By 1840 there were still only ten colonial bishops for the Church of England ; but even this small beginning greatly facilitated the growth of Anglicanism around the world.

By 1840, Haiti had ceased to export sugar entirely, although large amounts continued to be grown for local consumption as taffia-a raw rum.

By 1840, to protect the interests of the various nationals doing business in Zanzibar, consul offices had been opened by the British, French, Germans and Americans.

By 1840, Talbot had invented the calotype process, which creates negative images.

By 1840, the Institute was established with 1, 000 subscribers and a library of some 5, 500 books.

By 1840, Tubman's father, Ben, was manumitted, freed from slavery at the age of 45, as stipulated in a former owner's will, though his real age was closer to 55.

" By the time Chassériau visited Ingres in Rome in 1840, however, the younger artist's growing allegiance to the romantic style of Delacroix was apparent, leading Ingres to disown his favorite student, of whom he never again spoke favorably.

By 1840 the Hudson's Bay Company had three forts: Fort Hall ( purchased from Nathaniel Jarvis Wyeth in 1837 ), Fort Boise and Fort Nez Perce on the western end of the Oregon Trail route as well as Fort Vancouver near its terminus in the Willamette Valley.

By 1840 the fashion in Europe and Britain shifted away from the formerly very popular beaver felt hats and prices for furs rapidly declined and the trapping almost ceased.

By 1840 many plains tribes had made peace with each other and developed Plains Indian Sign Language as a means of communicate with their allies.

By 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became the commercial hub of the city.

By January 1840, 63 emigrants were assembled at Rochefort.

By 1864, it was clear that continued governance of the Province of Canada under the terms of the 1840 Act of Union had become impracticable.

By 1840, it had become clear that Johnson was a liability to the Democratic ticket.

By 1840, black performers also were performing in blackface makeup.

By 1840 the population had reached 600, and in 1850 Yorkville consisted of 93 dwellings and 617 inhabitants.

By 1840 serious consideration was being given to education.

By 1850, the seventh census in Panola County listed 18 schools and a total student population of 439 pupils ( approximately four times that of the 1840 census ).

By 1840, Oakland had more than fifty mills.

By 1830 an estimated 150 settlers had arrived ; the United States census of 1840 reported 2, 364 people.

By 1840, Emerson's wife, Scott, and Harriet returned to St. Louis while Emerson served in the Seminole War.

By 1840, Colton was part of two private ranchos, Jurupa and San Bernardino Rancho.

By 1840 the town ’ s population had dropped to 2, 269 and by 1870 it was down to 1, 759.

By 1840, area population had grown to 2, 364.

By 1840, the community was known as Gilman's Point, after local tavern owner Daniel Gilman.

By contrast, the British press were jubilant ; many newspapers sought to portray the battle as a victory for Britain over anarchy, and the success was used to attack the supposedly pro-republican Whig politicians Charles James Fox and Richard Brinsley Sheridan.

By 1908, James Dewar and H. Kamerlingh Onnes were successfully able to liquify hydrogen and then newly-discovered helium, respectively.

By, Somers was at the end of his tether, and sold the team to a syndicate headed by Chicago railroad contractor James C. " Jack " Dunn.

By 1827, he had abandoned law and embarked on a geological career that would result in fame and the general acceptance of uniformitarianism, a working out of the idea proposed by James Hutton a few decades earlier.

By 1952, Ted White had mimeographed a four-page pamphlet about Superman, and James Taurasi issued the short-lived Fantasy Comics.

By allying himself with the Catholics, Dissenters, and nonconformists, James hoped to build a coalition that would advance Catholic emancipation.

By the early 3rd century, Origen of Alexandria may have been using the same 27 books as in the modern New Testament, though there were still disputes over the canonicity of Hebrews, James, II Peter, II and III John, and Revelation Such works that were sometimes " spoken against " were called Antilegomena.

By the reign of King James I & VI, the process was completed with the plantation of the last remaining princely domains in the province of Ulster.

By March 1957, a full year after the release of " Please, Please, Please ", most members of the Famous Flames had left the group after the group's new manager, Universal Attractions Agency Chief Ben Bart, insisted that the group's billing be " James Brown and The Famous Flames ".

By this time billionaire Sir James Goldsmith had set up his own Referendum Party, siphoning off some Conservative support, and at the 1997 General Election many Conservative candidates were openly expressing reluctance to join.

By August 1809, diplomatic relations with Britain deteriorated as minister David Erskine was withdrawn and replaced by " hatchet man " Francis James Jackson ; Madison however, resisted calls for war.

The award is named for Alice B. Sheldon, who wrote under the pseudonym James Tiptree, Jr. By choosing a masculine nom de plume, having her stories accepted under that name and winning awards with them, Sheldon helped demonstrate that the division between male and female science fiction writing was illusory.

By the early 200s, Origen may have been using the same twenty-seven books as in the Catholic New Testament canon, though there were still disputes over the canonicity of the Letter to the Hebrews, Epistle of James, II Peter, II John and III John and the Book of Revelation, known as the Antilegomena.

By this time, the pollution from burning coal and steel production created a black fog ( or smog ), which even a century earlier had induced author writer James Parton to dub the city " hell with the lid off ".

By the term " divine " James meant " any object that is godlike, whether it be a concrete deity or not " to which the individual feels impelled to respond with solemnity and gravity.

By the early 20th century, interest in reincarnation had been introduced into the nascent discipline of psychology, largely due to the influence of William James, who raised aspects of the philosophy of mind, comparative religion, the psychology of religious experience and the nature of empiricism.

A brief analysis of Reverse Polish Notation against Direct Algebraic Logic – By James Redin

" By this, James meant that truth is a quality, the value of which is confirmed by its effectiveness when applying concepts to practice ( thus, " pragmatic ").

By chance, Sally Hemings, a younger sister of James, was chosen ; she lived in the Jefferson household in Paris for about two years.

By 1844, the Whigs began their recovery by nominating Henry Clay, who lost to Democrat James K. Polk in a closely contested race, with Polk's policy of western expansion ( particularly the annexation of Texas ) and free trade triumphing over Clay's protectionism and caution over the Texas question.

* Fixing UNRWA: Repairing the UN's Troubled System of Aid to Palestinian Refugees ( By James G. Lindsay, Washington Institute for Near East Policy: January 2009 )

By the end of the year, however, Madrid was recovered by an army led by King Philip V and the Duke of Berwick ( the illegitimate son of James II of England, serving in the French army ).

By the 12th and final season, series regular James MacArthur had left the show ( in 1996, he admitted that he had become tired and wanted to do other things ), as had Kam Fong.

By 1792, a party division had emerged between Federalists led by Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton, who desired a stronger federal government with a leading role in the economy, and the Democratic-Republicans led by Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and Representative James Madison of Virginia, who favored states ' rights and opposed Hamilton's economic program.

By the time of his fifth win of the year at the British GP, he had more than double the points of his closest challengers Jody Scheckter and James Hunt, and a second consecutive World Championship appeared a formality.