A shock wave from Africa

William John Macquorn Rankine and Pierre Henri Hugoniot independently developed the theory for flow properties before and after a shock wave.

Thus, when the fluid finally does strike the object, it is forced to change its properties -- temperature, density, pressure, and Mach number -- in an extremely violent and irreversible fashion called a shock wave.

Hypersonic flow is characterized by high temperature flow behind a shock wave, viscous interaction, and chemical dissociation of gas.

In physical terms, a supersonic shock wave initiates from the point of contact.

As this shock wave expands, it decelerates and compresses the impactor, and it accelerates and compresses the target.

Stress levels within the shock wave far exceed the strength of solid materials ; consequently, both the impactor and the target close to the impact site are irreversibly damaged.

Many other shock-related changes take place within both impactor and target as the shock wave passes through, and some of these changes can be used as diagnostic tools to determine whether particular geological features were produced by impact cratering.

The damage produced by the shock wave raises the temperature of the material.

As well as being heated, the target near the impact is accelerated by the shock wave, and it continues moving away from the impact behind the decaying shock wave.

Contact, compression, decompression, and the passage of the shock wave all occur within a few tenths of a second for a large impact.

This term is used to describe an explosive phenomenon whereby the decomposition is propagated by an explosive shock wave traversing the explosive material.

Laser-and arc-heating are used in laser detonators, exploding-bridgewire detonators, and exploding foil initiators, where a shock wave and then detonation in conventional chemical explosive material is created by laser-or electric-arc heating.

The decomposition is propagated by a flame front ( deflagration ) which travels much more slowly through the explosive material than a shock wave of a high explosive.

Blast doors are designed to absorb the shock wave of a nuclear blast, bending and then returning to their original shape.

The shock wave from the explosion was recorded on barographs around the globe.

The blast from a nuclear bomb is the result of X-ray-heated air ( the fireball ) sending a shock / pressure wave in all directions at a velocity greater than the speed of sound ( aka, the " Mach-Stem "), analogous to thunder generated by lightning.

The blast sent out a hyper-intensified shock wave which travelled at ( slightly above ) the speed of sound, turning buildings into shrapnel.

Astronomers speculate that this phenomenon is caused by the shock wave from a supernova.

The probe causes the sun to go supernova, sending a shock wave towards the observatory.

The Veridian sun collapses and Soran and Picard are transported to the Nexus before the shock wave annihilates the planet.

It comes as a great shock to the entire town that Zosima's body not only decays, but begins the process almost immediately following his death.

Strong X-ray emission traces the strong shock waves and hot shocked gas.

Fantine ( who'd been told by the doctors that Valjean, who'd been at the trial, had been getting her daughter ) was shocked to find that her daughter was not there already and that her savior was being arrested, and died of shock ( her body had been greatly weakened by her poor living conditions and long illness, probably tuberculosis ).

In Screamer magazine Michaels explained how Flesh and Blood signaled a change in the band: " I think that the same way that we shocked people in the beginning with the look, this one might shock them with the music a little bit.

The key evidence was the presence of coesite ( shocked quartz ), which, in unmetamorphosed rocks can only be formed by the shock pressures associated with meteorite impact.

When the nobles were told the extent of the debt, they were shocked ; however, the shock did not motivate them to rally behind the plan – but to reject it.

People are shocked when some event from prehistory intrudes upon their current lives ; Wood likens the shock of this intrusion to an expulsion from the Garden of Eden.

A common injury that occurs when one is shocked is actually to be injured not as much by the shock itself, but when the victim's hand or arm is thrown back against other internal components in the display device.

At first Patty is shocked, but her shock quickly turns to outrage, and she angrily berates Charlie Brown for the " meal.

Dean, famed for his remarkable heading ability touched his hat and nodded to Scott as they were about to pass only for Scott to respond by diving as if to try to save an imaginary header, much to the initial shock and then delight of the locals who witnessed it while a mildly shocked Dean smiled and quietly continued on his walk.

Raghunath Sing was deeply shocked at the pre-mature death of his eldest son and this shock led him to death in 1540 A. D. After the death of Raghunath Sing his second son Chitra Sing became the king of Bagri.

Stishovite may also be synthesized by duplicating these conditions in the laboratory, either isostatically or through shock ( see shocked quartz )

An aftershock is in the same region of the main shock but always of a smaller magnitude.

In the region behind the shock (" magnetosheath ") the velocity drops briefly to the Alfvén velocity ( and the temperature rises, absorbing lost kinetic energy ), but the velocity soon rises back as plasma is dragged forward by the surrounding solar wind flow.

* Heliosheath, the region of the heliosphere beyond the termination shock

The gas falling toward this opaque region creates shock waves that further heat the core.

The region between the termination shock and the heliopause acts as a barrier to cosmic rays, decreasing the flux at lower energies by about 90 %.

In August 2009 Voyager 1 was over 16. 5 terameters ( 16. 5 meters, or 16. 5 km, 110. 7 AU, or 10. 2 billion miles ) from the Sun, and thus had entered the heliosheath region between the solar wind's termination shock and the heliopause ( the limit of the solar wind ).

The fall of Sardis was a major shock to the powers of the region ; the Greek poets Callinus and Archilochus recorded the fear that it inspired in the Greek colonies of Ionia, some of which were attacked by Cimmerian and Treres raiders.

Voyager 1 has entered the heliosheath, the region beyond the termination shock.

At the region where this occurs sound waves traveling against the flow reach a point where they cannot travel any further upstream and the pressure progressively builds in that region, and a high pressure shock wave rapidly forms.

It was a real shock for the southern press because Salvador is in the Northeast, the poorest region of Brazil, and the victory was over Internacional, a team from southern Brazil, the region that has the highest Human Development Index of the country.

Often multiple hotspots are seen, reflecting either continued outflow after the shock or movement of the jet termination point: the overall hotspot region is sometimes called the hotspot complex.

The deforestation is a big problem in this department because of the continuous advance of the human activity, creating a great shock to the natural resources of the region.

Realizing that any strong emotion, such as fear before operation, produced shock, he attempted to allay dread by psychic suggestion, also endeavouring to prevent the subjective shock which affects the patient, even when under general anaesthesia, by first anaesthetizing the operative region with cocaine for several days, if necessary, before operating.

The bump spread as three distinct shock waves, resembling a small earthquake throughout the region, alerting residents on the surface over a wide area to the disaster.

However, data in 2012 from NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer ( IBEX ) and corroborated with results from the Voyagers, has found that due to refinements in the relative speed of the heliosphere and the local interstellar magnetic field strength it is believed the heliosphere is prevented from forming a bow shock in the region of our galaxy our sun is currently passing through.

The economy of the region was slow to recover from this shock.

Then the final shock to subsonic speed is oblique with the subsonic region moving from the outside of the vortex to the inside.

Near an expanding H II region is a dense H I region, separated from the undisturbed H I region by a shock front and from the H II region by an ionization front.