By 1943, the Partisan resistance movement had gained the upper hand, against the odds, and in 1945, with help from the Soviet Red Army ( passing only through small parts such as Vojvodina ), expelled the Axis forces and local supporters.

By 1943 however, large numbers of fleet and light carriers became available, which required larger formations of three or four carriers.

By the time Hilbert died in 1943, the Nazis had nearly completely restaffed the university, in as much as many of the former faculty had either been Jewish or married to Jews.

By March 1943, the first National Conference of the Communist Party elected Hoxha formally as First Secretary.

By 1943, the Allies began to gain the upper hand in the Pacific Campaign's air campaigns.

By 1943, after Italy faced multiple military failures, complete reliance and subordination of Italy to Germany, and Allied invasion of Italy, and corresponding international humiliation, Mussolini was removed as head of government and arrested by the order of King Victor Emmanuel III who proceeded to dismantle the Fascist state and declared Italy's switching of allegiance to the Allied side.

By January 1943, Himmler reported that 629, 000 ethnic Germans had been resettled ; however, most resettled Germans did not live in the envisioned small farms, but in temporary camps or quarters in towns.

Eric D. Weitz wrote, " By 1948, according to Nicolas Werth, the mortality rate of the 600, 000 people deported from the Caucasus between 1943 and 1944 had reached 25 %.

By the end of 1943, the Soviets occupied half of the territory taken by the Germans from 1941 – 1942.

By late 1943, the tide of the war was turning against the Axis powers, but this only spurred Goebbels to intensify the propaganda by urging the Germans to accept the idea of total war and mobilization.

By comparing the photographic plates of the Pleiades cluster taken in 1918 with images taken in 1943, van Maanen was able to identify those stars that had a proper motion similar to the mean motion of the cluster, and were therefore more likely to be members.

By midsummer 1943, the first trial runs of the assembly-line in the Production Works at Werke Süd were made,

By 1943 they produced the SU-85, and by late 1944 the SU-100, which mounted powerful guns on modern chassis with full armour protection.

By the time the writs were dropped for the 1943 federal election, the Coalition had sunk into near paralysis.

By 9 February 1942, Peenemünde engineer de Beek had documented the radio interference area of a V-2 as 10, 000 meters around the “ Firing Point ”, and the first successful A-4 flight on 3 October 1943, used radio control for Brennschluss.

By the early 1940s, the British film industry began to combine documentary techniques with fictional stories in films like Noël Coward's In Which We Serve ( 1942 ), Millions Like Us ( 1943 ) and The Way Ahead ( 1944 ).

By the middle of 1943, however, it became clear audiences were tired of war films.

By the time the smoke had cleared in 1943, NBC found itself shorn of its Blue network, which became ABC.

By the time GC 3 relocated to Tula on 6 November 1943, only six pilots remained from the original groupe, which had accumulated 72 aerial victories since becoming operational.

By mid-March 1943, the counter-offensive of the U. S. II Corps, along with the rest of the British 1st Army, pushed the Germans and Italians eastward.

By the end of 1943, the Soviets had gained the upper hand and the Germans were retreating.

By 1943, the tide began to turn.

By December 1943, these Secondary Schools had reached their capacity, and a major portion of Navy Pier was quickly converted to a fourth school.

* Evatt, H. V., Rum Rebellion: A Study Of The Overthrow Of Governor Bligh By John Macarthur And The New South Wales, 1943.

By 1686 he had definitely established the " Italian overture " form ( second edition of Dal male il bene ), and had abandoned the ground bass and the binary form air in two stanzas in favour of the ternary form or da capo type of air.

By US legal standards this Italian culvert is an arch bridge

By noon, the survivors of the Italian army were in full retreat and the battle was over.

By 1700, it had been reprinted 15 times in Italian, and was translated in Dutch, English, French, German, Russian and Spanish.

By the time William Grindal became her tutor in 1544, Elizabeth could write English, Latin, and Italian.

By the 1930s, Italian fascism had created a review board for popular culture.

By the late 1930s and the 1940s, Italian Fascism completely denounced capitalism as an obsolete and oppressive system, Mussolini in 1940 at the entry of Italy into World War II, said:

By the middle of the 3rd century BC, the Romans had secured the whole of the Italian peninsula, except Gallia Cisalpina ( Po Valley ).

By the first days of January, Emperor Menelik, accompanied by his Queen Taytu Betul, had led large forces into Tigray, and besieged the Italians for 15 days ( 6 – 21 January 1896 ), trying in vain to storm the fort on several occasions, until the Italians surrendered with permission from the Italian Headquarters.

By the age of 21, Rossini had established himself as the idol of the Italian opera public.

By then he was strongly influenced by the great composers of the Italian Baroque and the middle-German polyphonic choral tradition.

By the 11th century, Italian monks were flavoring crudely distilled spirits with juniper berries.

By the end of his life, he could converse in English, French, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Swedish, Polish, Italian, Greek, Latin, Russian, Arabic, and Turkish as well as German.

By 1934, Libya was fully pacified and the new Italian governor Italo Balbo started a policy of integration between the Arabs and the Italians.

By the end of the war, Italian per capita income was at its lowest point since the beginning of the 20th century.

By the end of September, the Italian and French Communist Parties had decided to set up a column.

By decree of the President of the Italian Republic of 2 June 2010, Kabir Bedi was officially knighted.

By the 1820s, Gluckian influence in France had given way to a taste for Italian bel canto, especially after the arrival of Rossini in Paris.

By his marriage with a Francesca Orsini of Monterotondo was born Gentile Virginio Orsini, one of the most relevant figures of Italian politics in the late 15th century.

By 1124, there were two great factions dominating local politics in Rome: the Frangipani family, which controlled the region around the fortified Colosseum and supported the northern cardinals, and the Pierleoni family, which controlled the Tiber Island and the fortress of the Theatre of Marcellus and supported the Italian cardinals.

By the 3rd century BC, Rome had become the pre-eminent city of the Italian peninsula, having conquered and defeated the Sabines, the Etruscans, the Samnites and most of the Greek colonies in Sicily, Campania and Southern Italy in general.

By the 1910s, the national struggles between Slovene and Italian speakers in the Austrian Littoral, and Slovene and German speakers, overshadowed other political conflicts and brought about a nationalist radicalization on both sides.

By 1940, the Villaggio Duca degli Abruzzi ( Jowhar ) had a population of 12, 000 people, of whom nearly 3, 000 were Italian Somalians, and enjoyed a notable level of development with a small manufacturing area with agricultural industries ( sugar mills, etc.

This example, On His Blindness By Milton, gives a sense of the Italian rhyming scheme ;

By 1864, additional translations had appeared in Italian and Russian.