By 1865, following the American Civil War, stocks in small industrial companies, such as iron and steel, textiles and chemicals were first sold by curbstone brokers.

By the end of 1865, almost 100 clubs were members of the NABBP.

By 1865, he's reported as living back in Houston.

By 1865, the German physicist Rudolf Clausius had shown that this equivalence principle needed amendment.

By 1865 he had moved into banking and specialized in selling municipal, state, and government bonds.

By 1865 the Delegacy had ceased to be ' perpetual ,' and evolved into five perpetual and five junior posts filled by appointment from the University, with the Vice Chancellor a Delegate ex officio: a hothouse for factionalism that Price deftly tended and controlled.

By 1865, an initial printing of 1200 copies of his Mémoires was completed.

By 1865, the Confederate dollar was worthless due to massive inflation, and people in the South had to resort to bartering services for goods, or else use scarce Union dollars.

By December 6, 1865, the amendment was ratified and Johnson considered Reconstruction over.

By 1865 there was a huge dancing platform, a rebuilt theatre, high-wire acts, pantomime, music hall and the original Siamese twins.

By order of the Governor, the courthouse was relocated to the schoolhouse at Cave Springs ( near present day La Russell, Missouri ) in 1865.

By 1865 Spring Place was known as an area occupied by Confederate Guerrillas.

By 1865, most of the Lugo ranch, divided among five sons and three daughters, had been sold off for as little as a dollar per acre.

By 1865, the population of Newton grew to 300 and a decade later reached 400 people.

By 1865, Robert B. Gregg owned the land and platted 127 lots on the south side of the Thornapple River.

By 1865 the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad Company had begun a railroad extending northward through the village.

By an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 23, 1865, Haddon Township was incorporated from portions of Newton Township.

By 1865, the population was 888.

By 1865, the population was 1, 167.

By 1865, Marysville had six dry goods stores, one hardware store, nine or ten groceries, a mill, a woolen factory, and most of the trades and professions.

By 1865, the Jersey was operated by the Delaware Lackawanna & Western Railroad and had an estimated annual capacity of 50, 000 tons.

By 1865, Darlington was the headquarters for the Third Separate Brigade of the Military District of Eastern South Carolina and the Freedman's Bureau.

By 1865 the population was about 2, 700.

By 1865, the Smithsonian Institution began a catalog of current scientific papers, which became the International Catalogue of Scientific Papers in 1902.

By 1865 Hermann's health was deteriorating and a new principal conductor, Alfred Mellon, was appointed in September.

By the time they reach that age, however, Aristotle no longer worries about the evil influence of comedies.

By reminding ourselves of these factors in the situation, we should, I am sure, come to a fresh realization, however painful it be, that the battle between Parker and his neighbors was fought in earnest.

By 1994, however, the Armenian Government had launched an ambitious IMF-sponsored economic liberalization program that resulted in positive growth rates in 1995-2005.

By 1994, however, the Armenian Government had launched an ambitious IMF-sponsored economic program that has resulted in positive growth rates in 1995-99.

By the 1990s, however, mentalité history had become interdisciplinary to the point of fragmentation, but still lacked a solid theoretical basis.

By age three, however, her mother changed her name to Elizabeth Sewall Alcott, after her own mother.

By the mid-4th century however the assembly's judicial functions were largely curtailed, though it always kept a role in the initiation of various kinds of political trial.

By this time Naples seems to have become tired of his music ; the Romans, however, appreciated it better, and it was at the Teatro Capranica in Rome that he produced some of his finest operas ( Telemaco, 1718 ; Marco Attilio Regolò, 1719 ; La Griselda, 1721 ), as well as some noble specimens of church music, including a mass for chorus and orchestra, composed in honor of Saint Cecilia for Cardinal Acquaviva in 1721.

By 1987, however, the USSR withdrew its opposition, concluding the SDI posed no threat.

By 1902, however, due to the Governor of ` Akka being supportive of ` Abdu ' l-Bahá, the situation was greatly eased ; while pilgrims were able to once again visit ` Abdu ' l-Bahá, he was confined to the city.

" By 1923 however, Gropius was no longer evoking images of soaring Romanesque cathedrals and the craft-driven aesthetic of the " Völkisch movement ", instead declaring " we want an architecture adapted to our world of machines, radios and fast cars.

By the mid-1990s, however, companies were beginning to ask what the return was on the investment they had made in this loosely controlled PC software buying spree.

By 1972, however, with only a minimum of work done on the I-95 right of way and none on the potentially massively disruptive Inner Belt, Governor Francis Sargent put a moratorium on highway construction within the MA-128 corridor, except for a short stretch of Interstate 93.

By now the rebel forces were said to have numbered 230, 000, however, this number should be treated with scepticism — Dio's account is known only from a late epitome, and ancient sources commonly exaggerate enemy numbers.

By the early 2000s ( decade ), however, the university quietly reexamined its position on accreditation as degree mills proliferated and various government bureaucracies, such as law enforcement agencies, began excluding BJU graduates on the grounds that the university did not appear on appropriate federal lists.

By 1967, however, Frei encountered increasing opposition from leftists, who charged that his reforms were inadequate, and from conservatives, who found them excessive.

By the late Bronze Age, however, a series of treaties had established safe passage for merchants around the Eastern Mediterranean, spreading from Minoan Crete and Mycenae in the northwest to Elam and Bahrain in the southeast.

By the fourth century, however, " confessors "— people who had confessed their faith not by dying but by word and life — began to be venerated publicly.

By the late 1870s, however, croquet had been eclipsed by another fashionable game, tennis, and many of the newly-created croquet clubs, including the All England club at Wimbledon, converted some or all of their lawns into tennis courts.

By this time, however, many CBM users had shifted their attention to the 16 / 32-bit Amiga, and the 1581 was mostly sold to remaining GEOS users.

By the mid-19th century, however, the powerful British Empire gave up mercantilism and trade restrictions and introduced the principle of free trade, with few restrictions or tariffs.

By the recent turn of the century, however, his paintings were selling for millions.

By December 1981, however, the U. S. had already begun to support armed opponents of the Sandinista regime.

By 1943 however, large numbers of fleet and light carriers became available, which required larger formations of three or four carriers.

By March 1963 however, after the visit of Colonel Michael Greene of the United States Army, and the resulting ' Greene Plan ,' the pattern of bilaterally agreed military assistance to various Congolese military components, instead of a single unified effort, was already taking shape.