By 1200 there were also shires of Connacht, Cork, Kerry, Limerick, Louth and Tipperary.

By AD 1200, these early groups ( dubbed Montgomery Indians by later archaeologists ) were increasingly drawn into conflict with the Senecas and Susquehannocks who had migrated south from Pennsylvania and New York.

By trading with Muslim states, Venice came to monopolise the spice trade in Europe between 1200 and 1500, through its dominance over Mediterranean seaways to ports such as Alexandria, after traditional overland connections were disrupted by Mongols and Turks.

By 1865, an initial printing of 1200 copies of his Mémoires was completed.

By 1200 BCE, the oral performance of these texts becomes standardized, and treatises on ritual recitation suggest splitting up the Sanskrit compounds into words, stems, and phonetic units, providing an impetus for morphology and phonetics.

By the time it was finished, 1200 Protestants were gibbetted, strung from the town walls, hung from the iron hooks that held pennants and tapestries on festive occasions and from the very balcony of the Logis du Roy.

By the 1990s, the study tour had become a 6 week long program with an enrollment of 1200 participants aged from 18 – 23 with a management staff of over 80 Counselors.

By 1200 A. D., Tuckaleechee's Native American inhabitants had built a fortified village near the cove's northern entrance.

By 1200 AD, the local Indians had adopted agriculture and lived in small, closely knit settlements, which the Spaniards later called pueblos.

By 1200, the city around the market was established.

By 1200, the Niitsitapi had decided to relocate in search of more land.

By 1907, 1200 people were employed and were making about 100 cars a year.

By 1200 Saladin's brother Al-Adil succeeded in securing control over the whole empire by defeating and killing or imprisoning his brothers and nephews in turn.

By 1962, the TMRC layout was already a complex electromechanical system, controlled by about 1200 relays.

By autumn of 2009, total enrollment was approximately 1200.

By about 1200 the initial wave of cross building came in to an end in Ireland.

The Olmec Heartland, showing La Venta. By no later than 1200 BCE, San Lorenzo had emerged as the most prominent Olmec center.

By 2002, there were over 1200 districts.

By 1200 the town had grown sufficiently to obtain a weekly market held at the junction of High Street with the Great Whyte and, later, an annual fair held at the green by the church.

By 1200 the numerous villages, hamlets, and farmsteads established throughout the Caddo world had begun extensive maize agriculture.

By 1200 UTC on October 6, Pablo peaked as a 60 mph ( 95 km / h ) tropical storm.

By 1200 UTC on October 8, Pablo weakened to a tropical depression.

By the afternoon of November 10, over 1200 unique visitors had signed the petition.

By 1200 the conquest of Western Navarre was complete.

By 335 BC he had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the Lyceum.

By the 27th century BC Egyptian writing had a set of some 24 hieroglyphs which are called uniliterals, to represent syllables that begin with a single consonant of their language, plus a vowel ( or no vowel ) to be supplied by the native speaker.

By the 6th century BC, the Celtic La Tène culture was well established.

By the late 5th century BC, philosophers might separate Aphrodite into two separate goddesses, not individuated in cult: Aphrodite Ourania, born from the sea foam after Cronus castrated Uranus, and Aphrodite Pandemos, the common Aphrodite " of all the folk ," born from Zeus and Dione.

By the end of the reign of Naram-Sin's son, Shar-kali-sharri ( 2217 – 2193 BC ), the empire had weakened.

By the middle of the 2nd millennium BC, the Babylonian mathematics had a sophisticated sexagesimal positional numeral system.

By 300 BC, a punctuation symbol ( two slanted wedges ) was co-opted as a placeholder in the same Babylonian system.

By 473 BC, after the death of Phrynichus, one of his chief rivals, Aeschylus was the yearly favorite in the Dionysia, winning first prize in nearly every competition.

By 431 BC Athens ' heavy-handed control of the Delian League would prompt the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War ; the League was dissolved upon the war's conclusion in 404 BC.

By 500 BC, Ionia appears to have been ripe for rebellion against these Persian clients.

By 150 BC, Assyria was under the control of the Parthian Empire as Athura ( the Parthian word for Assyria ) where the Assyrian city of Ashur seems to have gained a degree of autonomy, and temples to the native gods of Assyria were resurrected.

By the 7th century BC, much of the Assyrian population used Akkadian influenced Eastern Aramaic and not Akkadian itself.

By the 1st century BC, Aediles were elected in July, and took office on the first day in January.

By 1000 BC Greek and Phoenician traders had begun to visit the eastern coast of Spain, establishing small trading ports and introducing the native Iberian tribes to the alphabet, iron and the pottery wheel.

By the 3rd century BC, the rival armies of Carthage and Rome began to invade and fight for control of the Iberian Peninsula.

By the terms of the Thirty Years ' Peace ( 445 BC ) Athens covenanted to restore to Aegina her autonomy, but the clause remained a dead letter.

By the 8th – 7th century BC Assyrian cuneiform tablets mention the exploitation of the " copper of the mountains " and this may refer to " natural " brass.

By the first century BC brass was available in sufficient supply to use as coinage in Phrygia and Bithynia, and after the Augustan currency reform of 23 BC it was also used to make Roman dupondii and sestertii.

By 1000 BC ancient civilizations were using technologies that formed the basis of the various branches of chemistry such as ; extracting metal from their ores, making pottery and glazes, fermenting beer and wine, making pigments for cosmetics and painting, extracting chemicals from plants for medicine and perfume, making cheese, dying cloth, tanning leather, rendering fat into soap, making glass, and making alloys like bronze.

By the end of the 2nd millennium BC, the Zhou Dynasty began to emerge in the Yellow River valley, overrunning the territory of the Shang.

By roughly the 1st century BC, the ancient kingdom of Buyeo also had mounted warriors.

By the 200s BC, the crossbow () was well developed and quite widely used in China.

By the 9th century BC, the Kingdom of Israel, once united under King Solomon, was divided into the northern Kingdom of Israel and southern Kingdom of Judah, which retained the historic seat of government and focus of the Israelite religion at the Temple in Jerusalem.