By the end of the spring of 1961, assuming that a general business recovery gets under way, interest rates should begin to edge upward again, depending upon the vigor of the recovery and the determination with which the monetary authorities move to restrain credit availability.

By the 1961 Formula One season, the Lotus and Ferrari teams had developed the mid-engined approach further than Cooper.

By 1961, the new military installations, including a new airfield, were operational.

By early 1961, the British had withdrawn their special court system, which handled the cases of foreigners resident in Kuwait, and the Kuwaiti Government began to exercise legal jurisdiction under new laws drawn up by an Egyptian jurist.

By 1961, a British military mission had converted the constabulary into a combined a brigade of 2, 500 men which also established small air and naval forces in 1961.

By 1961, NIPCO had cut all of the commercially viable coastal pines in northeast Nicaragua.

By 1961, solid-state, discrete op-amps were being produced.

By his middle period, sexual freedom and the elimination of sexual jealousy were a major theme of Stranger in a Strange Land ( 1961 ), in which the progressively minded but sexually conservative reporter, Ben Caxton, acts as a dramatic foil for the less parochial characters, Jubal Harshaw and Valentine Michael Smith ( Mike ).

By 1961, several test articles were ready for testing from USAF B-52 bombers, with drop-tests starting in January.

By the early 1960s films based on commando missions like The Gift Horse ( 1952 ) based on the St. Nazaire Raid, and Ill Met by Moonlight ( 1956 ) had begun to inspire fictional adventure films such as The Guns of Navarone ( 1961 ), The Train ( 1964 ), The Dirty Dozen ( 1967 ), Where Eagles Dare ( 1968 ) and Hannibal Brooks ( 1969 ), which used the war as the backdrop for spectacular action films.

By 1961, it began to be referred to as the " Daytona 500 ", by which it is still commonly known.

By 1961, Barrow had replaced Adams as Premier and the DLP controlled the government.

By 1910, it was included in Santa Clara Province, and then instead to Las Villas Province by 1961, but in 1976, it was re-assigned to Matanzas Province, when the original six provinces of Cuba were re-organized into 14 new Provinces of Cuba.

By 1961, Kroc had bought out the brothers and created what is now the modern McDonald's Corporation.

By 1961, 1. 65 million had fled to the west.

By 1961, President Ngo Dinh Diem faced significant discontent amongst some quarters of the southern population, including some Buddhists who were opposed to the rule of Diem's Catholic supporters.

By the end of 1961 before An Anthology of Chance Operations was completed ( it was finally published in 1963 by Mac Low and Young ), Maciunas had moved to Germany to escape his creditors.

By 1961, the roadway from Phoenix to Flagstaff had been established, but not to Interstate standards.

" By late 1961, the 2000 installed in the USA were about one quarter of all electronic stored-program computers by all manufacturers.

By 1951 the population of Ickenham had reached 7, 107, and this had risen to 10, 370 by 1961 and 11, 214 by 1971.

The top albums were “ Wonderland By Night ” and “ On Stage ” in 1961.

By 1961, this community of 1. 75 square miles – which Johnson named Sunrise Golf Village – had less than 350 residents.

By 1961, a special census showed that Sauk Village had 1, 258 homes and 5, 774 residents.

By the beginning of December 1961 the EP with the title song " Quand le film est triste ", covering Sue Thompson's " Sad Movies ( Make Me Cry )" was on sale.

By means of this social control, deviance is either eliminated or somehow made compatible with the function of the social group.

By the end of 1898, Western pilgrims started coming to Akka on pilgrimage to visit ` Abdu ' l-Bahá ; this group of pilgrims, including Phoebe Hearst, was the first time that Bahá ' ís raised up in the West had met ` Abdu ' l-Bahá.

By 1974, another challenge to the state's authority and legitimacy had come from 19 April Movement ( M-19 ), a mostly urban guerrilla group founded allegedly in response to an electoral fraud during the final National Front election of Misael Pastrana ( 1970 – 1974 ) and the defeat of former dictator Gustavo Rojas.

By the time of Henry IV, bargaining by the peasants for the benefit of the group was the norm.

By 1850, Parliament had enacted several statutes on a case-by-case basis to deal with issues regularly faced by certain types of organizations, like joint-stock companies, and with the impetus for most types of group litigation removed, it went into a steep decline in English jurisprudence from which it never recovered.

By extension, it has come to include an extreme and unreasoning partisanship on behalf of any group to which one belongs, especially when the partisanship includes malice and hatred towards rival groups.

By January 1972, Berg introduced through his letters that he was God's prophet for this time, further establishing his spiritual authority within the group.

By 1978, it was widely practiced by members of the group.

By now the group had become a de-facto political force, pitting itself against rising elements of American social and political life such as the religious right, Ronald Reagan and the idle rich.

By the time the movie was completed, they had taken the name Oingo Boingo and begun recording and touring as a rock group.

By the late 1930s, Thomas was embraced as the " poetic herald " for a group of English poets, the New Apocalyptics.

" By the end of the following year he had taken up the ukelele and tea-chest bass and begun to participate in skiffle sessions with friends, and had started to play the piano ; meanwhile his stage presentation of numbers by both Presley and Chuck Berry — complete with gyrations in tribute to the original artists — to his local Wolf Cub group was described as " mesmerizing ... like someone from another planet.

By the late 1970s, the EPLF had become the dominant armed Eritrean group fighting against the Ethiopian Government, and Isaias Afewerki had emerged as its leader.

By the phenomenalistic line of thinking, to have a visual experience of a real physical thing is to have an experience of a certain kind of group of experiences.

By 1947, Hayek was an organizer of the Mont Pelerin Society, a group of classical liberals who sought to oppose what they saw as socialism in various areas.

By 1909, Minnie Marx successfully managed to assemble her sons into a low-quality vaudeville singing group.

By the time of Julius Caesar, a group of Germans led by the Suebian chieftain Ariovistus were expanding into Gaul, until stopped by Caesar at the battle of Vosges.

**** By thematic or group

By 1968 Parsons had come to the attention of The Byrds ' bassist, Chris Hillman, via Larry Spector ( The Byrds ' business manager ), as a possible replacement band member following the departures of David Crosby and Michael Clarke from the group in late 1967.

By extending the symmetry group O ( 4 ) to the dynamical group O ( 4, 2 ),

By 1798 Rapp and his group of followers had already begun to distance themselves from mainstream society and intended to establish a new religious congregation of fellow believers.

By using variable block lengths, a large publisher will have few digits allocated for the publisher number and many digits allocated for titles ; likewise countries publishing much will have few allocated digits for the group identifier, and many for the publishers and titles.

By 1954, Brown had tried to get a deal with his gospel group, the Ever Ready Gospel Singers after recording a version of " His Eye Is on the Sparrow ", but returned to Toccoa when they failed to get a deal.

By March 1957, a full year after the release of " Please, Please, Please ", most members of the Famous Flames had left the group after the group's new manager, Universal Attractions Agency Chief Ben Bart, insisted that the group's billing be " James Brown and The Famous Flames ".