By this time, the use of the glyph had already reached Persia, and was mentioned in Al-Khwarizmi's descriptions of Indian numerals.

By comparison, estimates of the population density per square kilometer of the Indian Ocean's other island microstates ranged from 241 ( Seychelles ) to 690 ( Maldives ) in 1993.

By the end of 1940 all of the Indian cavalry had been mechanised, receiving light tanks, armoured cars or 15cwt trucks.

By 4 July, the Australian 9th Division had entered the line in the north, and on 9 July Indian 5th Infantry Brigade also returned taking over the Ruweisat position.

By the 1850s, the East India Company controlled most of the Indian sub-continent, which included present-day Pakistan and Bangladesh.

By contrast, among some Indian holy men, the hair is worn extremely long.

By July 1942, the British and Indian forces in Burma had completed their fighting retreat back into India, and Alexander, having yet again been mentioned in despatches for his Burma service, was recalled to the United Kingdom.

By 1815, Britain became the principal power in the Indian Ocean.

By late 1824, Monroe approved Calhoun's plans and in a special message to the Senate on January 27, 1825, requested the creation of the Arkansas Territory and Indian Territory.

By 1977 China had joined Intelsat and, using ground stations in Beijing and Shanghai, had linked up with satellites over the Indian and Pacific oceans.

By most accounts, Coca-Cola was India's leading soft drink until 1977 when it left India after a new government ordered The Coca-Cola Company to turn over its secret formula for Coke and dilute its stake in its Indian unit as required by the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act ( FERA ).

By the 19th century the philosophers Schopenhauer and Nietzsche could access the Indian scriptures for discussion of the doctrine of reincarnation, which recommended itself to the American Transcendentalists Henry David Thoreau, Walt Whitman and Ralph Waldo Emerson and was adapted by Francis Bowen into Christian Metempsychosis.

By contrast, British Scouting makes use of imagery drawn from the Indian subcontinent, because that region was a significant focus in the early years of Scouting.

By 1750, slavery was a legal institution in all of the 13 American colonies, and the profits of the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to 5 % of the British economy at the time of the Industrial Revolution.

By the beginning of the second millennium CE the Swahili towns conducted a thriving trade that linked Africans in the interior with trade partners throughout the Indian Ocean.

By the 6th century, the Gupta Empire ruling over the northern Indian subcontinent was largely broken up.

By this time mahogany from Cuba, Haiti and other West Indian sources was becoming increasingly difficult to obtain in commercial sizes, and by the late 20th century Central American and even South American mahogany was heading in a similar direction.

By 1820 the city's silk industry had been killed by imported Indian muslins.

By examining 10 microsatelite loci, researchers found two genetically distinct subpopulations of coconut – one originating in the Indian Ocean, the other in the Pacific Ocean.

* Mukto-mona. com, an Indian Skeptic's explanation of miracles: By Yuktibaadi, compiled by Basava Premanand

By 2010 Peugeot planned on pursuing new markets, mainly in China, Russia and South America and in 2011 decided to re-enter the Indian market after 14 years with a new factory at Sanand, Gujarat, India.

By 1907, when Oklahoma was admitted as a state, Indian Territory ceased to exist.

By 1840 many plains tribes had made peace with each other and developed Plains Indian Sign Language as a means of communicate with their allies.

By 1803, the Mission Indians population had increased, by Indian Reductions, to 1, 436 Chumash people.

By the time Mission San Jose was closed as an agricultural commune in the mid-1830s, Plains Miwok was the predominate native language among its neophyte Indian people ( Milliken 2008 ).

" By this Derrida means that all claims to know something necessarily involve an assertion of the metaphysical type that something is the case somewhere.

By the end of August, relations improved again as the countries had redrawn the Hungarian and Romanian borders, settled some Bulgarian claims and Stalin was again convinced that Germany would face a long war in the west with Britain's improvement in its air battle with Germany and the execution of an agreement between the United States and Britain regarding destroyers and bases.

By contrast, many ethical philosophers have tried to prove some of their claims about ethics by appealing to an analysis of the meaning of the term " good "; they held, that is, that " good " can be defined in terms of one or more natural properties which we already understand ( such as " pleasure ", in the case of hedonists ).

By yielding the Papal claims to Parma, Clement obtained the restitution of Avignon and Benevento, and in general he succeeded in placing the relations of the spiritual and the temporal authorities on a friendlier footing.

By granting the actio the praetor in the end has created claims.

By stating what claims and defenses are at issue, pleadings establish the issues to be decided by the court.

By the 1920 Treaty of Trianon, Hungary renounced in favour of Romania all the claims of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy over Transylvania.

By contrast, nonjustificational criticism works towards attacking claims themselves.

By 431, as a deacon, he occupied a sufficiently important position for Cyril of Alexandria to apply to him in order that Rome's influence should be thrown against the claims of Juvenal of Jerusalem to patriarchal jurisdiction over Palestine — unless this letter is addressed rather to Pope Celestine I.

By reference to " resolutions of Arab Summits " and " UN resolutions since 1947 " ( like SC 242 ) it implicitly and perhaps ambiguously restricted its immediate claims to the Palestinian territories and Jerusalem.

By the treaty of two years later, the Habsburgs renounced all claims to the territory of the city.

By the time the coconut naturally falls, the husk has become brown, the coir has become drier and softer, and the coconut is less likely to cause damage when it drops, although there have been instances of coconuts falling from palms and injuring people, and claims of some fatalities.

By contrasting the ease and freedom enjoyed by Samoan teenagers, Mead called into question claims that the stress and rebelliousness that characterize American adolescence is natural and inevitable.

By this time Arnor had been destroyed and the Line of Isildur had gone into hiding, so no more claims were expected.

By the Treaty of Corbeil, signed in May 1258, he ended his conflict with Louis IX of France, securing the renunciation of French claims to sovereignty over Catalonia.

By the Middle Ages it came to be a tradition to evade the inequality between daughters and sons via a legal fiction, in which the father claims that he is indebted to his daughter for a certain sum of money, and that this debt is due by him and his heirs, and then makes a formal agreement that this debt is to be paid upon his death, either in cash or as a proportion of his estate equal to half the share of one of the sons ; by this legal mechanism, the daughter would either gain a share in her father's estate, or a sum of money equal to its value.

By the Treaty of Noyon, signed on the 13 August 1516 between Francis I of France and emperor Charles V, France abandoned its claims to the Kingdom of Naples and received the Duchy of Milan in recompense.

By 1885 there were more than 250 individual claims in operation.

By July 1864, 4500 claims had been recorded in the that district.

By 1870, however, much of the excess population of the region had been drained off to other mining rushes and returns on claims had fallen somewhat.

By that time a good percentage of the population was Chinese, as the Chinese were allowed to work the less rewarding claims that the white miners would not touch.

By providing a copy of the complaint, the service also notifies the defendants of the nature of the claims.

By 1868, both iron and zinc operations were in progress at Sterling Hill, but the numerous companies and claims were embroiled in continuous legal battles, the largest of which was a 12-year dispute between the New Jersey Zinc Company and the Franklin Iron Company over rights to mixed ores, each company having purchased the right to mine zinc and iron, respectively.

By ceding claims to the Hebrides and Kintyre to Magnus, Edgar acknowledged the practical realities of the existing situation.

( By contrast, within a stock company, an initial reserve for future claims liabilities is set aside immediately, “ in year 1 ”.