Molecular dynamics ( MD ) use either quantum mechanics, Newton's laws of motion or a mixed model to examine the time-dependent behavior of systems, including vibrations or Brownian motion and reactions.

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

* Molecular model

* Molecular replacement – if a related structure is known, it can be used as a search model in molecular replacement to determine the orientation and position of the molecules within the unit cell.

* Interactive Molecular model of cytochrome c oxidase ( Requires MDL Chime )

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

* LAMMPS ( Large-scale Atomic / Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator ) is a molecular dynamics library that can be used to model parallel atomic / subatomic processes at large scale.

Molecular model of ATP synthase by X-ray diffraction method

Molecular model of H. pylori urease enzyme

NAMD ( Not ( just ) Another Molecular Dynamics program ) is a free-of-charge molecular dynamics simulation package written using the Charm ++ parallel programming model, noted for its parallel efficiency and often used to simulate large systems ( millions of atoms ).

He established the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism for the investigation of developmental biology, and founded the Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley, California, U. S ..

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

Molecular mechanics uses Newtonian mechanics to model molecular systems.

Molecular mechanics or molecular dynamics are most often used to predict the conformation of the small molecule and to model conformational changes in the biological target that may occur when the small molecule binds to it.

Molecular modeling encompasses all theoretical methods and computational techniques used to model or mimic the behaviour of molecules.

Molecular orbital theory is another model for understanding how atoms and electrons are assembled into molecules and polyatomic ions.

* The male model featured in a newspaper advertisement promoting the Food Science course published in 2005 was a student of module group MB0403 from the Molecular Biotechnology course.

The article " Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen " (" On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in a Stationary Liquid, as Required by the Molecular Kinetic Theory of Heat "), received May 11 and published July 18, delineated a stochastic model of Brownian motion.

However, Watson and Crick found Fraser's model to be too ill-defined to comment specifically on its inadequacies in their publication in " Nature " ( 1953 ): Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids.

Molecular set theory was introduced by Anthony Bartholomay, and its applications were developed in mathematical biology and especially in Mathematical Medicine.

Molecular set theory ( MST ) is a mathematical formulation of the wide-sense chemical kinetics of biomolecular reactions in terms of sets of molecules and their chemical transformations represented by set-theoretical mappings between molecular sets.

* April 25 – Francis Crick and James D. Watson publish " Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid ", their description of the double helix structure of DNA.

* MARS — Molecular Adsorbent Recycling System — a description of MARS.

Molecular models of caffeine.

Atomic models will consist of a single nucleus that may be surrounded by one or more bound electrons, whilst molecular models are typically concerned with Molecular Hydrogen and it's Molecular hydrogen ion.

Molecular phylogenies are sensitive to the assumptions and models that go into making them.

Abalone is a Molecular Dynamics program for folding simulations with explicit or implicit water models.

Successful gene therapy solutions have been recently achieved on mouse models by Jiang Chen M. D., a post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of Dennis Roop, Ph. D., in the Center for Cutaneous Molecular Biology at Baylor College of Medicine's departments of molecular and cellular biology and dermatology in Houston.

Molecular mechanics is one aspect of molecular modelling, as it refers to the use of classical mechanics / Newtonian mechanics to describe the physical basis behind the models.

Molecular models typically describe atoms ( nucleus and electrons collectively ) as point charges with an associated mass.

The central theme of the Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases ( CMMID ) is “ Animal Model of Diseases .” The faculty specializes in using various animal models that include not only traditional laboratory animal models ( mice and rats ), but also non-traditional ( chickens, pigs, dogs, fish, crab, equine ) animal models.

* Sarkar, S., 2005, Molecular models of life: philosophical papers on molecular biology.

* Molecular Interactive Collaborative Environment ( MICE ) developed at the San Diego Supercomputer Center – provides collaborative access and manipulation of complex, three-dimensional molecular models as captured in various scientific visualization programs ( Chin and Lansing, 2004 );

* Molecular Modeling Collaboratory ( MMC ) developed at University of California, San Francisco – allows remote biologists to share and interactively manipulate three-dimensional molecular models in applications such as drug design and protein engineering ( Chin and Lansing, 2004 );

* Molecular evolution, evolution at the scale of molecules

Molecular chemistry deals with the laws governing the interaction between molecules that results in the formation and breakage of chemical bonds, while molecular physics deals with the laws governing their structure and properties.

Molecular spectroscopy deals with the response ( spectrum ) of molecules interacting with probing signals of known energy ( or frequency, according to Planck's formula ).

* Chemistry: Molecular theory — Kinetic theory of gases — Molecular orbital theory — Valence bond theory — Transition state theory — RRKM theory — Chemical graph theory — Flory-Huggins solution theory — Marcus theory — Lewis theory ( successor to Brønsted – Lowry acid – base theory ) — HSAB theory — Debye – Hückel theory — Thermodynamic theory of polymer elasticity — Reptation theory — Polymer field theory — Møller – Plesset perturbation theory — Density Functional Theory — Frontier molecular orbital theory — Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory — Baeyer strain theory — Quantum theory of atoms in molecules — Collision theory — Ligand field theory ( successor to Crystal field theory ) — Variational Transition State Theory — Benson group increment theory — Specific ion interaction theory

; Molecular dynamics: Application of classical mechanics for simulating the movement of the nuclei of an assembly of atoms and molecules.

Molecular electronics comprises two related but separate subdisciplines: molecular materials for electronics utilizes the properties of the molecules to affect the bulk properties of a material, while molecular scale electronics focuses on single-molecule applications.

Molecular scale electronics, also called single molecule electronics, is a branch of nanotechnology that uses single molecules, or nanoscale collections of single molecules, as electronic components.

* Molecular binding, an attractive interaction between two molecules

* Molecular electronic transition for molecules

Molecular physics is the study of the physical properties of molecules, the chemical bonds between atoms as well as the molecular dynamics.

Molecular pathology is an emerging discipline within pathology, and focuses in the study and diagnosis of disease through the examination of molecules within organs, tissues or bodily fluids.

The European Molecular Biology Laboratory EMBL made use of the possibilities that arose with the new technology and in 1972 established a permanent branch at DESY with the aim of analyzing the structure of biological molecules by means of synchrotron radiation.

Molecular biologists use several shorthand terms when referring to nucleic acid molecules, such as DNA and RNA, collectively referred to as nucleic acid nomenclature.

Molecular engineering is any means of manufacturing molecules.

Molecular dynamics ( MD ) is a computer simulation of physical movements of atoms and molecules.

* Molecular dynamics, a form of computer simulation where atoms and molecules are allowed to interact for a period of time under known laws of physics

He'd also seen that the absorption behavior of molecules is quite different from that of the atoms composing the molecules — for example the gas nitric oxide ( NO ) absorbed more than a thousand times more infrared radiation than either nitrogen ( N < sub > 2 </ sub >) or oxygen ( O < sub > 2 </ sub >).< ref > Contributions to Molecular Physics in the Domain of Radiant Heat, pp. 80 – 81.

Molecular geometry can range from the very simple, such as diatomic oxygen or nitrogen molecules, to the very complex, such as protein or DNA molecules.

Molecular mechanics can be used to study small molecules as well as large biological systems or material assemblies with many thousands to millions of atoms.