:" It was reported that Mao Tsetung and Chiang Ching were separated in 1973.

* The Immortal Contributions of Mao Tsetung ( 1979 ), ISBN 0-89851-046-5

* The Loss in China and the Revolutionary Legacy of Mao Tsetung ( 1978 ), ISBN 0-89851-017-1

* Mao Tsetung: The Art of War, The Battle of Pinghshingkuan Pass

* Mao Tsetung and Mao Tsetung thought are anti-Marxist-Leninist and revisionist Ill.: COUSML, 1979

* Mao Tsetung y el pensamiento Mao Tsetung son antimarxista-leninistas y revisionistas, Chicago: COUSML, 1979.

* Communist Party of Colombia ( Marxist-Leninist ), Mao Tsetung Regional Committee

Mao Zedong ( Máo zé dōng ) added Marxism, Stalinism, and other communist thought.

Den was influenced by Mao Tse-Tung ’ s view of peasantry, so he thought drumming was rooted in the bodies that physically worked the land.

During this period Mao clearly established himself as a Marxist theoretician and produced the bulk of the works which would later be canonized into the " thought of Mao Zedong ".

# The Formative Maoist Period from 1927 – 1935: In this period, Mao avoided all theoretical implications in his literature and employed a minimum of Marxist category thought.

" In the 1930 ’ s, when Mao talked about contradiction, he meant the contradiction between subjective thought and objective reality.

In its post-revolutionary period, Mao Zedong's thought is defined in the CPC's Constitution as " Marxism-Leninism applied in a Chinese context ", synthesized by Mao Zedong and China's " first-generation leaders ".

Mao thought of himself as a philosopher ; Zhou saw his role as an administrator or a negotiator.

In February 1957, Mao gave one of his most famous addresses in which he said " Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools of thought contend.

Differing views and solutions to national policy were encouraged based on the famous expression by Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong: " The policy of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend is designed to promote the flourishing of the arts and the progress of science ".

Until Mao Zedong's death, Kunming was still generally thought in much of the rest of the country as a remote frontier settlement and so it acted as a place up to then for the government to exile people who had fallen politically out of favor, especially during the Cultural Revolution.

Mao thought that the Soviets were retreating ideologically and militarily — from Marxism-Leninism and the global struggle to achieve global communism, and by apparently no longer guaranteeing support to China in a Sino-American war ; therefore, the roots of the Sino-Soviet ideological split were established by 1959.

He closed the schools and universities and organized the students in the Red Guard, a thought police politically commissioned to discover, denounce, and persecute teachers, intellectuals, and government officials who might be counter-revolutionaries and secret bourgeois, all of which enforced the cult of personality of Chairman Mao.

Anti-revisionists aligned with Enver Hoxha and the line of the Albanian party of labor argue that Mao Zedong thought is itself a form of revisionism.

Mao own position was weakening, as evidenced by the decision of the Eighth Congress to delete the phrase “ guided by the thought of Mao Zedong ” from the new Party constitution and by re-establishing the role of General Secretary, abolished in 1937.

He confessed that he had not properly understood the thought of Mao Zedong and agreed that his works should be burned.

Some schools of thought suggest that the New Left wants to return to the mass political movements of the Mao Zedong era and an abandonment of capitalist practices, while others believe that it blends the open markets of capitalism while still maintaining socialist aspects of the community, particularly in rural China.

No doubt Hitler and Stalin and Mao, Napoleon and Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar, Attila the Hun and Nebuchadnezzar, all thought of themselves as being on the side of good.

1 – 111 ( 1938 – 52 ), a groundbreaking and controversial attempt to teach literary Chinese through carefully glossed excerpts from standard classical texts ; Newspaper Chinese by the Inductive Method ( 1943 ), an effort to apply identical pedagogical techniques to the analysis of Chinese newspapers ; Confucius, the Man and the Myth ( 1949 ), a critical analysis of the philosopher Confucius ; Chinese Thought from Confucius to Mao Tse-tung ( 1953 ), a survey of Chinese thought ; The Origins of Statecraft in China, Vol.

Gao thought he had Mao Zedong's approval for such a move and he began to approach senior cadres asking for support in the summer of 1953.

China returned to civil war between the Western-backed Kuomintang versus Mao Zedong's Communists supported by the Soviet Union with the Communists seizing control of all of mainland China in 1949, creating the People's Republic of China ( PRC ).

Mao reacted first by accusing the opponents of opportunism and kulakism and then set off a series of systematic suppressions of them.

Due to concerns about widespread and well-documented corruption in Chiang's government throughout his rule ( though not always with his knowledge ), the U. S. government limited aid to Chiang for much of the period of 1946 to 1948, in the midst of fighting against the People's Liberation Army led by Mao Zedong.

Mao did not follow Stalin's instructions though and started a communist revolution against Chiang.

Mao rose to power by commanding the Long March, forming a united front with Kuomintang ( KMT ) during the Second Sino-Japanese War to repel a Japanese invasion, and leading the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) to victory against Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang ( KMT ) in the Chinese Civil War.

Reacting against his Confucian upbringing, aged 10 Mao ran away from home, heading for what he believed was a nearby town, but eventually his father found him and brought him home.

In Changsha, Mao took advantage of the unrest to help organize protests against the Governor of Hunan Province, Zhang Jinghui, a supporter of Duan's.

The essays, excerpts of which appear in the ' Quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong ', warn against the behaviour of the blindfolded man trying to catch sparrows, and the ' Imperial envoy ' descending from his carriage to ' spout opinions '.

Mao further consolidated power over the Communist Party in 1942 by launching the Shu Fan movement, or " Rectification " campaign against rival CPC members such as Wang Ming, Wang Shiwei, and Ding Ling.

In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces.

* 1971 – People's Republic of China: Chairman Mao Zedong's second in command and successor Marshal Lin Biao flees the country via plane after the failure of alleged coup against Mao.

Despite their initial cooperation against " revisionism ," Hoxha denounced Mao as a revisionist, along with almost every other self-identified Communist organization in the world.

* December 27 – Mao Zedong issues the Wayaopao Manifesto, On Tactics Against Japanese Imperialism, calling for a National United Front against the Japanese Invasion.

* Cao Mao, ruler of the Chinese Kingdom of Wei ( killed in an abortive coup d ' état against Sima Zhao ) ( b. 241 )

At the conference, Marshal Peng Dehuai, the Minister of Defence, criticized Great-Leap policies in a private letter to Mao, writing that it was plagued by mismanagement and cautioning against elevating political dogma over the laws of economics.

Despite the moderate tone of Peng's letter, Mao took it as a personal attack against his leadership.

In 1963, the Chinese Communist Party began to openly denounce the Soviet Union, publishing a series of nine polemics against its Marxist revisionism, with one of them being titled On Khrushchev's Phoney Communism and Historical Lessons for the World, in which Mao charged that Khrushchev was not only a revisionist but also increased the danger of capitalist restoration.

While the " literary battle " against Peng raged, Mao fired Yang Shangkun – director of the Party's General Office, an organ that controlled internal communications – on a series of unsubstantiated charges, installing in his stead staunch loyalist Wang Dongxing, head of Mao's security detail.

By early June, throngs of young demonstrators lined the capital's major thoroughfares holding giant portraits of Mao, beating drums, and shouting slogans against his perceived enemies.

Assassination attempts were alleged to have been made against Mao in Shanghai, from September 8 to September 10, 1971.

Meanwhile Mao issued a series of rebukes against the Gang of Four, criticizing their ability to manage the economy.

Years of resentment over the Cultural Revolution, the public persecution of Deng Xiaoping ( who was seen as Zhou's ally ), and the prohibition against publicly mourning Zhou became associated with each other shortly after Zhou's death, leading to popular discontent against Mao and the Gang of Four.

Red Guard slogans were the most violent in nature, such as “ Strike the enemy down on the floor and step on him with a foot ”, “ Long live the red terror !” and “ Those who are against Chairman Mao will have their dog skulls smashed into pieces ”.

With the Cultural Revolution Mao was simply " returning to form ," once again taking on the role of a guerrilla leader fighting against an institutionalized Party bureaucracy.

Maoism's political orientation emphasizes the " revolutionary struggle of the vast majority of people against the exploiting classes and their state structures ", which Mao termed a " People's War ".