* Circa 1945-1955 After World War II, a black market at Kanda developed around the first school of electrical manufacturing ( now the Tokyo Denki University.

One of the first plastics made from synthetic components, Bakelite was used for its electrical nonconductivity and heat-resistant properties in electrical insulators, radio and telephone casings, and such diverse products as kitchenware, jewelry, pipe stems, and children's toys.

One of the first studies of condensed states of matter was by English chemist Humphry Davy, when he observed that of the forty chemical elements known at the time, twenty-six had metallic properties such as lustre, ductility and high electrical and thermal conductivity.

In 1911, just three years after helium was first liquified, Onnes working at University of Leiden discovered superconductivity in mercury, when he observed the electrical resistivity in mercury to vanish when the temperature was lowered below a certain value.

The first theoretical description of metals was given by Paul Drude in 1900 with the Drude model, which explained electrical and thermal properties by describing a metal as an ideal gas of then-newly discovered electrons.

Steven Sasson, an electrical engineer working for Kodak, invented the first digital still camera using a Fairchild CCD in 1975.

The first of these two methods is more commonly encountered in practice because many industrial systems have many continuous systems components, including mechanical, fluid, biological and analog electrical components, with a few digital controllers.

* 1903: Two first diesel-powered ships were launched, both for river and canal operations: Petite-Pierre in France, powered by Dyckhoff-built diesels, and Vandal tanker in Russia, powered by Swedish-built diesels with an electrical transmission.

In the mid 1920s the city established the first zoning ordinances, electrical traffic signals and street lighting.

Radio waves were not detected first from a natural source, but were rather produced deliberately an artificially by the German scientist Heinrich Hertz in 1887, using electrical circuits calculated to produce oscillations in the radio frequency range, following recipies suggested by the equations of James Clerk Maxwell.

The electrical telegraph, or more commonly just ' telegraph ', superseded optical semaphore telegraph systems, such as those designed by Claude Chappe for the French military, and Friedrich Clemens Gerke for the Prussian military, thus becoming the first form of electrical telecommunications.

The field first became an identifiable occupation in the late nineteenth century after commercialization of the electric telegraph and electrical power supply.

The first electrical engineer was probably William Gilbert who designed the versorium: a device that detected the presence of statically charged objects.

Thomas Edison built the world's first large-scale electrical supply network.

The Darmstadt University of Technology founded the first chair and the first faculty of electrical engineering worldwide in 1882.

In 1883 Darmstadt University of Technology and Cornell University introduced the world's first courses of study in electrical engineering, and in 1885 the University College London founded the first chair of electrical engineering in the United Kingdom.

The University of Missouri subsequently established the first department of electrical engineering in the United States in 1886.

In 1882, Edison switched on the world's first large-scale electrical supply network that provided 110 volts direct current to fifty-nine customers in lower Manhattan.

Exploitation of this discovery enabled him to invent the first electrical generator in 1831, in which he converted the mechanical energy of a rotating copper disc to electrical energy.

* In 1858, Cyrus West Field laid the first transatlantic telegraph cable ( it quickly failed ).

* In 1865 Brunel's ship the SS Great Eastern laid the first successful transatlantic telegraph cable.

Cuba and Puerto Rico, reached tremendous levels of development and wealth, to the point that Spain's First Train was between Havana and Camaguey, and the world's first telegraph was in Puerto Rico, as Samuel Morse lived there with his daughter, married to a Puerto Rican businessman.

Carnegie later joked that he was " the first casualty of the war " when he gained a scar on his cheek from freeing a trapped telegraph wire.

* 1858 – Cyrus West Field and others complete the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts.

While the first telegraph company was the Toronto, Hamilton and Niagara Electro-Magnetic Telegraph Company, founded in 1846, it was the Montreal Telegraph Company, controlled by Hugh Allan and founded a year later, that dominated in Canada during the technology's early years.

Following the 1852 Telegraph Act, Canada's first permanent transatlantic telegraph link was a submarine cable built in 1866 between Ireland and Newfoundland. Telegrams were sent through networks built by Canadian Pacific and Canadian National.

In 1882, Canadian Pacific transmitted its first commercial telegram over telegraph lines they had erected alongside its tracks, breaking Western Union's monopoly.

They constructed the first electromechanical telegraph in 1833, which connected the observatory with the institute for physics in Göttingen.

* Cyrus West Field, American businessman who successfully laid the first transatlantic telegraph cable

* 1902 – The Commercial Pacific Cable Company lays the first Pacific telegraph cable, from Ocean Beach, San Francisco to Honolulu, Hawaii.

The first telegraph line in Ethiopia was constructed in the years 1897-1899 between the cities of Harar and the capital Addis Ababa.

Early wet cells powered the first telegraph and telephone systems, and were the source of current for electroplating.

Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot ( September 11, 1845 – March 28, 1903 ), French telegraph engineer and inventor of the first means of digital communication Baudot code, was one of the pioneers of telecommunications.

On June 17, 1874, Baudot patented his first printing telegraph ( Patent no.

The Baudot telegraph system was employed progressively in France, and then was adopted in other countries, Italy being the first to introduce it, in its inland service, during 1887.

