The Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar a grandson of Aurangzeb, is also known to have sent a letter to the Ottomans bu this time it was received by the Grand Vizier Nevşehirli Damad Ibrahim Pasha providing a graphic description of the informing him of the efforts of the Mughal commander Syed Hassan Ali Khan Barha against the Rajput and Maratha rebellion.

Zāhir ud-Dīn Mohammad Bābur, who founded the Mughal dynasty of South Asia kept a journal Bāburnāma ( Chagatai /; literally: " Book of Babur " or " Letters of Babur ") which was written between 1493 and 1529.

The city was conquered by the Mughal emperor Akbar in 1559.

Magazine, the city's Museum, was once the residence of Prince Salīm, the son of the Emperor Akbar, and presently houses a collection of Mughal and Rajput armour and sculpture.

In 1749, the Mughal ruler was induced to cede Sindh, the Punjab region and the important trans Indus River to Ahmad Shah in order to save his capital from Afghan attack.

The Mughal power in northern India had been declining since the reign of Aurangzeb, who died in 1707 ; In 1751-52, Ahamdiya treaty was signed between the Marathas and Mughals, when Balaji Bajirao was the Peshwa.

Through this treaty, the Marathas controlled virtually the whole of India from their capital at Pune and Mughal rule was restricted only to Delhi ( the Mughals remained the nominal heads of Delhi ).

Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur ( 14 February 148326 December 1530 ; sometimes also spelt Baber or Babar ) was a conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty in the Indian Subcontinent and became the first Mughal emperor.

Jaivana | Jaivan Cannon-World's largest Cannon on wheels, which was cast in India during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah by his Kiladar, Jai Singh II.

According to Edward Barlow, a captain employed by the English East India Company, Kidd attacked a Mughal convoy here under escort by Barlow's East Indiaman, and was repelled.

The government led by Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, conferred the additional title upon her by an Act of Parliament, reputedly to assuage the monarch's irritation at being, as a mere Queen, notionally inferior to her own daughter ( Princess Victoria was the wife of the reigning German Emperor ); the Indian Imperial designation was also formally justified as the expression of Britain succeeding as paramount ruler of the subcontinent the former Mughal ' Padishah of Hind ', using indirect rule through hundreds of princely states formally under protection, not colonies, but accepting the British Sovereign as their suzerain.

The post-Mughal era was dominated by the rise of the Maratha suzerainty as other small regional states ( mostly late Mughal tributary states ) emerged, and also by the increasing activities of European powers ( see colonial era below ).

There is no doubt that the single most important power to emerge in the long twilight of the Mughal dynasty was the Maratha Empire.

In 1617 the British East India Company was given permission by Mughal Emperor Jahangir to trade in India.

Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun (; full title: Al-Sultan al -' Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram, Jam-i-Sultanat-i-haqiqi wa Majazi, Sayyid al-Salatin, Abu ' l Muzaffar Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun Padshah Ghazi, Zillu ' llah ; OS 7 March 1508 – OS 17 January 1556 ) was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530 – 1540 and again from 1555 – 1556.

The Zamburak ( Camel gun ) was introduced from Persia as a major weapon in the Mughal Empire by Humayun.

Humayun was made aware that the Sultan of Gujarat was planning an assault on the Mughal territories with Portuguese aid.

The major part of the Mughal army, the artillery, was now immobile, and Humayun decided to engage in some diplomacy using Muhammad Aziz as ambassador.

It was the 7th Cavalry whose troopers were charged with guarding the Imperial Palace of the Emperor.

This circular edifice, constructed by Agrippa in B.C. 27, was rebuilt in its present shape by the Emperor Hadrian.

The great column from which the square takes its name was erected by the Emperor Marcus Aurelius.

Among the many severe measures taken by the First Emperor, Shih Huang-ti, in his efforts to insure the continuation of this hard-won national unity, was the burning of the books in 213 B.C., with the expressed intention of removing possible sources for divergent thinking ; ;

It was pleasant last night, therefore, to hear him do something else: a concerto he has recently recorded, `` The Emperor ''.

In three arduous campaigns, the first two of which were conducted by the emperor himself while the third was directed by Manuel Comnenos ( great-uncle of Emperor Manuel Comnenos ), the Turks were defeated in detail in 1070 and driven across the Euphrates.

Emperor Romanos IV was himself taken prisoner and conducted into the presence of Alp Arslan, who treated him with generosity, and, terms of peace having been agreed to, dismissed him, loaded with presents and respectfully attended by a military guard.

