Sydney Wragge, creator of sophisticated casuals for women and Roger Vivier, designer of Christian Dior shoes Paris, France, whose squared toes and lowered heels have revolutionized the shoe industry.

However, Paris ignored the powerful developments in quantitative studies underway in the U. S. and Britain, which reshaped economic, political and demographic research in those countries, while France fell behind.

The current leader is Roger Chartier, who is Directeur d ' Études at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris, Professeur in the Collège de France, and Annenberg Visiting Professor of History at the University of Pennsylvania.

* Leroux, Robert, Histoire et sociologie en France: de l ' histoire-science à la sociologie durkheimienne, Paris, Presses universitaires de France, 1998.

As well as holding positions at this school until 1828, in 1819 and 1820 Ampère offered courses in philosophy and astronomy, respectively, at the University of Paris, and in 1824 he was elected to the prestigious chair in experimental physics at the Collège de France.

Though the only accounts of his lectures seem to show a sort of eccentric style and approach, he was said to have been good friends with many other masters at the school in Paris, and taught there, as well as some time in southern France, into his old age.

* 1908 – Fantasmagorie, the first animated cartoon, created by Émile Cohl, is shown in Paris, France.

* 1978 – Double Eagle II becomes first balloon to cross the Atlantic Ocean when it lands in Miserey, France near Paris, 137 hours after leaving Presque Isle, Maine.

* 1572 – Marriage in Paris, France of the Huguenot King Henry IV of Navarre to Margaret of Valois, in a supposed attempt to reconcile Protestants and Catholics.

* 1944 – World War II: Liberation of Paris – Paris, France rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops.

In 1229, his mother, who was regent of France, forced the Treaty of Paris on Raymond VII of Toulouse after his rebellion.

During that time he took a great part in the campaigns and negotiations which led to the Treaty of Paris in 1259, under which King Henry III of England recognized his loss of continental territory to France ( including Normandy, Maine, Anjou, and Poitou ) in exchange for France withdrawing support from English rebels.

| PLACE OF BIRTH = Paris, France

On the demotion of Pluto to the status of dwarf planet, Philip Zarka of the Paris Observatory in Meudon, France wondered how astrologers should respond:

Alexis Andrew Nicholas Koerner was born in Paris to an Austrian Jewish father and a half-Turkish half-Greek mother, and spent his childhood in France, Switzerland, and North Africa.

* 1793 – The Musée du Louvre is officially opened in Paris, France.

According to a 2008 television programme, presented by Griff Rhys Jones, “ the flame has only been extinguished once, by a drunken Mexican football supporter on the night that France beat Brazil here in Paris ,” most likely referring to the 1998 FIFA World Cup Final.

The National Assembly in Paris united Corsica to France and pardoned its exiles.

* 1558 – Mary, Queen of Scots, marries the Dauphin of France, François, at Notre Dame de Paris.

He taught at Paris in the academic year 1232-33, but was appointed to a delegation by Henry III of England in 1235, along with Simon Langton and Fulk Basset, to negotiate for the renewal of the peace between England and France.

Nin left Paris in the late summer of 1939, when residents from overseas were urged to leave France due to the upcoming war and returned to New York City with Guiler ( who was, on his own wish, all but edited out of her diaries published in her lifetime and whose role in her life is therefore difficult to gauge ).

Paris, France

The scenes at the end of the novel, when Oran's gates are reopened, recall the jubilant scenes in Paris when the city was liberated in 1944.

In 1944, he published his first novel, Les innocents de Paris (" The Innocent of Paris "), in Switzerland.

In the early 20th century, the first monster appeared in a horror film: Quasimodo, the hunchback of Notre-Dame, who had appeared in Victor Hugo's novel, Notre-Dame de Paris ( 1831 ).

At first, Rilke had a difficult time in Paris, an experience that he called on in the first part of his only novel, The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge.

The most important works of the Paris period were Neue Gedichte ( New Poems ) ( 1907 ), Der Neuen Gedichte Anderer Teil ( Another Part of the New Poems ) ( 1908 ), the two " Requiem " poems ( 1909 ), and the novel The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge, started in 1904 and completed in January 1910.

An early description of the roulette game in its current form is found in a French novel La Roulette, ou le Jour by Jaques Lablee, which describes a roulette wheel in the Palais Royal in Paris in 1796.

In her published novel, Pathways, Voyager producer Jeri Taylor provided an alternative story much more similar to the events in " The First Duty " by moving the accident to Paris ' Starfleet Academy years and making his fellow cadets the victims of his recklessness.

* September 15 – Vladimir Nabokov's controversial novel Lolita is published in Paris by Olympia Press.

Henry Miller's 1934 novel, Tropic of Cancer, had explicit sexual passages and could not be published in the United States ; an edition was printed by the Obelisk Press in Paris and copies were smuggled into the United States.

According to its title page, the libretto of La bohème is based on Henri Murger's novel, Scènes de la vie de bohème, a collection of vignettes portraying young bohemians living in the Latin Quarter of Paris in the 1840s.

La Débâcle, the military novel is set for the most part in country districts of eastern France ; its dénouement takes place in the capital during the civil war leading to the suppression of the Paris Commune.

In 1938 Lussu's novel Un anno sull ' altipiano (" A Year on the Plateau "), was published in Paris.

The novel It Can't Happen Here, by Sinclair Lewis, lists the exiles in Paris as " Jimmy Walker, and a few ex-presidents from South America and Cuba.

The Hunchback of Notre-Dame ( French: Notre-Dame de Paris, " Our Lady of Paris ") is a novel by Victor Hugo published in 1831.

The original French title, Notre-Dame de Paris ( the formal title of the Cathedral ) indicates that the Cathedral itself is the most significant aspect of the novel, both the main setting and the focus of the story's themes.

After his retirement from the Ministry in 1898, made possible by the commercial success of his novel, La cathédrale, Huysmans planned to leave Paris and move to Ligugé.

Les Halles was known as the " Belly of Paris ", as it was coined by Émile Zola in his novel, Le Ventre de Paris which is depicting and set in the busy marketplace of the 19th century.

*" Count of Monte Cristo Paris Walking Tour " identifies locations from the novel in Paris mapped on Google Maps

The Gnomon of Saint-Sulpice inside the church of Saint Sulpice in Paris, France, built to assist in determining the date of Easter, was fictionalized as a " Rose Line " in the novel The Da Vinci Code.

His first novel, Watch and Ward ( 1871 ), was written while travelling through Venice and Paris.