By the late 18th century there were increasing efforts to take advantage of the rifle for military purposes, with specialist rifle units such as the King's Royal Rifle Corps of 1756 and Rifle Brigade ( Prince Consort's Own ) of 1800.

By Christmas 1756, as no response had been received to diplomatic letters to the Nawab, Admiral Charles Watson and Clive were dispatched to attack the Nawab's army and remove him from Calcutta by force.

By 1756, Oldham had emerged as centre of the hatting industry in England.

By mid-July 1756, four bastions with cannon were placed at a height of 5. 5m.

By early 1756, after repeated clashes in North America, and deteriorating relations in Europe, the two sides were formally at war.

By 1756, these ships were acknowledged to be too weak to stand in the line of battle and were relegated to ancillary duties, although they also served in the shallow North Sea and American littorals where larger ships of the line could not sail.

By 28 November 1778, he had returned to St George's, Hanover Square, London, where he married Anne Breynton ( 1756 – 15 August 1829 ), the daughter of the famous minister in Nova Scotia, Rev Dr John Breynton ( 1719 – 1799 ).

By 1756 he was commissioned a captain in a Pennsylvania regiment, and accompanied Lt. Col. John Armstrong's expedition on the raid of the Indian village of Kittanning in September 1756.

By 1756 the shell of the wing that faced the city was completed, the central Mittelbau erected and the interior decoration in the garden wing was complete.

By her he had two sons, Charles, who succeeded to the baronetcy on his father's death in 1740 and became 2nd Earl of Egremont in 1750, and Percy who was created Percy Wyndham-O ' Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond in 1756.

By June 1756, he had been promoted to sergeant.

By the 1970s the shift was underway from the earlier economic history to cultural history and the history of mentalities.

" By 1928, Fuller was living in Greenwich Village and spending much of his time at the popular café Romany Marie's, where he had spent an evening in conversation with Marie and Eugene O ' Neill several years earlier.

By 1827, he had abandoned law and embarked on a geological career that would result in fame and the general acceptance of uniformitarianism, a working out of the idea proposed by James Hutton a few decades earlier.

By 1976 the cost of the cheapest 4-function pocket calculator had dropped to a few dollars, about one 20th of the cost five years earlier.

By contrast, a dictionary definition has additional details, typically including an etymology showing snapshots of the earlier meanings and the parent language.

By the 1st century AD, cattle and horses were used in mills, driving machines similar to those powered by humans in earlier times.

By the earlier eleventh century ælf could denote a female.

By the time You Bet Your Life debuted on TV on October 5, 1950, Groucho had grown a real mustache ( which he had already sported earlier in the films Copacabana and Love Happy ).

By 8500-7500 BC the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A ( PPNA ) culture developed out of the earlier local tradition of Natufian in Southern Palestine, dwelling in round houses, and building the first defensive site at Jericho ( guarding a valuable fresh water spring ).

By accommodating the conquered people's gods, religion became more polytheistic and government became somewhat more secular ; the title of lugal, big man, appears alongside the earlier religious titles, although his primary duty is still the worship of the state gods.

By 1997, the federal government had already cut tariffs to 22. 5 percent from 57. 5 percent ten years earlier, and by 2000 were planning to reduce this even further down to 15 percent.

By the 20th century, earlier mechanical calculators, cash registers, accounting machines, and so on were redesigned to use electric motors, with gear position as the representation for the state of a variable.

By sorting formulas according to the number of atoms of each element present in the formula according to these rules, with differences in earlier elements or numbers being treated as more significant than differences in any later element or number — like sorting text strings into lexicographical order — it is possible to collate chemical formulas into what is known as Hill system order.

By replacing the M1114, M1116, and earlier armored HMMWV types with a single model, the U. S. Army hopes to lower maintenance costs.

Robin Lane Fox states " By the early fifth century, we know of the ownership of private icons of saints ; by c. 480-500, we can be sure that the inside of a saint's shrine would be adorned with images and votive portraits, a practice which had probably begun earlier ".

By the middle of the 17th century, plays such as Robert Davenport's King John and Matilda, although based largely on the earlier Elizabethan works, were transferring the role of Protestant champion to the barons and focusing more on the tyrannical aspects of John's behaviour.

By the end of the 1980s, membership had fallen to just over 6, 000, 000 — little more than half the level of a decade earlier — and it also counted against the Labour Party's hopes of regaining power, as its relationship with the trade unions had traditionally been seen as a strength but after the Winter of Discontent it was seen as a liability.

