According to Bernard Williams, Moore's use of the phrase ' naturalistic fallacy ' to describe this particular kind of meta-ethical thinking was a ' spectacular misnomer '; Williams contending that it is not properly either naturalistic or a fallacy.

According to him, people from the Western pluralistic civilization are more prone to this fallacy because they used to resolve problems by making compromises and accept alternative interpretations, unlike Russians who are looking for the absolute truth.

* The is-ought problem and the naturalistic fallacy: According to David Hume, it is hard to see how moral propositions featuring the relation ought could ever be deduced from ordinary is propositions, such as " the being of a God ".

According to this definition, the planning fallacy results in not only time overruns, but also cost overruns and benefit shortfalls.

According to Strauss, the Reductio ad Hitlerum is a logical fallacy that consists of trying to refute an opponent's view by comparing it to a view that would be held by Adolf Hitler or the Nazi Party.

According to Strauss, Reductio ad Hitlerum is a form of ad hominem or ad misericordiam, a fallacy of irrelevance, and a variation on reductio ad absurdum, in which a conclusion is suggested based solely on something's or someone's origin rather than its current meaning.

According to philosopher G. E. Moore ( see above ) all systems of naturalistic ethics, including normative evolutionary ethics, do commit the naturalistic fallacy.

According to Steven H Silver, alternate history requires three things: 1 ) the story must have a point of divergence from the history of our world prior to the time at which the author is writing, 2 ) a change that would alter history as it is known, and 3 ) an examination of the ramifications of that change.

According to Theravada commentaries, there are five requisite factors that must all be fulfilled for an act to be both an act of killing and to be karmically negative.

According to these models, a necessary ( but not sufficient ) condition for the occurrence of amorphous phases is that T < sub > h </ sub > has to be smaller than 0. 3, that is the deposition temperature must be below 30 % of the melting temperature.

According to the IRS, " The fair market value of goods and services exchanged must be included in the income of both parties.

According to Maimonides, the correct view of providence lies with Elihu, who teaches Job that one must examine his religion ().

According to Vere Gordon Childe, for a settlement to qualify as a city, it must have enough surplus of raw materials to support trade and a relatively large population.

According to Carrom rules, the powder must be of high quality to keep the surface smooth and dry, and shall not be wet.

According to Manuel Pedro Ferreira, a scholar on the Cantigas, the music found in the Cantigas cannot be classified as Arabic, but instead must be classified as " Moorish-Andalusian ".

According to ANSI Standard 1100, a professional certifying organization must meet two requirements:

According to the laws of Canada, a Canadian whisky must be mashed, distilled and aged in Canada.

According to Christian Tradition and Canon Law, the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria only ordains men to the priesthood and episcopate, and if they wish to be married, they must be married before they are ordained.

According to this view, either it is very hard for intelligent life to arise, or the lifetime of such civilizations must be relatively short.

According to the theory that knowledge is justified true belief, in order to know that a given proposition is true, one must not only believe the relevant true proposition, but one must also have a good reason for doing so.

According to the present view of the situation, quantum mechanics flatly contradicts Einstein's philosophical postulate that any acceptable physical theory must fulfill " local realism ".

According to Eoin O ' Duffy, an Irish national corporatist, " before everything we must give a national lead to our people ... The first essential is national unity.

According to the usul al-fiqh ( principles of jurisprudence ), the fatwā must meet the following conditions in order to be valid:

According to the Free Software Foundation, " freeware " is a loosely defined category and it has no clear accepted definition, although FSF says it must be distinguished from free software ( libre ).

According to Fichte, transcendental philosophy can explain that the world must have space, time, and causality, but it can never explain why objects have the particular sensible properties they happen to have or why I am this determinate individual rather than another.

According to Kelly: "... when you are involved in doing choreography for film you must have expert assistants.

According to Niebuhr " this pestilence must have raged with incredible fury ; it carried off innumerable victims.

According to some historians, he was the leader of the army who won the great Battle of Naissus, while the majority believes that the victory must be attributed to his successor Claudius II.

According to ICANN policy, a domain registrant must agree to be bound by the UDRP — they cannot get a domain name without agreeing to this.

According to the Talmud, the Midrash, and the Kabbalistic work, the Zohar, the ' deadline ' by which the Messiah must appear is 6000 years from creation.

