By the 1990s, however, mentalité history had become interdisciplinary to the point of fragmentation, but still lacked a solid theoretical basis.

By the early 1990s, commercial flights connected Comoros with France, Mauritius, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, and Madagascar.

By the 1990s, the US had adopted the M4 carbine, a derivative of the M16 family which fired the same 5. 56mm cartridge but was lighter and shorter ( in overall length and barrel length ), resulting in marginally reduced range and power.

By the 1990s Conservative Judaism continued to flourish, yet dichotomies of practice and belief, which had been present for years, began to formulate.

By the early 1990s, the performance of microprocessor-based computers reached the point that real-time generation of computer music using more general programs and algorithms became possible.

By the 1990s, many of these bands and artists had disbanded, were no longer performing, or were being carried by independent labels because their music tended to be more lyrically complex ( and often more controversial ) than mainstream Christian pop.

By contrast, the Soviet Union's transition was much more problematic and its successor republics faced a sharp decline in GDP during the early 1990s.

By the end of the 1980s, the economy had made a healthy recovery, which weakened in the 1990s due to a decrease in banana prices.

By the early 1990s there was sufficient interest among his seminar graduates to launch a collaborative implementation of his work, and the Bootstrap Alliance was formed as a non-profit home base for this effort.

By the early 1990s, however, relational systems were dominant for all large-scale data processing applications, and they remain dominant today ( 2012 ) except in niche areas.

By the late 1990s, however, the focus had shifted to health care fraud, which now accounts for the majority of cases filed by whistleblowers and by the government.

By the end of the 1990s, 11 fishing farms were registered in Guadeloupe and experiments are under way to catch and market fish in order to respond to growing demand.

By the late 1990s, Gopher had largely ceased expanding.

By the early 1990s, conflicts developed in the Microsoft / IBM relationship.

By the 1990s, farm laborers had nearly all moved on, leaving owners of small farms.

By the early 1990s many small independent luthiers began making archtop guitars.

By the 1990s, however, these gathering systems were breaking down in many areas.

By the end of the 1990s, he was appearing only in the occasional commercial, largely because of health problems ( in 1995, he was diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma ).

By the late 1990s, private meteorite-collecting expeditions had been launched throughout the Sahara.

By the late 1990s, many personal computer motherboards supported a full range of audio, video, storage, and networking functions without the need for any expansion cards at all ; higher-end systems for 3D gaming and computer graphics typically retained only the graphics card as a separate component.

By the late 1990s MIPS was a powerhouse in the embedded processor field, and in 1997 the 48-millionth MIPS-based CPU shipped, making it the first RISC CPU to outship the famous 68k family.

By the mid-1990s, work on microkernel systems was largely dead, despite the market generally believing that all modern operating systems would be microkernel based by the 1990s.

By the early 1990s, Silicon Graphics ( SGI ) was a leader in 3D graphics for workstations.

By the 1990s, punk rock was sufficiently ingrained in Western culture that punk trappings were often used to market highly commercial bands as " rebels ".

By the early 1960s, most of East and Central Africa, where the majority of the Ismāʿīlī population on the continent resided including Tanganyika, Kenya, Uganda, Malagasy, Rwanda, Burundi and Zaire, had attained their political independence.

By that time, the majority of black people were U. S .- born, so use of the term " African " became problematic.

By 1921 he was the majority owner, maintaining that status into the 1930s.

By 1960, the vast majority of country-states were nominally democracies, although most of the world's populations lived in nations that experienced sham elections, and other forms of subterfuge ( particularly in Communist nations and the former colonies.

By nature of their general training they can carry out the majority of dental treatments such as restorative ( fillings, crowns, bridges ), prosthetic ( dentures ), endodontic ( root canal ) therapy, periodontal ( gum ) therapy, and exodontia ( extraction of teeth ), as well as performing examinations, radiographs ( x-rays ) and diagnosis.

By mid-December to early January, the majority are usually found between Monterey and San Diego, often visible from shore.

By November, when Leclerc died of yellow fever, 24 000 French soldiers were dead and 8, 000 were hospitalized, the majority from disease.

By contrast it was continually read and taught in the Greek-speaking Eastern Roman Empire where the majority of the classics also survived.

By the 6th century the majority of the modern county was part of the East Saxon kingdom.

By the mid-19th century, English was the majority language spoken in the country.

By the 1830s the majority of Jews in Ukraine, Galicia, and central Poland were Hasidic, as were substantial minorities in Belarus, Hungary and

By 1990 Japan's interaction with the vast majority of Asia-Pacific countries, especially its burgeoning economic exchanges, was multifaceted and increasingly important to the recipient countries.

By December 1996 the Conservatives had lost their majority in the House of Commons.

By 1547, opposition to Calvin and other French refugee ministers had grown to constitute the majority of the syndics, the civil magistrates of Geneva.

By then, many of the French refugees had been granted citizenship and with their support, Calvin's partisans elected the majority of the syndics and the councillors.

By the 1960s the majority of instructors at the university had degrees from Western universities.

By the fifth to 4th centuries BC, the island had grown to an estimated population of over 120, 000 ( two to three times the estimated population in 2005 ), and based on the huge necropoli at the main city of Chios, the asty, it is thought the majority lived in that area.

By January 1970, Zambia had acquired majority holding in the Zambian operations of the two major foreign mining interests, the Anglo American Corporation and the Rhodesia Selection Trust ( RST ); the two became the Nchanga Consolidated Copper Mines ( NCCM ) and Roan Consolidated Mines ( RCM ), respectively.

By 1960, Muslims were thought to constitute a majority of the population, which contributed to Muslim unrest regarding the political system.

By what he was able to do defensively and on the bases, Royce deserved to play the majority of the games.

By the late 20th century the majority of the world's countries had a prime minister or equivalent minister, holding office under either a constitutional monarchy or a ceremonial president.

By 1908, a majority of the public demanded double-sided disc recordings, and cylinders fell into disfavor.

By convention, the party or political grouping which has majority support in the House of Assembly will nominate its leader to be Premier.