The first submarine telegraph cable started its operation in Gibraltar in 1870.

The first connection to Australia was an undersea telegraph cable that was completed on 18 November 1871, connecting Java to Darwin, and eventually to the Australian Overland Telegraph Line across Australia.

In 1889 George Gillmore, formerly an electrician for the GPO's Manx telegraph operations, was granted a licence by the Postmaster General to operate the Isle of Man's first telephone service.

The first milestones in the Japanese media history were newspapers in the Meiji period, the first being the Nagasaki Shipping List & Advertiser, founded 1861 in Nagasaki, with the telegraph and telephone following suit.

Being somewhat delicate in health, at the age of sixteen he was sent to Southern Europe, for which he at once developed a passion, so that he spent nearly all of the following ten years abroad, at first in Italy, then in Greece, Egypt, Asia Minor, and Palestine.

Hearst saw his wife and child, sent a joyful message to his mother in California, and soon returned to Washington, where on April 22, for the first time, he opened his mouth in Congress.

Thus, when the Russians sent up their first sputnik, American chagrin was human enough, and American determination to put American satellites into orbit was perfectly understandable.

At two thirty he sent Fujimoto to the top of the wall at the northeast corner of the mission to keep an eye on the ridge road and give a signal when he first glimpsed the approach of Kayabashi's party.

However, we sent a third vessel out, a much smaller and faster one than the first two.

Lincoln's assassination was the first assassination of a U. S. president and sent the nation into mourning.

In 1814 a bishop of Calcutta was made ; in 1824 the first bishop was sent to the West Indies and in 1836 to Australia.

According to the Central Bank of Armenia, during the first half of 2008, cash remittances sent back to Armenia by Armenians working abroad rose by 57. 5 percent and totaled $ 668. 6 million USD, equivalent to 15 percent of the country's first-half Gross Domestic Product.

His report of life there covers a wide range of topics, such as marriage in heaven ( where all angels are married ), children in heaven ( where they are raised by angel parents ), time and space in heaven ( there are none ), the after-death awakening process in the World of Spirits ( a place halfway between Heaven and Hell and where people first wake up after death ), the allowance of a free will choice between Heaven or Hell ( as opposed to being sent to either one by God ), the eternity of Hell ( one could leave but would never want to ), and that all angels or devils were once people on earth.

* 1527 – The first known letter from North America is sent by John Rut while at St. John's, Newfoundland.

Bose first sent a paper to Einstein on the quantum statistics of light quanta ( now called photons ).

( c. 4 ), who likewise follows Hippolytus's Compendium, adds some further particulars ; that ' Abraxas ' gave birth to Mind ( nous ), the first in the series of primary powers enumerated likewise by Irenaeus and Epiphanius ; that the world, as well as the 365 heavens, was created in honour of ' Abraxas ;' and that Christ was sent not by the Maker of the world but by ' Abraxas.

Rather than face this ordeal, Alexei fled to Vienna and placed himself under the protection of his brother-in-law, the emperor Charles VI, who sent him for safety first to the Tirolean fortress of Ehrenberg ( near Reutte ), and finally to the castle of Sant ' Elmo at Naples.

In 1810, John Jacob Astor's Pacific Fur Company sent the Astor Expedition that founded Fort Astoria as its primary fur-trading post in the Northwest, and in fact the first permanent U. S. settlement on the Pacific coast.

In the first ten years of the league's existence, Cimon / Kimon forced Karystos in Euboea to join the league, conquered the island of Skyros and sent Athenian colonists there.

The first Archbishop of Canterbury was St Augustine ( not to be confused with St Augustine of Hippo ), who arrived in Kent in 597 AD, having been sent by Pope Gregory I on a mission to the English.

Dürer's first painted self-portrait ( now in the Louvre ) was painted at this time, probably to be sent back to his fiancée in Nuremberg.

* War of Canudos ( 1893 – 1897 ): The deadliest rebellion of Brazil, the insurrectionists defeated the first 3 military forces sent to quell the rebellion.

The first vote, allowing voters to elect their local representatives to the Bundestag, decides which candidates are sent to Parliament from the constituencies.

In 2005, Gene Weingarten from The Washington Post was sent a gift of a first edition Barnaby book as an incentive for Watterson's cooperation.

Following Desargues ' thinking, the sixteen-year-old Pascal produced, as a means of proof, a short treatise on what was called the " Mystic Hexagram ", Essai pour les coniques (" Essay on Conics ") and sent it — his first serious work of mathematics — to Père Mersenne in Paris ; it is known still today as Pascal's theorem.

Bose first sent a paper to Einstein on the quantum statistics of light quanta ( now called photons ).

And Burroughs built the backbone switching systems for Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication ( SWIFT ) which sent its first message in 1977.

Having first sent his manuscripts out of the country, Bartók reluctantly emigrated to the U. S. with Ditta Pásztory-Bartók in October that year.

Returning from this first missionary journey to Antioch, they were again sent up to Jerusalem to consult with the church there regarding the relation of Gentiles to the church ( Acts 15: 2 ; Galatians 2: 1 ).