In 2001, an article by four doctors in Kidney International, the official journal of the International Society of Nephrology, noted that although to date there had been no controlled studies performed in patients with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease with refractory pain, their personal observation in isolated cases indicated that the Alexander Technique helped relieve patients ' pain, particularly when accompanied with whirlpool treatments and massage therapy.

A tiny minority of patients suffer from refractory disease, which means they do not improve on a gluten-free diet.

During the course of treatment atypical antipsychotics are associated with the following benefits ; higher rate of responders, efficiency in patients with refractory disease, lower risk of suicides, better functional capacity and an improved quality of life.

Tumor necrosis factor promotes the inflammatory response, which, in turn, causes many of the clinical problems associated with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa and refractory asthma.

Invasive haemodynamic monitoring may be useful in eclamptic patients with severe cardiac disease, renal disease, refractory hypertension, pulmonary oedema, and oliguria.

* Isotretinoin ( Accutane ) at low dose 5 mg to 10 mg: As a last resort in refractory disease, sebosuppressive agent isotretinoin ( Accutane ) may be used to reduce sebaceous gland activity.

Strontium ranelate or teriparatide ( Eli Lilly ) are used for refractory disease ; and in postmenopausal women, the SERM raloxifene ( Eli Lilly ) is occasionally administered instead of bisphosphonates.

Several case reports have studied the efficacy of 3 newer antifungal agents in the treatment of disease that is refractory to first-line therapy: posaconazole and voriconazole ( triazole compounds similar in structure to fluconazole ) and caspofungin ( glucan synthesis inhibitor of the echinocandin structural class ). 66, 67 However, these drugs have not been FDA approved, and clinical trials are lacking.

Arsenic trioxide ( As < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 3 </ sub >) is currently being evaluated for treatment of relapsed / refractory disease.

Allogeneic bone marrow or stem cell transplantation are the preferred treatment options for relapsed or refractory disease.

H. cordata injection, a traditional Chinese medicine, is often used to relieve abnormal lung symptoms, infectious disease, refractory hemoptysis and malignant pleural effusion in China.

The case described in this paper is that of an older man who developed disabling muscular weakness while receiving a variety of steroids for a refractory anemia.

Industrially, very pure boron is produced with difficulty, as boron tends to form refractory materials containing small amounts of carbon or other elements.

The effects of this process will remain for a period of time known as the " refractory period ", which can range from a few seconds to some hours while it is slowly reabsorbed back into the synovial fluid.

The refractory period of the AV node is increased, so cardiac glycosides also function to regulate heart rate.

If a person's epilepsy cannot be brought under control after adequate trials of two or three ( experts vary here ) different drugs, that person's epilepsy is generally said to be medically refractory.

The chamber is typically lined with refractory materials, preferably a hard castable refractory ceramic.

When congenital hyperinsulinism is diffuse and refractory to medications, near-total pancreatectomy may be the treatment of last resort, but in this condition is less consistently effective and fraught with more complications.

Hafnium carbide is the most refractory binary compound known, with a melting point over 3890 ° C, and hafnium nitride is the most refractory of all known metal nitrides, with a melting point of 3310 ° C.

The ware is set on a refractory hearth, or plinth, over which a box-shaped cover is then lowered.

The period after orgasm ( known as a refractory period ) is often a relaxing experience, attributed to the release of the neurohormones oxytocin and prolactin.

Amphetamine is also used medically as an adjunct to antidepressants in refractory cases of depression.

The definition of pottery used by ASTM is " all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products.

While outcomes have improved significantly with the use of ACE inhibitors the prognosis is often guarded, as a significant number of patients are refractory to treatment and develop renal failure.

It is part of the refractory metals group, which are widely used as minor component in alloys.

Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although minor amounts are used as alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion.

The process using a basic refractory lining is known as the basic Bessemer process or Gilchrist-Thomas process after the discoverer Sidney Gilchrist Thomas.

The refractory lining of the converter also plays a role in the conversion — the clay lining is used in the acid Bessemer, in which there is low phosphorus in the raw material.

Protein-bound paclitaxel ( e. g., Abraxane ) or nab-paclitaxel was approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) in January 2005 for the treatment of refractory breast cancer.

Drugs used only in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus include paraldehyde ( Paral ), midazolam ( Versed ), and pentobarbital ( Nembutal ).

* Risperidone therapy in treatment refractory acute bipolar and schizoaffective mania.

Another clinical study investigated the effect of bilateral cingulotomy for the treatment of refractory chronic pain.

If levels cannot be brought below 6. 0 mg / dl and there are recurrent attacks, this is deemed treatment failure or refractory gout.

Cardiopulmonary bypass is used if symptoms are refractory to treatment with these drugs.

Patients whose epilepsy is currently uncontrolled by their medication ( i. e., it is refractory to treatment ) are selected to see if supplementing the medication with the new drug leads to an improvement in seizure control.

There is no specific antidote for bupropion ; treatment is supportive, and focuses on maintaining airway patency and controlling seizures with high dose intravenous benzodiazepines or barbiturates if seizures are refractory to benzodiazepines.

There is one published case report of successful treatment of refractory cardiac arrest in overdose of bupropion and lamotrigine using lipid rescue.

* Finally, septic shock is diagnosed if there is refractory hypotension ( low blood pressure that does not respond to treatment ).

The program is a major component of research being conducted by the two institutions with the treatment focus directed toward the chronically refractory and treatment-resistant patient.

* Vella A, Pineda AA, O ' Brien T. Low-density lipoprotein apheresis for the treatment of refractory hyperlipidemia.

As a result, punctate midline myelotomy was introduced around the world as a new surgical procedure for the treatment of visceral pain residual to cancer and refractory to conventional treatment.

In cases of refractory bleeding, balloon tamponade with Sengstaken-Blakemore tube may be necessary, usually as a bridge to further endoscopy or treatment of the underlying cause of bleeding ( usually portal hypertension ).

Nonpharmacologic methods of altering brain function are currently enjoying a period of rapid development, with a resurgence of psychosurgery for the treatment of medication refractory mental illnesses and promising new therapies for neurological and psychiatric illnesses based on deep brain stimulation as well as relatively noninvasive transcranial stimulation methods.

TOS is often the underlying cause of refractory upper limb conditions like frozen shoulder and carpal tunnel syndrome that frequently defy standard treatment protocols.

Epilepsy is considered refractory to treatment when two or three anticonvulsant drugs have failed to control it.

Indications for transplantation include recurrent bacterial cholangitis, jaundice refractory to medical and endoscopic treatment, decompensated cirrhosis and complications of portal hypertension.