By comparing reaction cells sealed from the same manifold temperature dependency corresponding to activation energies ranging from 11 to 18 Af was observed while dependence on the first power of the light intensity seemed to be indicated in most cases.

By comparing the form of several yupanas, researchers found that calculations were based using the Fibonacci sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5 and powers of 10, 20 and 40 as place values for the different fields in the instrument.

By comparing Arithmetic and Geometric mean of numbers

By comparing the length and intensity of various methods of therapies, it was proven that intensity is a better predictor of recovery than the method of therapy used.

By comparing different embryonic stages of different vertebrate species, he formulated the Recapitulation theory.

By comparing the parts of the genome that are not under natural selection and which therefore accumulate mutations at a fairly steady rate, it is possible to reconstruct a genetic tree incorporating the entire human species since the last shared ancestor.

By comparing mitochondrial DNA which is inherited only from the mother, geneticists have concluded that the last female common ancestor whose genetic marker is found in all modern humans, the so-called mitochondrial Eve, must have lived around 200, 000 years ago.

By comparing the genome compositions between genomes, scientists can better understand the evolutionary history of a given genome.

By comparing the relative positions of the moon and Mars with their anticipated positions, Vespucci was able to crudely deduce his longitude.

Soon however, Marl's records became more sample heavy, as can be seen by comparing the MC Shan LPs Down By Law ( 1987 ) and Born to be Wild ( 1988 ); the rhythms less electronic, with drum samples and patterns becoming more prominent.

By comparing the different natural languages, scholars hope to learn something about the nature of human intelligence and the innate biases and constraints that shape natural language, which are sometimes called universal grammar.

By comparing the times of the eclipses, the difference in longitude of Paris to Uranienborg was calculated.

By comparing skulls of different ethnic groups it supposedly allowed for ranking of races from least to most evolved.

By measuring the frequency of the returned signal and comparing that with the original, the difference can be easily measured.

By comparing the spectra of stars such as Sirius to the Sun, they found differences in the strength and number of their absorption lines — the dark lines in a stellar spectra due to the absorption of specific frequencies by the atmosphere.

By comparing the spectrum to computed models of stellar evolution, the age, mass, radius and luminosity of Tau Ceti can be estimated.

By monitoring vegetation changes over time, droughts can be monitored by comparing the current vegetation state to its long term average.

By instead comparing the radiated power in a given direction to the actual power that the antenna receives from the transmitter, the power gain takes into account that poorer efficiency, making it a more useful figure of merit for the ability of a transmitter in sending a radio wave toward a receiver.

By expanding the left hand side and then comparing the real and imaginary parts under the assumption that x is real, it is possible to derive useful expressions for cos ( nx ) and sin ( nx ) in terms of cos x and sin x.

By comparing the arrival times of gamma showers with the separations of the spacecraft, a location can be determined, for follow-up with other telescopes.

By comparing this with the account of stupteria given by Dioscorides in the 123rd chapter of his 5th book, it is obvious that the two are identical.

* 1862 – By analysing the spectroscopic signature of the Sun and comparing it to those of other stars, Father Angelo Secchi determines that the Sun is itself a star.

By counting numbers of live and dead mites that developed every 15 days and comparing this with his initial count on the infant, he was able to estimate how long that infant was dead.

By writing as a Laurent series and explicitly comparing terms, one may verify that it satisfies the relation

By 2010 the supply had increased by about 10 % to 1056. 8 million ounces of which 72. 7 million ounces were used in the photographic sector, a decline of 38 % compared with 2007.

By contrast, Agfaphoto branded photographic films are not made by Agfa-Gevaert at all, originally having been made by the now closed Ferrania plant in Italy.

By the end of the 1970s she had embarked on what turned out to be a successful career as a photographic journalist.

By then, enough observations of the asteroid had been accumulated to obtain a fairly precise orbit, and the search of old photographic plates for pre-discovery images turned up the 1949 plates with the images of the lost comet.

