According to a meta-analysis published in 2002, approximately 40 % of variation between individuals is explained by differences in genes, and 60 % by differences in environment ( mainly non-shared environmental influences rather than those that would be shared by being raised together ).

According to a meta-analysis and contrary to conventional wisdom, the pooled response rate in the placebo group was 19. 6 %, even lower than in some other medical conditions.

According to a meta-analysis of 12 new-generation antidepressants, sertraline and escitalopram are the best in terms of efficacy and acceptability in the acute-phase treatment of adults with unipolar major depression.

According to a meta-analysis of 27 field studies, general employee participation in his / her own appraisal process was positively correlated with employee reactions to the PA system.

According to a meta-analysis of prospective studies by the Cochrane Collaboration, the appearance of water-soluble contrast in the cecum on an abdominal radiograph within 24 hours of oral administration predicts resolution of an adhesive small bowel obstruction with a pooled sensitivity of 96 % and specificity of 96 %.

According to Harris, a meta-analysis of multiple types of studies should indicate a convergence of evidence and multiple operationalizations.

According to a meta-analysis in the Cochrane Collaboration, two large trials in Russia and Shanghai found no beneficial effects of screening by breast self-examination " but do suggest increased harm in terms of increased numbers of benign lesions identified and an increased number of biopsies performed.

According to Schneider & Bryne ( 1985 ), who conducted a meta-analysis of social skills training procedures ( 51 studies ), operant conditioning procedures for training social skills had the largest effect size, followed by modeling, coaching, and social cognitive techniques.

According to the meta-analysis, use of leukoreduced blood reduced the frequency of post-transfusion infection by 50 %.

According to a 1997 meta-analysis by Harvard Medical School's Division on Addictions, 1. 1 percent of the adult population of the United States and Canada could be called pathological gamblers.

According to a 2002 meta-analysis by Ross et al., the lifetime prevalence of dissociative disorders varies from 10 % in the general population to 46 % in psychiatric inpatients, based on testing using the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders.

According to another source, 18th century Scots writers like Allan Ramsay justified their use of Scots ( instead of English ) by comparing it to the use of Ancient Greek Doric by Theocritus.

According to a systematic review from UC-San Francisco comparing ultrasound vs. CT scan, CT scan is more accurate than ultrasound for the diagnosis of appendicitis in adults and adolescents.

According to Festinger's theory of social comparison people gain self-knowledge and self-awareness by comparing themselves to others.

According to the mathematics of drift, when comparing divergent populations, most of the single-nucleotide differences can be assumed to have accumulated at the same rate as individuals with mutations are born.

According to him, the head was a repetition of the trunk — a kind of second trunk, with its limbs and other appendages ; this sum of his observations and comparisons — few of which he ever gave in detail — ought always to be borne in mind in comparing the share taken by Oken in homological anatomy with the progress made by other cultivators of that philosophical branch of the science.

According to Cole, when REV started, it would play the newly popular Green Day next to old Who songs, comparing and contrasting two different instances of similar music.

According to Rubie-Davis ( 2006 ), by age 10 or 11 children view their academic abilities by comparing themselves to their peers.

According to the Fairness Model, an individual judges the overall " fairness " of a relationship by comparing their inputs and outcomes with an internally derived standard.

According to Michael von Brück, in 1996 Geshe Kelsang was expelled by a number of abbots and Geshes from the community of Sera Je Monastery in a letter " calling him an ' apostate ' and comparing him to ' Mahmud of Ghazni.

According to the book Paramount Pictures and the People Who Made Them, " Critics had a field day comparing the two.

According to Strauss, the Reductio ad Hitlerum is a logical fallacy that consists of trying to refute an opponent's view by comparing it to a view that would be held by Adolf Hitler or the Nazi Party.

According to the poet Adunis, Abu Tammam " started out from a vision of poetry as a sort of creation of the world through language, comparing the relationship between the poet and the word to the relationship between two lovers, and the act of composing poetry to the sexual act.

According to Copeland, a big manufacturer of scroll compressors, scroll compressors have 70 percent fewer moving parts, while comparing with the conventional reciprocating compressors.

According to the book's promotional website, " Basing itself on extensive evidence taken from EWTN ’ s own content, and comparing that content to the perennial belief and practice of the Church, the book shows that EWTN ’ s ' moderately Modernist ' version of the Faith is precisely what St. Pius X had in view when he condemned Modernism in all its forms, including what His Holiness called ' the Modernist as reformer '".

According to Steve Bruce, an exponent of the decline of Christianity in Western Europe, surveys comparing people's ideas about sectarianism with their actual day-to-day personal experience show that the perception of sectarianism is much stronger than its occurrence in reality, and that the city's problems with health, education and social exclusion are of much greater daily concern to most Glaswegians.

