In the Clean Development Mechanism, only afforestation and reforestation are eligible to produce certified emission reductions ( CERs ) in the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol ( 2008 – 2012 ).

# Flexible Mechanisms: The " flexibility " mechanisms which the United States had strongly favored when the Protocol was initially put together, including emissions trading ; Joint Implementation ( JI ); and the Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ) which allow industrialized countries to fund emissions reduction activities in developing countries as an alternative to domestic emission reductions.

* Clean Energy for Planetary Survival: International Development Research Centre

* Clean Development Mechanism, a Kyoto Protocol mechanism to assist developing countries reducing their greenhouse gas emissions

* Program of Activities ( PoA ), is a modality of the UNFCCC Clean Development Mechanism

* Project Design Document, a precise project description which serves as the basis for the CDM ( Clean Development Mechanism ) project evaluation

The United States has signed the Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate, a pact that allows signatory countries to set goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions individually, but with no enforcement mechanism.

He has been involved a variety of eco-business pursuits in the Winnipeg area, including being President of Sustainable Development International, and serving as Chairman of the Manitoba Clean Environment Commission.

He has been a consistent supporter and frequent admirer of George W. Bush and once wrote of his work in creating the Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate:

Cowan was re-elected in the general election of 1981 ( this time defeating Ingebrigtson by around 1350 votes ); the NDP won the election, and he was appointed Minister of Northern Affairs on November 30, 1981, with responsibility for Environmental Management, the Clean Environment Act, the Workers Compensation Act, the Workplace Safety and Health Act, and the Communities Economic Development Fund Act.

* Asia-Pacific Partnership for Clean Development and Climate

* Department of Energy ( Oil for Development, Clean Energy for Development )

At present, projects for anaerobic digestion in the developing world can gain financial support through the United Nations Clean Development Mechanism if they are able to show they provide reduced carbon emissions.

This is reflected in their price ; voluntary units typically have less value than the units sold through the rigorously validated Clean Development Mechanism.

* Under the Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ) a developed country can ' sponsor ' a greenhouse gas reduction project in a developing country where the cost of greenhouse gas reduction project activities is usually much lower, but the atmospheric effect is globally equivalent.

Additionally, offsets generated by a carbon project under the Clean Development Mechanism are potentially limited in value because operators in the EU ETS are restricted as to what percentage of their allowance can be met through these flexible mechanisms.

However it also established the Clean Development Mechanism as a Flexible Mechanism by which capped entities could develop real, measurable, permanent emissions reductions voluntarily in sectors outside the cap.

In 2008, YTL Corp acquired a 75 % stake in the Malaysian-based Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ) developer, YTL-SV Carbon Sdn Bhd ( then known as SV Carbon ), is currently the largest CDM consultancy in Malaysia and the fifth largest in ASEAN with projects in Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and China.

In the Government as Deputy State Secretary Olajos's main responsibilities were: Climate Policy, Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency, Building Retrofitting Programs, Green Innovations and Sustainable Development

Ratified by the NorthWind Power Development Corp and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development through the World Bank Prototype Carbon Fund, the Northwind Bangui Bay Project was the first project in the Philippines to have the Emissions Reduction Purchase Agreement ( ERPA ) under the Clean Development Mechanism.

The Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ) is one of the flexibility mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol ( IPCC, 2007 ) that provides for emissions reduction projects which generate Certified Emission Reduction units which may be traded in emissions trading schemes.

While the C in CDM stands for Clean, most projects might be better defined with the B from Big, from large hydropower to HFC or waste to energy and clean coal projects ( which all together make the majority of credits generated through CDM ) The argument in favor of the CDM is that it brings development to the South but in all continents, the mainly Big Development it stands for is resisted by local people in those countries.

The project was the first in the world to generate Certified Emission Reductions ( CERs ) under the Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ).

* Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM )

As a non-Annex I country, Singapore does not have targets set under KP, but it is eligible to participate in carbon credit exchanges arising from approved Clean Development Mechanism projects conducted in the country.

The protocol established the Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ), which validates and measures projects to ensure they produce authentic benefits and are genuinely " additional " activities that would not otherwise have been undertaken.

These standards include the Voluntary Carbon Standard, Green-e Climate, Chicago Climate Exchange and the CDM Gold Standard, the latter of which expands upon the requirements for the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol.

A Kyoto Certified Emission Reduction unit ( CER ), produced by a carbon project that has been certified by the UNFCCC's Clean Development Mechanism Executive Board, or Emission Reduction Unit ( ERU ) certified by the Joint Implementation project's host country or by the Joint Implementation Supervisory Committee, are accepted by the EU as equivalent.

Potential Inclusion Kyoto's Protocol Clean Development Mechanism -

His 2010 bid for reelection was fraught with legal doubts, as a recent federal statute ( Complementary Law 135 / 2010, commonly known as Lei Ficha Limpa or " Clean Record Act ") allowed electoral courts to refuse to register the candidacies of people already found guilty by a higher, collegiate court ( possibility of further appeals notwithstanding ); however, as the Brazilian STF decided in March 2011 that the " Clean Record Act " didn't apply to the 2010 elections, according to the principle of anteriority ( no offence being punished when defined by a non-previously existing law, and a Brazilian electoral law must be in force at least a year before the election is held ), all charges against Maluf's registration and subsequent office-taking were eventually dropped.

The first emissions trading market was established in the United States by enactment of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990.

He was the author of many tunes covered by later musicians, including the classic " See That My Grave Is Kept Clean ".

The National Environmental Policy Act ( 1969 ), the Clean Air Act ( 1970 ), the Clean Water Act ( 1972 ), and the Endangered Species Act ( 1973 ) all were enacted with broad bipartisan support, and ultimately signed into law by Republican President Richard Nixon.