By November 22, 1919, the Air Service had been reduced to one construction, one replacement, and 22 flying squadrons ; 32 balloon companies ; 15 photographic sections ; and 1, 168 officers and 8, 428 enlisted men.

By the late twentieth century, most typesetting was onto photographic film.

By the early 1850s, however, other more reliable photographic processes, such as salt and albumen printing, had been developed and were beginning to be widely used.

By the 1980s a huge library of typefaces and logos existed as photographic film and needed to be input into computers for the latest generation of printing and sign-making devices.

By the late 1980s he had developed his signature style, using " dirty " type and non-mainstream photographic techniques.

By the 1920s and 1930s the pictures which dominated each issue of the magazine were almost exclusively photographic, although artists might still be used to illustrate in pictorial form topics such as budgetry expenditure or the layout of coal mines.

By 1866, after the departure of Howard, it became ‘ Bourne & Shepherd ’, which became the premier photographic studio in India, and is still trading in Calcutta today ; perhaps the world ’ s oldest photographic business.

" By divesting itself of the encumbrances and advantages inherited from older art forms, reportage, or the spontaneous fleeting aspect of the photographic image pushes toward a discovery of qualities apparently intrinsic to the medium, qualities that must necessarily distinguish the medium from others and through the self-examination of which it can emerge as a modernist art on a plane with others.

By 2009, Regan had created over 150 " What is Mr. Winkle " photographic characters as well as an extensive fine art series of her muse, collected in the form of published works and art prints.

By the end of the nineteenth century, all major cities had photographic studios where middle class Chinese could have portraits taken for family occasions ; western and Chinese photographers documented ordinary street life, major wars, and prominent figures ; and affluent Chinese adopted photography as a hobby.

By contrast, volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.

By 1839, scientists in Britain and Russia had independently devised metal deposition processes similar to Brugnatelli's for the copper electroplating of printing press plates.

By the Mesozoic, the three " Portuguese plates " were a part of the Northern France Armoric Plate until the Bay of Biscay began to separate.

By April 1720 Hogarth was an engraver in his own right, at first engraving coats of arms, shop bills, and designing plates for booksellers.

By 1871 he had devised a method of using dry plates and substituting nitro-cellulose plastic for glass plates, thus initiating the age of convenience in photography.

By 1870, the clay industry employed 700 men making crocks, bricks, churns, pie plates, sewer pipes, jugs, vases, urns and many other specialty products.

By applying a potential difference across the plates, a uniform electric field was created in the space between them.

* By 1891, Marsh published a more familiar view of Stegosaurus, with a single row of plates.

By the early 1960s, this had become ( and remains ) the prevalent idea, mainly because the one Stegosaurus stenops fossil with the plates still articulated indicates this arrangement.

By lecture and book, and with the aid of the memorable exhibition at the Burlington Fine Arts Club in 1877, he tried to give a true reflection of Rembrandt's work, giving a nobler idea of the master's mind by taking away from the list of his works many dull and unseemly plates that had long been included in the lists.

By reducing the distortion that increases proportionally with the size of the sheet of paper, the Bureau was able to convert from 12-note printing plates to plates capable of printing 18 notes in 1952.

By definition, intraplate earthquakes do not occur near plate boundaries, but along faults in the normally stable interior of plates.

By increasing the variety of secondary plates with different selective growth media, it is possible to rapidly screen a large number of individual isolated colonies for as many phenotypes as there are secondary plates.

By applying proper electrical signals across the plates, various segments of the liquid crystal can be activated, causing changes in their light diffusing or polarizing properties.

By 1971, most reggae singles issued in Jamaica included on their B-side a dub remix of the A-side, many of them first tested as exclusive " dub plates " on dances.

By December 2002 the airline announced that it planned to increase its leased space and use contiguous and efficient floor plates.

By the end of the 14th century, larger and complete full plates of armour had been developed.

By contrast, the 50 plates of the Supplement to the 3rd edition were engraved by D. Lizars.

By modulating the electric potential between the plates, the electric field is quickly changed to give a time-varying deflection of the electrons, sweeping the electrons across a phosphor screen at the end of the tube.