According to Hosea Ballou, then Pierre Batiffol ( 1911 ) and George T. Knight ( 1914 ) Amalric was a believer that all people would eventually be saved and this was one of the counts upon which he was declared a heretic by Pope Innocent III.

According to the " kindling " hypothesis, when people who are genetically predisposed toward bipolar disorder experience stressful events, the stress threshold at which mood changes occur becomes progressively lower, until the episodes eventually start ( and recur ) spontaneously.

According to Moodysson, the problem with the original title started when the film was Sweden's candidate for the Academy Awards, though it was eventually not chosen as a nominee: the Hollywood industry magazine Variety refused to run an advertisement for a film with that title, and thus American distributor Strand Releasing asked for a new title to be chosen.

" According to Carr, an important advantage was that " if Soviet Russia had eventually to fight Hitler, the Western Powers would already be involved.

According to former ABC News correspondent Sam Donaldson, when the President heard of this treatment, he demanded — and eventually received — Regan's resignation.

According to the theory, as the Universe cooled after the big bang it eventually became possible for common subatomic particles as we know them ( neutrons, protons and electrons ) to exist.

This would not resolve the paradox given the following argument: According to the laws of thermodynamics, the intermediate matter must eventually heat up ( or cool down, if it was initially hotter ) until it is in thermal equilibrium with the surrounding stars.

According to this view, the mere existence of billions of humans overstresses the ecology of the planet, eventually leading to a Malthusian collapse.

According to this interpretation, the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics is not a temporary feature which will eventually be replaced by a deterministic theory, but instead must be considered a final renunciation of the classical idea of " causality ".

According to the BMDO, the research on neutral particle beam accelerators, which was originally funded by the SDIO, could eventually be used to reduce the half-life of nuclear waste products using accelerator-driven transmutation technology.

Time magazine in 1983 published reports of human rights violations in an article which stated that " According to Nicaragua's Permanent Commission on Human Rights, the regime detains several hundred people a month ; about half of them are eventually released, but the rest simply disappear.

According to Thucydides, who wrote within living memory of the events, the ship eventually landed safely at Ephesus, where Themistocles disembarked.

According to Durkheim, fashion serves to differentiate between lower classes and upper classes, but because lower classes want to look like the upper classes, they will eventually adapt the upper class fashion, depreciating it, and forcing the upper class to adopt a new fashion.

According to A Brief History of the Caribbean ( Jan Rogozinski, Penguin Putnam, Inc September 2000 ), European and African diseases, malnutrition and slavery eventually destroyed the vast majority of the Caribbean's native population.

According to the Aeneid, the survivors from the fallen city of Troy banded together under Aeneas, underwent a series of adventures around the Mediterranean Sea, including a stop at newly founded Carthage under the rule of Queen Dido, and eventually reached the Italian coast.

According to Ovid, Proetus ended up changed into stone by Perseus, the grandson of Acrisius ( who had eventually got expelled by Proetus ), upon being made by him to see the head of Medusa.

According to the later hagiographical literature, Theodore received an education befitting his family's station, and from the age of seven was instructed by a private tutor, eventually concentrating in particular on theology.

According to SWIFT's public information database on the subject, RMA software should eventually prove more secure and easier to keep up-to-date ; however, converting to the RMA system meant that thousands of banks around the world had to update their international payments systems to comply with the new standards.

According to Asser, a monk from St David's, Dyfed, several kingdoms of Wales submitted ( including eventually those ruled by the sons of Rhodri Mawr ) to Alfred.

According to the later folk image, Boone the trailblazer was too unsophisticated for the civilization which followed him and which eventually defrauded him of his land.

According to Turner Classic Movies, the film cost $ 35, 000 to produce ( roughly between $ 1, 600, 000 and $ 3, 300, 000 adjusted to 2007 dollars ) and its profits eventually amounted to almost $ 1 million ( roughly $ 46, 000, 000 to $ 95, 000, 000 ).

According to Eusebius, this turned what appeared to be a committed Christian into a man who feigned sympathy for the sect but who eventually exposed his true bloodthirsty pagan nature, only to be stopped by the virtuous Constantine.

According to the bootlegged album of the songs recorded at Kinfauns, George Harrison's Esher home, these include Lennon's " Look at Me " and " Child of Nature ", eventually reworked as " Jealous Guy "; McCartney's " Junk " and " Teddy Boy "; and Harrison's " Not Guilty " and " Circles.

According to an obituary of CBS's lawyer, CBS eventually won the case.