According to exhibits filed in 2006 by the plaintiff in the case Comes v. Microsoft, Allchin wrote a memo in January 2004 to Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer that was critical of Microsoft and Longhorn, saying that they had lost their way and comparing them to Apple whom he believed had not.

According to Rose, the news coverage included the Sun newspaper comparing Labour's prospective candidate for Tottenham, Bernie Grant, to an ape, writing that he had given a press conference while peeling a banana and juggling an orange.

According to medieval historian Richard Southern, Bernard is comparing the modern scholar ( 12th century ) to the ancient scholars of Greece and Rome:

According to the Fortis website, Fortis Bank will be the 100 % property of the Belgian government ( from October 5 ) till mid December, at which point a share-swap with BNP Paribas will take place.

According to the " zipper " hypothesis, the complex assembly starts at the N-terminal parts of SNARE motifs and proceeds towards the C-termini that anchor interacting proteins in membranes.

According to Duesberg, common diseases are easily misdiagnosed as AIDS in Africa because " the diagnosis of African AIDS is arbitrary " and does not include HIV testing.

According to the World Health Organisation ( WHO ), over a third of people in most countries report problems at some time in their life which meet criteria for diagnosis of one or more of the common types of mental disorder.

According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, the " deep tension between the Kantian moral imperatives and a Nietzschean diagnosis of the modern cultural world is apparently what gives such a darkly tragic and agnostic shade to Weber's ethical worldview.

According to this view, the law should be geared to culpability not mere psychiatric diagnosis.

" According to these Principles, any gender identity of a transsexual or transgendered person is neither " disorder " nor mental illness, thus the diagnosis " gender identity disorder " can be contradictory and irreverent.

According to research in the social sciences, membership in the deaf community is a matter of culturally determined behaviors and not of medical diagnosis.

According to this theory, diagnosis of metastatic cancers is only possible after the event of metastasis.

According to the Williams Syndrome Association, diagnosis of Williams syndrome begins with recognition of physical symptoms and markers, which is followed by a confirmatory genetic test.

According to the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, there are four symptoms that are used to confirm the diagnosis.

According to the 2007 AHRQ National Inpatient sample, in a projected 129, 164 hospital encounters in the United States, cachexia was listed as at least one of up to 14 listed diagnosis codes, based on a sample of 26, 325 unweighted encounters.

According to Moscow psychiatrist Alexander Danilin, the nosological approach in the Moscow psychiatric school established by Andrei Snezhnevsky ( whom Danilin considered a political offender ) boiled down to the ability to diagnose schizophrenia ; psychiatry was not science, but a system of opinions by which millions of lives were affected by a diagnosis of " sluggish schizophrenia ".

According to revised Jones criteria, the diagnosis of rheumatic fever can be made when two of the major criteria, or one major criterion plus two minor criteria, are present along with evidence of streptococcal infection: elevated or rising antistreptolysin O titre or DNAase.

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition ( DSM IV-TR ), a frequent and widely used guide for the diagnosis of mental disorders, the following symptoms and characteristics are the diagnostic criteria for kleptomania:

According to this diagnosis some parents, especially mothers, harm or even kill their children as a means of calling attention to themselves.

According to DSM-IV diagnosis is mainly clinical including changed behaviors, changes in language and others, using also image exams and neuropsychological tests.

According to the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference ( CHCC ) on the nomenclature of systemic vasculitis ( 1992 ), establishing the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis demands:

According to the DSM IV-TR, the development of the emotional or behavioral symptoms of this diagnosis have to occur within three months of the onset of the identifiable stressor ( s ) Some emotional signs of AD are sadness, hopelessness, lack of enjoyment, crying spells, nervousness, anxiety, worry, desperation, trouble sleeping, difficulty concentrating, feeling overwhelmed and thoughts of suicide.

During the time of diagnosis, Krishnamacharya would look for what “ upset or hindered the harmonious union of the body, mind, and spirit .” According to Krishnamacharya, even though the source or focus of a disease is in a particular area of the body, he assumed that many other systems in the body, both mental and physical, but also be affected.

According to Unani medicine, management of any disease depends upon the diagnosis of disease.

According to Adam Lamparello, whose most appropriate diagnosis was EDNOS despite exercising excessively and eating little more than raw vegetables in his memoir Ten-Mile Morning: My Journal Through Anorexia Nervosa, “ I didn ’ t want to have a junior varsity eating problem .”

According to the same source, the reason why this diagnosis of cirrhosis could not be made available was that, in the mind of the general public, cirrhosis is generally associated with the consequences of alcohol abuse.

" According to CCM's diagnosis, Mormons, Roman Catholics, the Unification Church, United Churches, and hundreds of other new religious groups would also fall within the CCM's definition of being a " cult ".

According to the U. S. National Institute of Health ( NIH ), a blood glucose level below 70mg / dL at the time of symptoms followed by relief after eating confirms a diagnosis for reactive hypoglycemia.