Richard Nixon himself initially vetoed the Clean Water Act, citing its projected costs, though he was ultimately overridden by Congress.

In the UK, city councils have the power to take action against the owner of any property that has been defaced under the Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003 ( as amended by the Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005 ) or, in certain cases, the Highways Act.

It was followed closely in popularity by the Komeito ( Clean Government Party ), founded in 1964 as the political arm of the Soka Gakkai ( Value Creation Society ), until 1991 a lay organization affiliated with the Nichiren Shoshu Buddhist sect.

The balance was reversed by the effect of the Clean Air Act 1956, and the dark moths became rare again, demonstrating the influence of natural selection on peppered moth evolution.

Among the leading acts were the Real Kids, founded by former Modern Lover John Felice ; Willie Alexander and the Boom Boom Band, whose frontman had been a member of the Velvet Underground for a few months in 1971 ; and Mickey Clean and the Mezz.

Clean, low mileage examples have become extremely scarce and expensive by 2012, and in April 2012, when the Gooding & Company bidding ended and the auctioneer's hammer finally fell, the only 1 Red 968 Turbo RS 350 hp machine had fetched a hefty $ 346, 000 price.

" He also appears briefly in both the 1997 John Woo directed Face / Off ( his single " Christiansands " is also played during his brief cameo ) as well as the 2004 Olivier Assayas film Clean, playing himself, and had a large role in the music video for " Parabol / Parabola " by Tool.

The exhaust is, however, relatively low in NOx emissions, as combustion temperatures are lower than in other engines, and also because of some inherent Exhaust Gas Recirculation-EGR-in early engines ; the higher the combustion temperature is, the higher the NOx emissions are ( sir Harry Ricardo proved in the 20's that for every 1 % increase of the proportion of exhaust gas in the admission mix, there's a 45º F reduction in flame temperature ); this allowed Mazda to meet the United States Clean Air Act of 1970 in 1973 with a simple and inexpensive ' thermal reactor ' ( an enlarged open chamber in the exhaust manifold ) by paradoxically enriching the air-fuel ratio to the point where the unburned hydrocarbons ( HC ) in the exhaust would support complete combustion in the thermal reactor ; while piston-engine cars required expensive catalytic converters to deal with both unburned hydrocarbons and NOx emissions.

# Prototype: Launching of a first " cap-and-trade " system as part of the US Acid Rain Program in Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act, officially announced as a paradigm shift in environmental policy, as prepared by " Project 88 ", a network-building effort to bring together environmental and industrial interests in the US.

Coalitions of NGOs, designers ( Katharine Hamnett, American Apparel, Veja, Quiksilver, eVocal, Edun ,...) and campaign groups like the Clean Clothes Campaign ( CCC ) have sought to improve these conditions as much as possible by sponsoring awareness-raising events, which draw the attention of both the media and the general public to the workers.

Connecticut passed a Clean Elections law in 2005, along with the cities of Portland, Oregon and Albuquerque, New Mexico, although Portland's was repealed by voter initiative in 2010.

" A 2006 study by the Center for Governmental Studies ( an advocate for campaign finance reform ) found that Clean Elections programs resulted in more candidates, more competition, more voter participation, and less influence-peddling.

Also, the Environmental Protection Agency's ( EPA ) Clean Water Act of 1972 provided a public capital investment of $ 40 billion in constructing and upgrading sewage treatment facilities with “ significant positive impacts on the Nation ’ s water quality .” Considered by the National Academy of Engineering to be the greatest engineering achievement of the 20th century, the North American electric grid carries electricity over on high-voltage transmission lines across the U. S. Though currently facing aging facilities and equipment, this public capital investment has ubiquitously reached millions of homes and businesses.

Eugene McCarthy's brief presidential campaign successfully persuaded a significant minority of young adults to " get clean for Gene " by shaving their beards or wearing longer skirts ; however the " Clean Genes " had little impact on the popular image in the media spotlight, of the hirsute hippy adorned in beads, feathers, flowers and bells.

Other co-operative bills enacted during this period included a new Clean Air Act, a bill removing restrictions on off-licences, and a bill to promote agriculture co-operatives passed in 1967, which established " A scheme administered by a new Central Council for Agriculture and Horticulture Co-operation with a budget to organise and promote co-operation with agriculture and horticulture ".

The lawsuit claimed Bunge violated the Clean Air Act by constructing major modifications that increased emissions.

The fuel economy is calculated using the emissions data collected during two of the vehicle's Clean Air Act certification tests by measuring the total volume of carbon captured from the exhaust during the tests.

" New school " bands such as Strung Out, Earth Crisis, Snapcase, Strife, Hatebreed, 108, Integrity and Damnation A. D. dominated the scene in the early 1990s, but towards the end of the decade, a new-found interest in " old school " had developed, represented by bands like Battery, Ten Yard Fight, In My Eyes, Good Clean Fun, H < sub > 2 </ sub > O and Ray Cappo's new band Better Than a Thousand.

The House in the Middle was an American 1954 short documentary film produced by the Federal Civil Defense Administration and the National Clean Up-Paint Up-Fix Up Bureau, which attempted to show that a clean, freshly painted house ( the middle house ) is more likely to survive a nuclear attack than its poorly maintained counterparts ( the right and left houses ).

Clean room design ( also known as the Chinese wall technique ) is the method of copying a design by reverse engineering and then recreating it without infringing any of the copyrights and trade secrets associated with the original design.

Two primary authorities granted to the Army Corps of Engineers by Congress fall under Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act and Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.