Antoninus Pius (; born 19 September 86AD – died 7 March 161AD ), also known as Antoninus, was Roman Emperor from 138AD to 161AD.

He was next appointed by the Emperor Hadrian as one of the four proconsuls to administer Italia, then greatly increased his reputation by his conduct as proconsul of Asia, probably during 134 – 135.

One of his first acts as Emperor was to persuade the Senate to grant divine honours to Hadrian, which they had at first refused ; his efforts to persuade the Senate to grant these honours is the most likely reason given for his title of Pius ( dutiful in affection ; compare pietas ).

Augustus (, September 23, 63 BC – August 19, 14 AD ) was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD.

He was succeeded as Emperor by his adopted son ( also stepson and former son-in-law ) Tiberius.

Perisapora was captured and destroyed by Emperor Julian in 363, but speedily rebuilt.

He was a very popular political figure, and since he was the Governor in the effective capital in the Roman West, he was a recognizable figure in the court of the Emperor Valentinian I. Ambrose never married.

He went, his eloquence in defense of the Church reportedly overawed the ministers of Emperor Valentinian, so he was permitted to retire without making the surrender of the churches.

The imperial court was displeased with the religious principles of Ambrose, however his aid was soon solicited by the Emperor.

By 100 Trajan was back in Rome as Emperor instead of merely being a Consul.

Their most famous battle against Rome took place in Argentoratum ( Strasbourg ), in 357, where they were defeated by Julian, later Emperor of Rome, and their king Chnodomarius was taken prisoner to Rome.

Charles, anxious to secure such a famous fighter, gladly assented to Albert's demands and gave the imperial sanction to his possession of the lands taken from the bishops of Würzburg and Bamberg ; and his conspicuous bravery was of great value to the Emperor on the retreat from Metz in January 1553.

The dispute was referred to Emperor Charles V and other princes, but as no settlement was reached Albert continued his efforts to obtain help in view of a renewal of the war.

The city remained a Free Imperial City, subject to the Emperor only, but was politically far too weak to influence the policies of any of its neighbours.

* 1978 – Mir Akbar Khyber was assassinated, provoking a communist coup d ' état in Afghanistan.

Abadeh airport ( OISA ) was planned to be built in Akbar Hashemi Rafsenjani's presidential period.

Liaquat Ali Khan, the first Prime Minister of Pakistan, was assassinated by Saad Akbar, a lone assassin, in 1951.

He was introduced to Marxism by Mir Akbar Khyber during his imprisonment for activities deemed too radical by the government.

His grandson Akbar was enthroned at the age of fourteen when Humayun died in 1556.

As disillusionment set in, in 1978 a prominent member of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan ( PDPA ), Mir Akbar Khyber ( or " Kaibar "), was killed by the government.

The famous emperor Akbar, who was the grandson of Babar, tried to establish a good relationship with the Hindus.

Akbar the Great was particularly famed for this.

Subsequently, in a very short time, Humayun was able to expand the Empire further, leaving a substantial legacy for his son, Akbar.

Ali Akbar Khan's 1955 performance in the United States was perhaps the beginning of this trend.

A strong wing of the revolutionary leadership was made up of leftists or " radical populists ", such as Ali Akbar Mohtashami-Pur.

Babur had chosen the site for this city and was built by his grandson Jalal-uddin Mohammad Akbar in 1570.

Jahangir was the eldest son of Mughal Emperor Akbar and was declared successor to his father from an early age.

Impatient for power, however, he revolted in 1599 while Akbar was engaged in the Deccan.

In 1600, when Akbar was away from the capital on an expedition, Salim broke into an open rebellion, and declared himself Emperor.

There was a time when Akbar thought of putting his eldest grandson Khusrau Mirza on the throne instead of Salim.

Jahangir's rule was characterized by the same religious tolerance as his father Akbar, with the exception of his hostility with the Sikhs, which was forged so early on in his rule.

During his reign, there was a significant increase in the size of the Mughal Empire, half a dozen rebellions were crushed, prisoners of war were released, and the work of his father, Akbar, continued to flourish.

In the year 1594 Jahangir's was dispatched by his father the Mughal Emperor Akbar, alongside Abdul Hasan Asaf Khan and Abu ' l-Fazl ibn Mubarak to defeat the renegade Vir Singh Deo of Bandela and capture the city of Orchha, which was considered the center of the revolt.