The underlying assumption, of course, is that only sight and touch enable us, in any precise and fully dependable way, to locate objects in space beyond us, the other senses being decidedly inferior, if not totally inadequate, in this regard.

Central to his behaviour in the later novels is the underlying assumption that particular crimes are only committed by particular types of people.

His General Introduction says " There are no ' verbs ' in Basic English ", with the underlying assumption that, as noun use in English is very straightforward but verb use / conjugation is not, the elimination of verbs would be a welcome simplification.

Most predictions of forestry related biodiversity loss are based on species-area models, with an underlying assumption that as the forest declines species diversity will decline similarly.

The surface / phonological distinction is only descriptive, and devoid of any etiological assumption as to the underlying brain mechanisms.

Cross-cultural psychiatrist Arthur Kleinman contends that the Western bias is ironically illustrated in the introduction of cultural factors to the DSM-IV: the fact that disorders or concepts from non-Western or non-mainstream cultures are described as " culture-bound ", whereas standard psychiatric diagnoses are given no cultural qualification whatsoever, is to Kleinman revelatory of an underlying assumption that Western cultural phenomena are universal.

In order to better understand the world of appearances and objects, phenomenology attempts to identify the invariant features of how objects are perceived and pushes attributions of reality into their role as an attribution about the things we perceive ( or an assumption underlying how we perceive objects ).

Thompson's underlying assumption is that of a country minimally committed to the rule of law and better governance.

This includes not only its selection of animal badges for Cub Scouts, but the underlying assumption that American native peoples are more closely connected with nature and therefore have special wilderness survival skills which can be used as part of the training program.

The basic assumption group describes the tacit underlying assumptions on which the behaviour of the group is based.

If the computational Diffie – Hellman assumption holds in the underlying cyclic group, then the encryption function is one-way.

He questioned the underlying assumption that the Masoretic text must be more authentic simply because it has been more widely accepted as the authoritative Hebrew version of the Pentateuch:

When summarizing, Justice Brown declared, " We consider the underlying fallacy of the plaintiff's argument to consist in the assumption that the enforced separation of the two races stamps the colored race with a badge of inferiority.

Econometric forecasting methods use the assumption that it is possible to identify the underlying factors that might influence the variable that is being forecast.

It can be argued that Platonism somehow comes as a necessary assumption underlying any mathematical work.

The discrepancy between reality and the assumption underlying a levy system is growing as " web 2. 0 " matures, with pervasive user-supplied content, from Wikipedia to YouTube.

By contrast to the notion of civil tolerance, in early modern Europe the subjects were required to attend the state church ; This attitude can be described as territoriality or religious uniformity, and its underlying assumption is brought to a point by a statement of the Anglican theologian Richard Hooker: " There is not any man of the Church of England but the same man is also a member of the commonwealth ; nor any man a member of the commonwealth, which is not also of the Church of England.

With this basic assumption underlying their calculations, the valuations produced serve to reinforce gender inequalities rather than challenge women's subordination.

From a theoretical standpoint, the main assumption of the Kalman filter is that the underlying system is a linear dynamical system and that all error terms and measurements have a Gaussian distribution ( often a multivariate Gaussian distribution ).

Evolutionary algorithms often perform well approximating solutions to all types of problems because they ideally do not make any assumption about the underlying fitness landscape ; this generality is shown by successes in fields as diverse as engineering, art, biology, economics, marketing, genetics, operations research, robotics, social sciences, physics, politics and chemistry.

The two-sector surplus model, which was developed in the 1950s, has been further criticized for its underlying assumption that predominantly agrarian societies suffer from a surplus of labor.

The underlying assumption that there is a potential for increased collaboration between industry and universities is also underlined in much of the current innovation literature.

An underlying assumption of the Five Principles was that newly independent states after decolonization would be able to develop a new and more principled approach to international relations.

Some forecasting methods use the assumption that it is possible to identify the underlying factors that might influence the variable that is being forecast.

Bennett, Bernstein, Brassard, and Vazirani proved in 1996 that a brute-force key search on a quantum computer cannot be faster than roughly 2 < sup > n / 2 </ sup > invocations of the underlying cryptographic algorithm, compared with roughly 2 < sup > n </ sup > in the classical case.