By comparison, a re-release of Monty Python and the Holy Grail had earned $ 1. 8 million USD three years earlier.

By Euler's criterion, which had been discovered earlier and was known to Legendre, these two definitions are equivalent.

By November 1920 Theremin had given his first public concert with the instrument, now modified with a horizontal volume antenna replacing the earlier foot-operated volume control.

By this time, the pollution from burning coal and steel production created a black fog ( or smog ), which even a century earlier had induced author writer James Parton to dub the city " hell with the lid off ".

By the end of the 16th century, Italy had absorbed the northern influences, with Venice, Rome, and other cities being centers of musical activity, reversing the situation from a hundred years earlier.

By the time the war began, the number of members rose to 250, 000, and the Waffen-SS was formed in August 1940, expanding the earlier armed SS troops who had fought in Poland and France in 1939 – 40, to serve alongside the Wehrmacht, Germany's regular armed forces.

By the time Christopher Columbus passed near St. Vincent on his fourth voyage in 1502, the Caribs occupied the island after displacing the Arawaks a few centuries earlier.

By witnessing currents flowing through point-contacts, similar to what Bardeen and Brattain had accomplished earlier in December 1947, Mataré by June 1948, was able to produce consistent results by using samples of germanium produced by Welker.

By Otto's marriage to Eilika, daughter of Magnus, Duke of Saxony, the Ascanians became heirs to half of the property of the House of Billung, former dukes of Saxony.

By March 1932, Capp was drawing Colonel Gilfeather, a single-panel, AP-owned property created in 1930 by Dick Dorgan.

By the well ordering principle, if there are positive integers that satisfy a given property, then there is a smallest positive integer that satisfies that property ; therefore, there is a smallest positive integer satisfying the property " not definable in under eleven words ".

By not asking about the horses, Confucius demonstrates that the sage values human beings over property ; readers are led to reflect on whether their response would follow Confucius's and to pursue self-improvement if it would not have.

By the laws of England, every invasion of private property, be it ever so minute, is a trespass ...

By March 1774, the harsh treatment of settlers and their property by Allen and the Boys prompted Tryon to increase some of the rewards to £ 100.

By pursuing exclusive publication rights for his own works, he set one of the most important early precedents for regarding music as the intellectual property of the composer.

By this system, the children were free people and could inherit property, thus originating a class of " mulattos " with property and some with wealthy fathers.

By 1789, they owned one-third of the plantation property and one-quarter of the slaves of Saint-Domingue.

By the 16th century, the rulers of Moscow considered the entire Russian territory their collective property.

By the *- homomorphism property of the functional calculus, the operator

By 1824 the decision had been made to sell their property in Indiana and search for land to the east.

By providing innovators with " durable and tangible return on their investment of time, labor, and other resources ", intellectual property rights seek to maximize social utility.

By assuming the Earth to possess a soul ( a property he would later invoke to explain how the sun causes the motion of planets ), he established a speculative system connecting astrological aspects and astronomical distances to weather and other earthly phenomena.

By the end of the year, he completed the manuscript for Astronomia nova, though it would not be published until 1609 due to legal disputes over the use of Tycho's observations, the property of his heirs.

By 1857 he had accumulated over 800 pages of notes and short essays on capital, landed property, wage labour, the state, and foreign trade and the world market ; this work did not appear in print until 1941, under the title Grundrisse.

By papal decree, the property of the Templars was transferred to the Order of Hospitallers, which also absorbed many of the Templars ' members.

By extension the term parish refers not only to the territorial unit but to the people of its community or congregation as well as to church property within it.

By either standard, one's body is one's property.

By contrast the rights of a leaseholder originate in personal actions and so the common law originally treated a leasehold as part of personal property.

By a general property of the Fourier transform, that symmetry means it is the complex conjugate of:

Suppose ( A < sub > 1 </ sub >, φ < sub > 1 </ sub >) is an initial morphism from X < sub > 1 </ sub > to U and ( A < sub > 2 </ sub >, φ < sub > 2 </ sub >) is an initial morphism from X < sub > 2 </ sub > to U. By the initial property, given any morphism h: X < sub > 1 </ sub > → X < sub > 2 </ sub > there exists a unique morphism g: A < sub > 1 </ sub > → A < sub > 2 </ sub > such that the following diagram commutes: