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By 1000 BC ancient civilizations were using technologies that formed the basis of the various branches of chemistry such as ; extracting metal from their ores, making pottery and glazes, fermenting beer and wine, making pigments for cosmetics and painting, extracting chemicals from plants for medicine and perfume, making cheese, dying cloth, tanning leather, rendering fat into soap, making glass, and making alloys like bronze.
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By and 1000
By 1000 BC Greek and Phoenician traders had begun to visit the eastern coast of Spain, establishing small trading ports and introducing the native Iberian tribes to the alphabet, iron and the pottery wheel.
By 1992 the cost of typical recorders was down to $ 10 – 12, 000, and in September 1995 Hewlett-Packard introduced its model 4020i manufactured by Philips, which at $ 995 was the first recorder to cost less than $ 1000.
By the year 1000, Fujiwara no Michinaga was able to enthrone and dethrone emperors at will.
By combination of different α, β and γ subunits, a great variety (> 1000 ) G proteins can be produced.
By c. 1000, heofon was being used in reference to the Christianized " place where God dwells ", but originally, it had signified " sky, firmament " ( e. g. in Beowulf, c. 725 ).
By about 9400 BCE the town had grown to more than 70 dwellings, and was home to over 1000 people.
By the end of 2007, standards and government authorities including IEC, IEEE, EU, and NIST proposed standards for binary prefixes and requiring the use of megabyte to strictly denote 1000 < sup > 2 </ sup > bytes and mebibyte to denote 1024 < sup > 2 </ sup > bytes.
( By comparison, the Standard Model is expected to start to break down above its cutoff at the much smaller scale of around 1000 GeV.
By 1000 BCE, medical systems based upon herbs could be found in China, Korea, and India.
By 1000 AD, cast bronze horseshoes with nail holes had became common in Europe.
By contrast, the Eastern Roman Empire, mostly known as the Greek or Byzantine Empire, managed to survive and even to thrive for another 1000 years.
By about 95 AD this was replaced by a larger wooden fort built by the 9th Cohort of Batavians, a mixed infantry-cavalry unit of about 1000 men.
By 1000 AD, plantains had spread eastward to Japan and Samoa.
By the year 1000, Bolesław I had consolidated his position as Duke ( Dux ) of Poland.
( By the IEC definition, this E1 pulse is ended at one microsecond ( 1000 nanoseconds ) after it begins.
By the year 1000 the name " Colosseum " had been coined to refer to the amphitheatre.
By 1998 Printronix pushed the speed to 1000 LPM.
By around 1000 AD, alphabetical texts in Europe are written with spaces between words.
By 1869 approximately 1000 Yavapai Indians and 400 settlers had died and thousands of American and Yavapai families were made into refugees.
By 1000 CE, Iroquoian-speaking people were settling along the St. Lawrence River and practicing agriculture, as well as hunting and fishing.
By 1905 the town had a population between 900 and 1000 residents.
By 1887, John Day was home to nearly 1000 Chinese immigrants, who had been attracted to the area by a gold rush twenty years earlier, many of whom were displaced by the 1885 fire in Canyon City.
By late 1925 WENR was using a 1000 watt transmitter designed by Rauland himself.
By the year 1000, Fujiwara no Michinaga was able to enthrone and dethrone emperors at will.
By and BC
By 335 BC he had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the Lyceum.
By the 27th century BC Egyptian writing had a set of some 24 hieroglyphs which are called uniliterals, to represent syllables that begin with a single consonant of their language, plus a vowel ( or no vowel ) to be supplied by the native speaker.
By the 6th century BC, the Celtic La Tène culture was well established.
By the late 5th century BC, philosophers might separate Aphrodite into two separate goddesses, not individuated in cult: Aphrodite Ourania, born from the sea foam after Cronus castrated Uranus, and Aphrodite Pandemos, the common Aphrodite " of all the folk ," born from Zeus and Dione.
By the end of the reign of Naram-Sin's son, Shar-kali-sharri ( 2217 – 2193 BC ), the empire had weakened.
By the middle of the 2nd millennium BC, the Babylonian mathematics had a sophisticated sexagesimal positional numeral system.
By 300 BC, a punctuation symbol ( two slanted wedges ) was co-opted as a placeholder in the same Babylonian system.
By 473 BC, after the death of Phrynichus, one of his chief rivals, Aeschylus was the yearly favorite in the Dionysia, winning first prize in nearly every competition.
By 431 BC Athens ' heavy-handed control of the Delian League would prompt the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War ; the League was dissolved upon the war's conclusion in 404 BC.
By 500 BC, Ionia appears to have been ripe for rebellion against these Persian clients.
By 150 BC, Assyria was under the control of the Parthian Empire as Athura ( the Parthian word for Assyria ) where the Assyrian city of Ashur seems to have gained a degree of autonomy, and temples to the native gods of Assyria were resurrected.
By the 7th century BC, much of the Assyrian population used Akkadian influenced Eastern Aramaic and not Akkadian itself.
By the 1st century BC, Aediles were elected in July, and took office on the first day in January.
By the 3rd century BC, the rival armies of Carthage and Rome began to invade and fight for control of the Iberian Peninsula.
By the terms of the Thirty Years ' Peace ( 445 BC ) Athens covenanted to restore to Aegina her autonomy, but the clause remained a dead letter.
By the 8th – 7th century BC Assyrian cuneiform tablets mention the exploitation of the " copper of the mountains " and this may refer to " natural " brass.
By the first century BC brass was available in sufficient supply to use as coinage in Phrygia and Bithynia, and after the Augustan currency reform of 23 BC it was also used to make Roman dupondii and sestertii.
By the end of the 2nd millennium BC, the Zhou Dynasty began to emerge in the Yellow River valley, overrunning the territory of the Shang.
By roughly the 1st century BC, the ancient kingdom of Buyeo also had mounted warriors.
By the 200s BC, the crossbow () was well developed and quite widely used in China.
By the 9th century BC, the Kingdom of Israel, once united under King Solomon, was divided into the northern Kingdom of Israel and southern Kingdom of Judah, which retained the historic seat of government and focus of the Israelite religion at the Temple in Jerusalem.
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