By 1911, his description of the disease was being used by European physicians to diagnose patients in the US.

By the 18th century an increasing number of new plants had arrived in Europe from newly discovered countries and the European colonies worldwide and a larger number of plants became available for study.

By the end of his sole rule ( AD 14 ), Augustus had expanded the empire to the line of the Danube river, which was to remain its central / eastern European border for its entire history ( except for the occupation of Dacia 105-275 ).

By managing the European and African populations as one-by strategic exports from Europe combined with in-situ transfers, gene-loss is reduced to 0. 72 % every 100 years with both populations remaining stable.

By 2012, 26 varieties herbicide-resistant GM maize were authorised for import into the European Union ,.

By the 19th century, European cavalry fell into four main categories:

By the dawn of World War II, many of the European Dadaists had emigrated to the United States.

By the Napoleonic Wars the primary role of dragoons in most European armies had progressed from that of mounted infantry to that of medium cavalry.

By the end of 2000, many European and American business companies offered their services through the World Wide Web.

By 1990, floorball was recognized in 7 countries, and by the time of the first European Floorball Championships in 1994, that number had risen to 14.

By the mid-1990s, Ghana Airways operated international scheduled passenger and cargo service to numerous European, Middle Eastern, and African destinations, including London, Düsseldorf, Rome, Abidjan, Dakar, Lagos, Lomé, and Johannesburg.

By the end of the Early Modern period however, and the beginnings of the Enlightenment, many European governments brought in laws prohibiting many superstitious beliefs in an attempt to bring an end to the Witch Hunt ; this would invariably affect the release of grimoires.

By this time, however, trade with the European continent had spread this outbreak of plague to France, where it died out the following winter.

By the mid-16th century, the nesting colonies along the European side of the Atlantic were nearly all eliminated by humans killing this bird for its down, which was used to make pillows.

By 1700, Chesapeake planters brought in about 100, 000 indentured servants, more than 75 % of all European immigrants to Virginia and Maryland.

By November 1944, they had thrown out the Germans, being with Yugoslavia the only East European nations to do so without any assistance from the Soviet Army.

By the time of her death in 1796, Catherine's expansionist policy had made Russia into a major European power.

By comparison, this proportion reached only 17 per cent in Wallonia, barely 10 per cent in most West European countries, 16 per cent in France and 25 per cent in England.

By the time Monroe became president, several European powers, in particular Spain, were attempting to re-establish control over South America.

As for the contradiction between German rearmament and his message of peace, Ribbentrop argued to whoever would listen that the German people had been “ humiliated ” by the Versailles treaty, that Germany wanted peace above all, and German violations of Versailles were part of an effort to restore Germany's " self-respect " By the 1930s, much of British opinion had been convinced that the treaty was monstrously unfair and unjust to Germany, so as a result, many in Britain like Thomas Jones were very open to Ribbentrop ’ s message that if only Versailles could be done away with, then European peace would be secured.

By 1850 European explorers had begun mapping the interior.

By 1952 a multiracial pattern of quotas allowed for 14 European, 1 Arab, and 6 Asian elected members, together with an additional 6 African and 1 Arab member chosen by the governor.

By the end of his first season with Liverpool, Dalglish had played 62 times and scored 31 goals, including the winning goal in the 1978 European Cup Final final at Wembley against Bruges.

By the time of independence of Pakistan in 1947, Karachi had become a bustling metropolis with beautiful classical and colonial European styled buildings, lining the city ’ s thoroughfares.

By the end of the 20th century, almost the only steam power still in regular use in North America and Western European countries was on heritage railways largely aimed at tourists and / or railroad hobbyists, known as ' railfans ' or ' railway enthusiasts ', although some narrow gauge lines in Germany which form part of the public transport system, running to all-year-round timetables retain steam for all or part of their motive power.

By far the largest regional market was the Middle East, to which Brazil sold approximately 50 % of its arms from 1977 through 1988.

By the Middle Ages Boudica was forgotten.

By the late Middle Ages these were a near-universal feature of Western churches, but are now very rare.

By the Middle Ages, some writers adopted more relaxed versions of the meter.

By the English Middle Ages the term had been expanded to include not only the message, but also the New Testament which contained the message, as well as more specifically the four books of the Bible in which the life, death and resurrection of Jesus are portrayed.

By the 9th century AD the city of Shiraz was known to produce some of the finest wines in the Middle East.

By 1963, Holden was exporting cars to Africa, the Middle East, South-East Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Caribbean.

By the Middle Bronze Age, increasing numbers of smelted iron objects ( distinguishable from meteoric iron by the lack of nickel in the product ) appeared in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and South Asia.

By the Middle Ages the texts of the prayers were nearly fixed, and in the form in which they are still used today.

By welcoming educated and worldly Jews from both Christian Europe and the Islamic Middle East, Khazars rapidly absorbed many of the arts and technologies of civilization.

By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior.

By the Middle Preclassic Period ( 900-300 BC ), Olmec artistic styles had been adopted as far away as the Valley of Mexico and Costa Rica.

" By the mid-1970s ," according to The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East, " the idea of Arab unity became less and less apparent in Arab politics, though it remained a wishful goal among the masses.

By the end of the 18th century, in addition to the trivium and quadrivium of the Middle Ages, the definition of a classical education embraced study of literature, poetry, drama, philosophy, history, art, and languages.

By 1901 he had begun to write about spiritual topics, initially in the form of discussions of historical figures such as the mystics of the Middle Ages.

By 1981 overseas construction projects, most of them in the Middle East, accounted for 60 percent of the work undertaken by South Korean construction companies.

By the Middle Ages the shepherd's sling was largely militarily extinct outside the Iberian peninsula, where the Spanish and Portuguese infantry favoured it against light and agile Moorish troops ; a sling projectile, while dangerous even against an armoured opponent, would be lethal against a light and unarmoured foe.

By the Middle Ages the texts of the prayers were nearly fixed, and in the form in which they are still used today.

By 313 BC, Hellenic ideas had begun their almost 250-year expansion into the Near East, Middle East, and Central Asian cultures.

By the end of 1969, the SCA's three original kingdoms had been established: West, East, and Middle.

By the early Middle Ages the Warmians, an Old Prussian tribe, inhabited the area.

By the Middle Kingdom period, as the funeral texts began to be used by members of Egyptian society other than the royal family, the role of Isis as protector also grew, to include the protection of nobles and even commoners.

By the last years of Tamar's reign, the Georgian state had reached the zenith of its power and prestige in the Middle Ages.