According to Nielsen ( 2008 ) a dictionary may be regarded as a lexicographical product that is characterised by three significant features: ( 1 ) it has been prepared for one or more functions ; ( 2 ) it contains data that have been selected for the purpose of fulfilling those functions ; and ( 3 ) its lexicographic structures link and establish relationships between the data so that they can meet the needs of users and fulfill the functions of the dictionary.

According to Jan-Gustaf Ljunggren, in an article in the Swedish journal Läkartidningen ( 1983 ; No 32-33 ), in the 12th century, Zayn al-Din al-Jurjani, another Muslim physician, provided the first description of Graves ' disease after noting the association of goitre and exophthalmos in his Thesaurus of the Shah of Khwarazm, the major medical dictionary of its time.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, institutionalisation of the word became complete with its first appearance in a dictionary ( 1848 ) and first appearance in an encyclopedia ( 1868 ).

According to the first dictionary of modern Serbian language ( published by Vuk Stefanović-Karadžić in 1818 ) vukodlak / вукодлак ( werewolf ) and vampir / вампир ( vampire ) are synonyms, meaning a man who returns from his grave for purposes of fornicating with his widow.

According to the Japanese dictionary Shogakukan Kokugo Daijiten, " Bushidō is defined as a unique philosophy ( ronri ) that spread through the warrior class from the Muromachi ( chusei ) period.

According to an alternate version cited in the dictionary of Suda, the Meleagrids were companions of Iocallis, a maiden of Leros who was honored as a deity.

According to the dictionary Suda, however, the proverbial expression " Termerian mischief " was due to a fortified dungeon located in Caria near Mount Termerion lying between Myndus and Halicarnassus.

According to the standard Pukui and Elbert Hawaiian dictionary, ' unihipili are the spirits of deceased persons, ' uhane is a soul, spirit or ghost, and ' aumakua are family or personal gods, deified ancestors who might assume the shape of animals.

According to the Monnier-Williams dictionary Samkalpa ( initiative / volition ) is mentioned as a daughter of Daksha.

According to Brewer's dictionary, " The phrase has never been satisfactorily accounted for, but it has been said that cheese was formerly sold in Cheshire moulded like a cat that looked as though it was grinning ".

According to Thomas Blount in his 1656 dictionary " Glossographia ", the origin of the word " Revels " is the French word " reveiller ", to wake from sleep.

According to the Revenge of the Sith Incredible Cross-sections by Dr. Curtis Saxton, and according to the film's visual dictionary, Itchy was involved in the Battle of Kashyyyk as a gunner aboard an Oevvaor jet catamaran in the defense of Kachirho during the Battle of Kashyyyk.

According to the Merriam-Webster's dictionary, ' bagel ' derives from the transliteration of the Yiddish ' beygl ', which came from the Middle High German ' böugel ' or ring, which itself came from ' bouc ' ( ring ) in Old High German, similar to the Old English ' bēag ' ( ring ), and ' būgan ' ( to bend or bow ).

According to Douglas Harper's online etymology dictionary, fork in the meaning of " to divide in branches, go separate ways " has been used as early as 14th century.

According to the Petit Robert dictionary, the name dates to around 1960.

According to a press release, Sultan Sakoon, a prominent Hindko poet, compiled the dictionary.

According to the Duden dictionary, the expression refers to the MPs grouping themselves like sheep behind their respective bellwether ( s ) before re-entering the chamber.

According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary the word assessment comes from the root word assess which is defined as:

According to Merriam Webster's dictionary, however, spindrift derives from a local Scottish pronunciation of speen ( not spoon ), meaning " to drive before a strong wind.

According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, " debunk " is defined as 1.

* According to the American heritage dictionary lavash is of Armenian origin.

According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, the definition of mammy is " a black woman serving as a nurse to white children especially formerly in the southern United States ".

According to the Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster dictionary, the term derives from ' do as in hairdo.

According to the Monier Williams Sanskrit – English Dictionary ( 1899 ), Surabhi means fragrant, charming, pleasing, as well as cow and earth.

According to Monier-Williams ( 1964 ), the etymology of sukha is " said to be su + kha and to mean originally ' having a good axle-hole '...." Thus, for instance, in the Rig Veda sukha denotes " running swiftly or easily " ( applied, e. g., to chariots ).

