By this time Carrick had been badly injured by a horse-kick but the loss of his powerful ally, Douglas, saw a turnaround in magnate support in favour of his younger brother Robert, Earl of Fife and in December 1388 the council transferred the lieutenancy to Fife.

By 1388, Ottoman suzerainty was also accepted by Djuradj Stracimirović Balšić, the lord of Zeta.

By 1388, the territory of Saint Jean Cap Ferrat with the entire County of Nice is given by treaty to the Dukes of Savoy ( see also History of Villefranche-sur-Mer ).

By 17 September 1388, Catherine was married to the nine-year-old Henry in Palencia Cathedral.

By his second wife Sarah-Theodora, Ivan Alexander had several other children, which included Keraca Marija, who married the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos IV Palaiologos, Ivan Šišman, who succeeded as emperor of Bulgaria in Tǎrnovo 1371 – 1396, Ivan Asen V, associated as emperor of Bulgaria by 1359 – 1388 ?, as well as two daughters named Desislava and Vasilisa.

By this time she had learned that it was futile to argue with her young husband, yet the uncomfortable fact remained: the American Congregationalists were sending them as missionaries to the Far East and paying their salaries.

By the early 1960s, most of East and Central Africa, where the majority of the Ismāʿīlī population on the continent resided including Tanganyika, Kenya, Uganda, Malagasy, Rwanda, Burundi and Zaire, had attained their political independence.

By far the largest regional market was the Middle East, to which Brazil sold approximately 50 % of its arms from 1977 through 1988.

By the early 18th century, this initial portrayal was rejected by the Dominicans and Franciscans, creating a dispute among Catholics in East Asia that was known as the " Rites Controversy ".

By comparison, the former colony of the United Province of Canada ( divided into the District of Canada East, and the District of Canada West ) and the western provinces were dozens of times larger and in some cases were expanded to take in territory formerly held in British Crown grants to companies such as the Hudson's Bay Company ; in particular the November 19, 1869 sale of Rupert's Land to the Government of Canada under the Rupert's Land Act 1868 was facilitated in part by Maritime taxpayers.

By 1611, shareholders in the East India Company were earning an almost 150 % return on their investment.

By 1991 the communist governments of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania, all of which had been imposed after World War II, were brought down as revolution swept Eastern Europe.

By 1692, Elihu Yale's repeated flouting of East India Company regulations and growing embarrassment at his illegal profiteering resulted in his being relieved of the post of governor.

By the mid-1960s, the East Pakistan was accounting for less than 60 % of the nation's export earnings, and by the time of Bangladesh's independence in 1971, this percentage had dipped below 50 %.

By the mid-1960s, West Pakistan was benefiting from Ayub's " Decade of Progress ," with its successful " green revolution " in wheat, and from the expansion of markets for West Pakistani textiles, while the East Pakistan's standard of living remained at an abysmally low level.

By the 9th century AD the city of Shiraz was known to produce some of the finest wines in the Middle East.

By this theory, the name of the Geordie lamp attached to the North East pit men themselves.

By 1866 any native of the North East could be called a Geordie.

By 2006, only two elderly Cubans still crossed the base's North East Gate daily to work on the base, because the Cuban government prohibits new recruitment.

By contrast, East Germany renounced ties to the Nazi past, styling itself the " anti-fascist rampart " and proclaiming itself the first socialist state on German soil.

By late 1944, the United States, Canada, France, and Great Britain were closing in on Germany in the West, while the Soviets were closing from the East.

By 1963, Holden was exporting cars to Africa, the Middle East, South-East Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Caribbean.

By the 1850s, the East India Company controlled most of the Indian sub-continent, which included present-day Pakistan and Bangladesh.

By November 1944, they had thrown out the Germans, being with Yugoslavia the only East European nations to do so without any assistance from the Soviet Army.

By the 6th century the majority of the modern county was part of the East Saxon kingdom.

By the 16th century, the Dutch East India Company established a replenishing station at Table Bay for restocking water and purchasing meat from the Khoikhoi.

By the Middle Bronze Age, increasing numbers of smelted iron objects ( distinguishable from meteoric iron by the lack of nickel in the product ) appeared in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and South Asia.

By the 7th century the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the East, under the name of the Conception ( active ) of Saint Anne.

By 1669, the Dutch East India Company was the richest private company in history, with a huge fleet of merchant ships and warships, tens of thousands of employees, a private army consisting of thousands of soldiers, and a reputation on the part of its stockholders for high dividend payments.

) By 1818 the East India Company was master of all of India.

By marriage to Beatrice, heiress of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, he was Count of Provence and Forcalquier from 1246.

By the end of the 5th century, Roman power in Provence had vanished, and an age of invasions, wars, and chaos began.

By his marriage to Emma of Provence, daughter of Rotbold III, William III, Count of Toulouse inherited lands and castles in Provence.

By coincidence the present day regiment is stationed in Carpiagne within Provence, once the domain of their former commander.

By his first wife he had three children: Henri, who became insane ; Louis Emmanuel, who succeeded his father as duke of Angoulême and was colonel-general of light cavalry and governor of Provence ; and François, who died in 1622.

By the fall of the Carolingian Empire, the area was part of Lotharingia and later part of the County of Provence.

Count Raymond was a lord of gentle lineage, and kin to them of the house of Aragon, and to the family of the count of Toulouse, By inheritance Provence, this side of the Rhone, was his ; a wise and courteous lord was he, and of noble state and virtuous, and in his time did honourable deeds, and to his court came all gentle persons of Provence and of France and of Catalonia, by reason of his courtesy and noble estate, and he made many Provençal coblas and canzoni of great worth.

By inheritance, he was Count of Arles and Vienne, which made him one of the most important and influential nobles in the Kingdom of Provence.

By 911, most of the royal prerogatives were exercised by Hugh and Louis ceded him the titles dux of Provence and marchio of the Viennois.

By a diet Berengar held at Milan, Hugh was deposed, though he managed to come to terms by which he nominally kept the crown and the title rex ( king ) but returned to Provence, leaving Lothair as nominal king, but with all real power in Berengar's hands.

By her marriages she was Queen of León and Castile, Countess of Provence and Countess of Everstein.

By the Treaty of Viterbo in 1267, his father agreed to marry him to Beatrice of Sicily, daughter of Charles I of Sicily and Beatrice of Provence.