It has been proven that applying Grover's algorithm to break a symmetric ( secret key ) algorithm by brute force requires roughly 2 < sup > n / 2 </ sup > invocations of the underlying cryptographic algorithm, compared with roughly 2 < sup > n </ sup > in the classical case, meaning that symmetric key lengths are effectively halved: AES-256 would have the same security against an attack using Grover's algorithm that AES-128 has against classical brute-force search ( see Key size ).

A few thousand PCs working for a few years could solve a problem requiring 2 < sup > 64 </ sup > calculations, but no amount of traditional computing power will solve a problem requiring 2 < sup > 128 </ sup > operations ( which is about what would be required to brute-force the encryption keys in 128-bit SSL commonly used in web browsers, assuming the underlying ciphers remain secure ).

Although galvanizing will inhibit attack of the underlying steel, rusting will be inevitable, especially if exposed to the natural acidity of rain.

It has been frequently found that those Type 1 diabetics found " dead in bed " in the morning after suspected severe hypoglycemia had some underlying coronary pathology that led to an induced fatal heart attack.

Instead, it may be that other underlying factors, like genes, diet and exercise, affect both HDL levels and the likelihood of having a heart attack ; it is possible that medicines may affect the directly measurable factor, HDL levels, without affecting the chance of heart attack.

In particular, a digitally signed contract may be questioned when a new attack on the cryptography underlying the signature is discovered.

Its underlying political agenda is the succession of Mary Queen of Scots to the English throne, but its most outstanding feature is an allround attack on the Earl of Leicester.

There is often a particular underlying problem that has led to the DKA episode ; this may be intercurrent illness ( pneumonia, influenza, gastroenteritis, a urinary tract infection ), pregnancy, inadequate insulin administration ( e. g. defective insulin pen device ), myocardial infarction ( heart attack ), stroke or the use of cocaine.

Although most consider that this mindset usefully served to prevent an attack by either country, the assumptions underlying deterrence theory have made assessments of the efficacy of the Cold War mindset a matter of some controversy.

Therefore, according to this study, in order to effectively combat claustrophobia, it is necessary to attack both of these underlying causes.

Although not a sizable attack compared to email worms of the time, the fact that almost all existing installations of IE — 95 % of web browsers in use at the time — were vulnerable, and that this was the latest in a series of IE holes leaving the underlying operating system vulnerable, caused a notable wave of concern in the press.

The underlying cryptosystem is IND-CPA ( and thus semantically secure under chosen plaintext attack ) if the adversary cannot determine which of the two messages was chosen by the oracle, with probability significantly greater than ( the success rate of random guessing ).

Dry etching is used in conjunction with photolithographic techniques to attack certain areas of a semiconductor surface in order to form recesses in material, such as contact holes ( which are contacts to the underlying semiconductor substrate ) or via holes ( which are holes that are formed to provide an interconnect path between conductive layers in the layered semiconductor device ) or to otherwise remove portions of semiconductor layers where predominantly vertical sides are desired.

That reaction, and Christie's exaggeration of the effects of the attack, stemmed from an underlying personality disorder that caused him to exaggerate or feign illness as a ploy to get attention and sympathy.

* On November 14, 2007, the FDA added a boxed warning to the diabetes medication Avandia ( rosiglitazone ), citing the risk of heart failure or heart attack to patients with underlying heart disease, or are at a high heart attack risk.

By analyzing the patch, exploitation developers can more easily figure out how to exploit the underlying vulnerability, and attack the systems that have not been patched.

Debate existed from the start among the board members as to whether LSC's role should be the OEO's one of using lawsuits and other means to attack broad underlying difficulties of the poor, or whether the focus should be more narrowly defined to addressing small, specific situations.

Biblical scholars also believe that this right was the context underlying the account in the Books of Kings of Joab and Adonijah each fleeing from Solomon to an altar, with their opponents being unwilling to attack them while they remained there ; textual scholars regard these passages as being part of the Court History of David, which they date to the 9th century BC, or earlier.