection among men in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly those at high risk of HIV.

Their conclusion was " Male circumcision appears to be highly acceptable in Botswana.

The authors said, “ Male circumcision provides a degree of protection against acquiring HIV infection, equivalent to what a vaccine of high efficacy would have achieved.

Male circumcision may provide an important way of reducing the spread of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa .”

* Male circumcision should now be recognized as an efficacious intervention for HIV prevention.

* Male circumcision " would have greatest impact " in countries where the HIV infection rate among heterosexual males is greater than 15 percent and fewer than 20 percent of males are circumcised.

Male circumcision should never replace other known effective prevention methods and should always be considered as part of a comprehensive prevention package, which includes correct and consistent use of male or female condoms, reduction in the number of sexual partners, delaying the onset of sexual relations, and HIV testing and counselling .”

The UNAIDS / WHO / SACEMA Expert Group on Modelling the Impact and Cost of Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention found " large benefits " of circumcision in settings with high HIV prevalence and low circumcision prevalence.

Male circumcision may reduce the probability of HIV acquisition by men ( see article Circumcision and HIV ).

Male circumcision had little to moderate effect in their simulations, but given the geographical correlation found, the authors propose that it could have had an indirect role, either by increasing genital ulcer disease itself ( it is known that syphilis, chancroid, and several other GUDs have higher incidences in uncircumcised men ), or by permitting further spread of the HIV strain, after the first chains of sexual transmission permitted adaptation to the human organism.

* February 1 – Auburn University is first chartered as the East Alabama Male College.

In 1856, the state legislature chartered a Methodist college, the East Alabama Male College in Auburn.

East Alabama Male College was turned over to the state in 1872, and with funds from the federal Morrill Act was renamed Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College with a new mission as a land grant college.

Star Airlines operated charter flights mainly to destinations in Africa, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean, in addition to regular services to the Libanon, Male, and Mexico.

The Star of David at least since the 20th century remains associated with the number seven and thus with the Menorah, and popular accounts associate it with the six directions of space plus the center ( under the influence of the description of space found in the Sefer Yetsira: Up, Down, East, West, South, North, and Center ), or the Six Sefirot of the Male ( Zeir Anpin ) united with the Seventh Sefirot of the Female ( Nukva ).

The album helped earn Gallant Male Artist of the Year from the East Coast Music Awards and also garnered two Juno nominations.

Male OCs are eligible to become members of the East India Club, whilst women may join the University Women ’ s Club.

He then attended the East Alabama Male College ( now Auburn University ) before transferring to the University of Georgia.

* Landstorm, Male conscripts over 32 years old of the European legal class in the Royal Dutch East Indies Army ( KNIL ) of the Dutch East Indies.

The Pontypridd constituency was created in its original form from parts of the old South Glamorganshire & East Glamorganshire constituencies as part of ' The Fourth Reform Act of 1918 ' which extended voting rights to women over 30 years of age, reduced the qualifying age of Male voters who had served in the Great War to 19 years of age & created the now abolished University constituencies.

Male teams compete in the Chicago Catholic League ( CCL ), while the female teams compete in the East Suburban Catholic Conference.

* Native English: Male ( Cape Town, South Africa )

* Native English: Male ( Port Elizabeth, South Africa )

* Native English: Male ( Nigel, South Africa )

* Afrikaans ( Primary ): Male ( Pretoria, South Africa )

* Afrikaans ( Primary ): Male ( Pretoria, South Africa )

Xylocopa caffra Male Carpenter Bee, feeding from flower, South Africa

* Male Wheelchair: Ernst Van Dyk of South Africa in 1: 26: 47 – 2003

Her fieldwork in Africa resulted in two ethnographic monographs relating to the Igbo-African Matriarchal Foundations ( 1987 ), and the award-winning Male Daughters Female Husbands ( Zed Press, 1987 ).

The song is a sorrowful rendition of the novel's story (" It's gone all quiet on the Western Front / Male Angels sigh / ghosts in a flooded trench / As Germany dies ").

Male genital yeast infections are less common, and incidences of infection are only a fraction of those in women ; however, yeast infection on the penis from direct contact via sexual intercourse with an infected partner is not uncommon.

Male chauvinism is a term used to describe the belief that men are superior to women.

Male chauvinism has been defined as a “ blind allegiance and simple minded devotion to one ’ s maleness that is mixed with open or disguised belligerence toward women.

Chauvinistic men believe “ that women are to be bullied, or humored, or charmed, or ignored .” Male chauvinism is seen in the home in different cultures.

MediaNet is a Male-based cable TV operator that provides cable and Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service ( MMDS ) service to five islands near Male.

Male participation in feminism is encouraged by feminists and is seen as an important strategy for achieving full societal commitment to gender equality.

Male pattern baldness is a sign of age, which may be concealed with a toupee, hats, or religious and cultural adornments.

Irving Bieber and his colleagues in 1962 published Homosexuality: A Psychoanalytic Study of Male Homosexuals, which concluded that " although this change may be more easily accomplished by some than by others, in our judgment a heterosexual shift is a possibility for all homosexuals who are strongly motivated to change.

Douglas Haldeman writes that psychoanalytic treatment of homosexuality is exemplified by the work of Irving Bieber and his colleagues in Homosexuality: A Psychoanalytic Study of Male Homosexuals.

The album won a Grammy in 2000 ; as an indicator of how difficult it is to classify Waits's music, he was nominated simultaneously for Best Contemporary Folk Album ( which he won ) and Best Male Rock Vocal Performance ( for the song " Hold On "), both different from the genre for which he won his previous Grammy.

* Kinsey Report, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, is published.

* 1823 – Jackson Male Academy, precursor of Union University, is founded in Tennessee.

* Jackson Male Academy, precursor of Union University, is founded in Tennessee.

He is best known for writing " Sexual Behavior in the Human Male " ( 1948 ) and Sexual Behavior in the Human Female " ( 1953 ), also known as the Kinsey Reports, as well as the Kinsey scale.

Male clothes are often more practical ( that is, they can function well under a wide variety of situations ), but a wider range of clothing styles are available for females.

Hereford is home to the Hereford Police Male Voice Choir who competed on the BBC TV show " Last Choir Standing ", and the Railway Choir.

Male and female flowers must be open simultaneously for pollination to occur, hence successful pollination is quite rare and some species may be endangered.

For this the band is working together with the Belgian label Alfa Matrix that already took care of releasing the albums of the Front 242 side-project Male Or Female.

* Henry II, King of England ( Male, 50 )-In his time, at 50, men were either infirm or dead, yet Henry is still very nearly as vital as he ever was.

* John ( Male, 17 )-He is the youngest son of Henry and Eleanor.

* Geoffrey ( Male, 25 )-He is a son of Henry and Eleanor, and a man of energy and action.

* Richard the Lionheart ( Male, 26 )-The eldest son of Henry and Eleanor, he is handsome, graceful and impressive.