According to the Monier-Williams Dictionary ( 2006 ), rūpa is defined as:

According to the theory underlying odd-lot indices, the trader who trades odd lots is most likely a small trader, one who can't afford to trade round lots.

According to Viktor Frankl, the author of Man's Search for Meaning, when a person is faced with extreme mortal dangers, the most basic of all human wishes is to find a meaning of life to combat the " trauma of nonbeing " as death is near.

According to official data, in 2007, a record-high 500, 000 tourists visited Armenia — most of them ethnic Armenians from Europe, Russia and the United States.

According to fellow folk singer Joan Baez, it was one of the most requested songs from her audiences, but she never realized its origin as a hymn ; by the time she was singing it in the 1960s she said it had " developed a life of its own ".

According to an interview she gave to an Egyptian journalist, her first name was Yvonne, though she is referred to as Yvette in most published references.

According to the Fraser Institute, Alberta has very high levels of economic freedom and rates Alberta as the most free economy in Canada, and second most free economy amongst U. S. states and Canadian provinces.

According to most Muslim scholars, the Ark of the Covenant has a religious basis in Islam, and Islam gives it special significance.

According to a 2008 television programme, presented by Griff Rhys Jones, “ the flame has only been extinguished once, by a drunken Mexican football supporter on the night that France beat Brazil here in Paris ,” most likely referring to the 1998 FIFA World Cup Final.

According to the standard modern text on the work, Lamar Ronald Lacey's The Myth of Aktaion: Literary and Iconographic Studies, the most likely original version of the myth is that Actaeon was the hunting companion of the goddess who, seeing her naked in her sacred spring, attempts to force himself on her.

According to Hippolytus of Rome ( Philosophumena, VII, xxiii ) Theodotus taught that Jesus was a man born of a virgin, according to the Council of Jerusalem, that he lived like other men, and was most pious ; but that at his baptism in the Jordan the " Christ " came down upon the man Jesus in the likeness of a dove.

Meteorologists ( and most of the temperate countries in the southern hemisphere ) use a definition based on months, with autumn being September, October and November in the northern hemisphere, According to United States tradition, autumn runs from the day after Labor Day ( i. e. the Tuesday following the first Monday of September ) through Thanksgiving ( i. e. the fourth Thursday in November ), after which the holiday season that demarcates the unofficial beginning of winter begins.

According to one witness, " the public received the musical hero with the utmost respect and sympathy, listened to his wonderful, gigantic creations with the most absorbed attention and broke out in jubilant applause, often during sections, and repeatedly at the end of them.

According to the Foreign & Commonwealth Office, " Problems associated with drug trafficking are potentially the most serious threat to stability in the BVI ".

According to the most recent measurements and observations, the Big Bang occurred approximately 13. 75 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the Universe.

According to family tradition, the family had included one of the most prolific Rococo painters of the ancien régime, Fragonard, whose handling of color and expressive, confident brushwork influenced later painters.

According to a 2003 study undertaken by the International Diabetes Federation ( IDF ) on the access to and availability of insulin in its member countries, synthetic ' human ' insulin is considerably more expensive in most countries where both synthetic ' human ' and animal insulin are commercially available: e. g. within European countries the average price of synthetic ' human ' insulin was twice as high as the price of pork insulin.

According to Grayson Lee, who created the snow penis sculpture in 2007, most of its residents were " heartbroken " to leave.

According to the Corporate Library's study, the average size of publicly traded company's board is 9. 2 members, and most boards range from 3 to 31 members.

According to the United States Census Bureau the city's area includes of land and ( 40. 83 %) water, most of it part of San Francisco Bay.

According to the most recent classification scheme, the APG III of 2009, the order includes five families: Commelinaceae, Haemodoraceae, Hanguanaceae, Philydraceae, and Pontederiaceae.

According to one historical account, aboriginal tribes of Australia were " most certainly cannibals ", and would willingly eat anyone who was killed in a fight ; they would also eat men famed for their fighting ability who had died natural deaths "... out of pity and consideration for the body ".

According to the Botanical Society of the British Isles ' most recent Atlas, there has been only one confirmed record since 2000.

According to utilitarianism, a good action is one that results in an increase in pleasure, and the best action is one that results in the most pleasure for the greatest number.

According to a 2004 French study conducted by INSERM, cognitive behavioral therapy was the most effective therapy when compared with psychoanalysis and family or couples therapy.