By 1980 the infrequency of sightings of Mount Ararat, which looms about sixty kilometers across the Turkish border, became a symbol of worsening air pollution in Yerevan.

By 1980 postmodernist sensibilities undercut confidence in overarching metanarratives.

By French aristocrat Mélanie de Gaufridy de Dortan ( 1876 – 1937 ), he had Roger Marie Vincent Philippe Lévêque de Vilmorin ( 12 September 1905 – 20 July 1980 )

By 1980, the way the game was played had changed dramatically due to innovative coaching tactics, with the phasing out of many of the game's kicking styles and the increasing use of handball ; whilst presentation was influenced by television.

By 1980 Brazil had become a net exporter of arms.

By May 1984, Ken Barlow stood as the only original cast member, after the departures of Ena Sharples ( in 1980 ), Annie Walker ( in 1983 ), Elsie Tanner ( in 1984 ) and Albert Tatlock ( also 1984 ).

By comparison, when Mount St. Helens erupted in 1980, it released ~ 1. 2 km < sup > 3 </ sup > ( DRE ) of ejecta.

During the late 1970s he acquired a large public audience as a critic of the then Labour government's disregard of civil liberties ; his writings from this time are collected in Writing By Candlelight ( 1980 ).

By the time the film " The Empire Strikes Back " was released in 1980 Star Wars fanzines had surpassed Star Trek zines in sales.

By 1990, Chile had fulfilled Hayek's prediction by transitioning to a democratic state as established in the 1980 Constitution of Chile approved during the Pinochet regime.

" By 1980, Carangi began having violent temper tantrums, walking out of photo shoots, and even falling asleep in front of the camera.

By 1982, only four players and three starting pitchers remained from the 1980 squad.

By 1980 the firm had operations in southern Africa, Australia, China, Great Britain, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, as well as the United States, and employed 37, 000 people.

By 1980, Cagney was contributing financially to the Republican Party, supporting his friend Ronald Reagan's bid for the presidency in the 1980 election.

By 1980, a number of national computer facilities ( ULCC London, UMRCC Manchester, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory serving the Science and Engineering Research Council community ), each with their own star network had developed.

By 1980 due to poor ratings and then infrequent television coverage the golden-age of kickboxing in Japan was suddenly finished.

By 1980 the Krugerrand accounted for 90 % of the global gold coin market.

* Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. Metaphors We Live By ( IL: University of Chicago Press, 1980 ), Chapters 1 – 3.

By 1980, when the name of the CMF was changed to the Army Reserve, the regular army was the more significant force.

By circa 1980 the use of a " record changer ", which might scuff up or otherwise damage the discs, was widely disparaged, so the " turntable " emerged triumphant and retained its position to the end of the 20th Century and beyond.

By 1980 there were more than 250 ; by 1996 there were more than 450.

By 1980, Berlusconi had established a relationship with the actress Veronica Lario ( born Miriam Bartolini ), with whom he subsequently had three children: Barbara ( b. 1984 ), Eleonora ( b. 1986 ) and Luigi ( b. 1988 ).

By way of comparison, the 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption was a VEI-5 with 1. 2 km < sup > 3 </ sup > of ejecta.

Side By Side By Sondheim ( 1976 ), Marry Me A Little ( 1980 ), You're Gonna Love Tomorrow ( 1983 ) Putting It Together ( 1993 ), and Sondheim on Sondheim ( 2010 ) are anthologies or revues of Sondheim's work as composer and lyricist, featuring both songs performed and cut from productions.

By clarifying fundamental premises in the social sciences, and defining the logical problems emergent at the borderlands of each new scientific discipline, philosophy can offer the sort of distinction that can accelerate growth in human understanding.

By this same combination of the will and the imagination, each one of us can learn to portray permanently the kind of character we would like to be.

By using instruments of gradually increasing size, the vagina is gently, and with minimum pain at each stage, taught to yield to an object of the appropriate shape.

By having three stations, a total of three different cars can be operated on at the same time, each one at a different stage of its assembly.

By treating each candidate as a separate question, " Do you approve of this person for the job?

By the 1920s, each state in the United States had passed public laws that stipulated a certain day to be Arbor Day or Arbor and Bird Day observance.

By patiently transcribing each word of the text, the writer was made to contemplate the meaning of it.

* By whether the same key is used for both encryption and decryption ( symmetric key algorithms ), or if a different key is used for each ( asymmetric key algorithms ).

By this method each bull can serve very many cows, so only a very few of the purebred dairy male calves are needed to provide bulls for breeding.

By giving each channel a different frequency " slot " on the cable the separate television signals do not interfere.

By exposing an azeotrope to a vacuum or positive pressure, it's possible to bias the boiling point of one component away from the other by exploiting the differing vapour pressure curves of each ; the curves may overlap at the azeotropic point, but are unlikely to be remain identical further along the pressure axis either side of the azeotropic point.

* By adding bits to each encoded unit, the redundancy allows both to detect errors in coded data and to correct them based on mathematical algorithms.

* By adding bits to each encoded unit, the redundancy allows both to detect errors in coded data and to correct them based on mathematical algorithms.

By externalizing such functionality to the DBMS, applications effectively share code with each other and are relieved of much internal complexity.

By contrast, a dynamic web page is a broader concept, covering any web page generated differently for each user, load occurrence, or specific variable values.

By construction, each point on the curve shows productive efficiency in maximizing output for given total inputs.

By the mid — 18th century the French chemist Charles François de Cisternay du Fay had discovered two types of static electricity, and that like charges repel each other whilst unlike charges attract.

By reversing the steps in the Euclidean algorithm, the GCD can be expressed as a sum of the two original numbers each multiplied by a positive or negative integer, e. g., 21 = × 105 + × 252.

By definition, the first two numbers in the Fibonacci sequence are 0 and 1, and each subsequent number is the sum of the previous two.

By 1927 readers, often young adults, would write to each other, bypassing the magazine.

By inspection, each of the small natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, ... is the product of primes.

By the 1st century BCE, noxii were being condemned to the beasts ( damnati ad bestias ) in the arena, with almost no chance of survival, or were made to kill each other.

By 2006, such was the confusion from these multiple Acts, each amending the others ( and not all of which were ever actually commenced and thus were in the public record but not enforced as actual legislation ); and the amendments of Irish firearms legislation by other Acts ranging from the Wildlife Acts ( mostly relating to hunting law ) to the Road Traffic Acts ( relating to how and where firearms could be transported ) and others ; the large amount of secondary legislation ( Statutory Instruments, which set out regulations, the design of application forms for licences and so forth, as well as the details of when various parts of the Acts came into force ); as well as the introduction of EU firearms law into the canon of Irish legislation ; led the Irish Law Reform Commission to recommend that all the extant legislation be restated a legal process by which all the existing primary and secondary legislation would be read as one and a single document produced as the new Firearms Act ( and all prior Acts would be repealed ).

By sorting formulas according to the number of atoms of each element present in the formula according to these rules, with differences in earlier elements or numbers being treated as more significant than differences in any later element or number — like sorting text strings into lexicographical order — it is possible to collate chemical formulas into what is known as Hill system order.

By typing " HINT " twice the player would open up a screen of possible topics where they could then reveal one hint at a time for each puzzle, just like the books.