Molecular dynamics ( MD ) use either quantum mechanics, Newton's laws of motion or a mixed model to examine the time-dependent behavior of systems, including vibrations or Brownian motion and reactions.

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

* Molecular model, a physicochemical or mathematical description that models the behaviour of molecules

* Molecular model

* Molecular replacement – if a related structure is known, it can be used as a search model in molecular replacement to determine the orientation and position of the molecules within the unit cell.

* Interactive Molecular model of cytochrome c oxidase ( Requires MDL Chime )

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

* LAMMPS ( Large-scale Atomic / Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator ) is a molecular dynamics library that can be used to model parallel atomic / subatomic processes at large scale.

Molecular model of H. pylori urease enzyme

NAMD ( Not ( just ) Another Molecular Dynamics program ) is a free-of-charge molecular dynamics simulation package written using the Charm ++ parallel programming model, noted for its parallel efficiency and often used to simulate large systems ( millions of atoms ).

He established the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism for the investigation of developmental biology, and founded the Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley, California, U. S ..

All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

Molecular mechanics uses Newtonian mechanics to model molecular systems.

Molecular mechanics or molecular dynamics are most often used to predict the conformation of the small molecule and to model conformational changes in the biological target that may occur when the small molecule binds to it.

Molecular modeling encompasses all theoretical methods and computational techniques used to model or mimic the behaviour of molecules.

Molecular orbital theory is another model for understanding how atoms and electrons are assembled into molecules and polyatomic ions.

* The male model featured in a newspaper advertisement promoting the Food Science course published in 2005 was a student of module group MB0403 from the Molecular Biotechnology course.

The article " Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen " (" On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in a Stationary Liquid, as Required by the Molecular Kinetic Theory of Heat "), received May 11 and published July 18, delineated a stochastic model of Brownian motion.

However, Watson and Crick found Fraser's model to be too ill-defined to comment specifically on its inadequacies in their publication in " Nature " ( 1953 ): Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids.

Molecular biology techniques can help drive breeding programs by directing selection of superior animals.

; CEPHALOSPORINASE, Molecular Class C ( not inhibited by clavulanic acid )

; GROUP 2br: INHIBITOR-RESISTANT, Molecular Class A ( diminished inhibition by clavulanic acid )

; METALLOENZYME, Molecular Class B ( not inhibited by clavulanic acid )

* Cell and Molecular Biology by Karp 5th Ed., ISBN 0-471-46580-1

Molecular evidence indicates that the lineage of gibbons ( family Hylobatidae ) diverged from Great Apes some 18-12 million years ago, and that of orangutans ( subfamily Ponginae ) diverged from the other Great Apes at about 12 million years ; there are no fossils that clearly document the ancestry of gibbons, which may have originated in a so-far-unknown South East Asian hominoid population, but fossil proto-orangutans may be represented by Sivapithecus from India and Griphopithecus from Turkey, dated to around 10 million years ago.

Confirmation and clarity came a year later in 1953, when James D. Watson and Francis Crick correctly hypothesized, in their journal article " Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid ", the double helix structure of DNA, and suggested the copying mechanism by which DNA functions as hereditary material.

The theory has been presented in 2005 by Marc W. Kirschner, a professor and chair of Department of Systems Biology at Harvard Medical School, and John C. Gerhart, a professor in Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley.

Molecular oxygen ( O < sub > 2 </ sub >) directly oxidizes many compounds to produce useful products in an organism, such as antibiotics, etc., in reactions catalyzed by oxygenases.

* In 1962, the first major English language publication on the subject " Molecular Structure and Properties of Liquid Crystals ", by Dr. George W. Gray.

* Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals a journal by Taylor and Francis

* Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals a journal by Taylor & Francis

Molecular orbitals are usually constructed by combining atomic orbitals or hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule, or other molecular orbitals from groups of atoms.

Molecular orbitals were first introduced by Friedrich Hund and Robert S. Mulliken in 1927 and 1928.

Molecular nanotechnology ( MNT ) is a technology based on the ability to build structures to complex, atomic specifications by means of mechanosynthesis.

Similar ideas are advocated in the Foresight Guidelines on Molecular Nanotechnology, and a map of the 137-dimensional replicator design space recently published by Freitas and Merkle provides numerous proposed methods by which replicators could, in principle, be safely controlled by good design.

Molecular surgical tools, guided by molecular computers and injected into the blood stream could find and destroy cancer cells or invading bacteria, unclog arteries, or provide oxygen when the circulation is impaired.

* Nanotechnology: Molecular Speculations on Global Abundance Edited by BC Crandall ( ISBN 0-262-53137-2 ) offers interesting ideas for MNT applications.

Molecular hydrogen is difficult to detect by infrared and radio observations, so the molecule most often used to determine the presence of H < sub > 2 </ sub > is CO ( carbon monoxide ).

GMCs are so large that " local " ones can cover a significant fraction of a constellation ; thus they are often referred to by the name of that constellation, e. g. the Orion Molecular Cloud ( OMC ) or the Taurus Molecular Cloud ( TMC ).

* An Overview of the First Half-Century of Molecular Electronics by Noel S. Hush, Ann.

He received his Ph. D. in 1982 from Yale University's Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, where he conducted research on X-ray scattering and protein structure.

* Errami A, Smider V, Rathmell WK, et al., " Ku86 defines the genetic defect and restores X-ray resistance and V ( D ) J recombination to complementation group 5 hamster cell mutants " Molecular And Cellular Biology 16 ( 4 ): 1519-1526 Apr 1996 Times Cited: 112