By the end of the century the Roman Catholic Church was beginning to make itself felt, mainly through such institutions as hospitals but also through its attitude towards organized labour.

By 1840 there were still only ten colonial bishops for the Church of England ; but even this small beginning greatly facilitated the growth of Anglicanism around the world.

By the beginning of the 8th century, these kingdoms had either been conquered by Nicene neighbors ( Ostrogoths, Vandals, Burgundians ) or their rulers had accepted Nicene Christianity ( Visigoths, Lombards ).

By the beginning of World War II, many towns and cities had built space, and there were numerous qualified pilots available.

By the 1950s, the development of civil jets grew, beginning with the de Havilland Comet, though the first widely-used passenger jet was the Boeing 707, because it was much more economical than other planes at the time.

By the beginning of the twentieth century, Steiner's interests turned to explicitly spiritual areas of research.

By the time the Gospels of Luke and Matthew were written, Jesus is portrayed as being the Son of God from the time of birth, and finally the Gospel of John portrays him as the pre-existent Word () as existing " in the beginning ".

By a 20th-century classification, the idealists ( Kant, Hegel and others ), are considered the beginning of continental philosophy, while the empiricists are the beginning, or the immediate predecessors, of analytical philosophy.

By the mid-1990s, however, companies were beginning to ask what the return was on the investment they had made in this loosely controlled PC software buying spree.

By the end of Judges the Israelites are in a worse condition than they were at the beginning, with Yahweh's treasures used to make idolatrous images, the Levites ( priests ) corrupted, the tribe of Dan conquering a remote village instead of the Canaanite cities, and the tribes of Israel making war on the Benjamites, their own brothers.

By the late 19th century, as a result of the faster shipping, expanding fishery and industrialization of the island, exchanges of people between the island of Newfoundland and Cape Breton increased beginning a cultural exchange that continues to this day.

By early 2000 there had been the beginning of an economic recovery, with the export sector leading the way, as it enjoyed the benefit of the more competitive exchange rate, as well as strong prices for petroleum, Colombia's leading export product.

By the 19th century, the season for celery had been extended, to last from the beginning of September to late in April.

By the beginning of the Warring States, progress in astronomy and mathematics allowed the creation of calculated calendars ( where intercalary months and days are set by a rule, and not arbitrarily ).

By the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Royal Society in England was discussing the practice of inoculation, and the smallpox epidemic in 1713 spurred further interest.

By the beginning of 1984, quarterly sales of the ColecoVision had dramatically decreased.

By the beginning of the 19th century, government policy on both sides of the Atlantic began to change, reflecting the growing popularity of the proposition that corporations were riding the economic wave of the future.

By the beginning of August 1524, they had received the requisite permission to discover and conquer lands further south.

By convention, unknowns are denoted by letters at the end of the alphabet, x, y, z, w, …, while knowns are denoted by letters at the beginning, a, b, c, d, ….

By the time Allen reached his teens, the area, while still a difficult area in which to make a living, began to resemble a town, with wood-frame houses beginning to replace the rough cabins of the early settlers.

By convention, letters at the beginning of the alphabet ( e. g. ) are typically used to represent constants, and those toward the end of the alphabet ( e. g. and ) are used to represent variables.

By 1912 and 1913, there are beginning to be many films from many American companies that rely on applying novel decoration to the story, rather than supplying any twists to the drama itself to sustain interest.

By the beginning of the Civil War, Austria-Hungary, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland had recognized Finnish independence.

By the 9th century, eunuch singers were well-known ( not least in the choir of Hagia Sophia ), and remained so until the sack of Constantinople by the Western forces of the Fourth Crusade in 1204.

By the end of 1204 he had around 50 large galleys available ; another 54 vessels were built between 1209 and 1212.

By arrangement among the crusaders, Byzantine territory was divided: in the Partitio terrarum imperii Romaniae, signed on 1 October 1204, three eighths — including Crete and other islands — went to the Republic of Venice.

By virtue of the Statute Law Revision Act 2007, the oldest Act currently in force in Ireland is the Fairs Act 1204.

By the time of Theodosius I ( 379-395 ) it meant the leading municipal magistrate ( like a modern Mayor ) but from late 10th century until 1204, a civil governor of a theme.

By the end of the century, and possibly as early as the 1150, contemporary commentators believed the two peoples to be blending, and the loss of the Duchy in 1204 reinforced this trend.

By the reign of Håkon IV ( 1204 – 1263 ) the Norwegian hird was no longer exclusively focused on the military function, and had acquired several subdivisions on continental patterns, with squires ( kertilsveinr, literally " candle-men ", which were ceremonially required to hold candles at hird ceremonies ), men-at-arms ( hirdmenn ) and knights ( skutilsveinr, literally " table-men ").

By him she was the grandmother of Emperors Isaac II Angelos and Alexios III Angelos.

Having made Jacob a ruler over his brothers, Isaac could only promise, " By your sword you shall live, but your brother you shall serve ; yet it shall be that when you are aggrieved, you may cast off his yoke from upon your neck " ( 27: 39-40 ).

By Elizabeth he had four children: David II, John ( died in childhood ), Matilda ( who married Thomas Isaac and died at Aberdeen 20 July 1353 ), and Margaret ( who married William de Moravia, 5th Earl of Sutherland in 1345 ).

By far the best known commentary on the Babylonian Talmud is that of Rashi ( Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac, 1040 – 1105 ).

By contrast, The Foundation Series by Isaac Asimov originally consisted of Foundation, Foundation and Empire and Second Foundation and was considered a trilogy.

By 1679, Hooke thought gravitation had inverse square dependence and communicated this in a letter to Isaac Newton.

By 1692, de Moivre became friends with Edmond Halley and soon after with Isaac Newton himself.

By 1196, Isaac II had allowed the once powerful Byzantine navy to decline to only 30 galleys.

" That same year, two Jimmy Webb songs became hits for the second time with Isaac Hayes ' soulful version of " By the Time I Get to Phoenix " and Waylon Jennings ' Grammy-winning country version of " MacArthur Park ".

By the winter of 1496 Isaac and Bartolomea had gone from Pisa to Vienna to Innsbruck, and on 3 April 1497, Isaac was appointed court composer for Maximilian I.

By silently complying with God's instructions to kill Isaac, Abraham was putting pressure on God to act in a moral way to preserve life.

" By saying that we ( as opposed to I ), he meant that both he and Isaac will return.

The Binding of Isaac is mentioned in the New Testament Epistle to the Hebrews among many acts of faith recorded in the Old Testament: By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises offered up his only begotten son, of whom it was said, " In Isaac your seed shall be called ," concluding that God was able to raise him up, even from the dead, from which he also received him in a figurative sense.

By 1615 Isaac had established a new company ( the Australian Company ) with the goal to find a new route to the Pacific and the Spice Islands, thereby evading the restrictions of the VOC.

By June, four of the seven Watch Tower Society directors — Robert H. Hirsh, Alfred I. Ritchie, Isaac F. Hoskins and James D. Wright — had decided they had erred in endorsing Rutherford's expanded powers of management, claiming Rutherford had become autocratic.

The track's main riff is sampled from Isaac Hayes ' recording of the 1960s hit Walk On By.

By the time of Isaac Newton's research, paper or vellum was an important computing resource, and even in our present time, researchers like Enrico Fermi would cover random scraps of paper with calculation, to satisfy their curiosity about an equation.

By 1996, Lawler wrestled occasionally on WWF Superstars where he would take on jobbers while holding a microphone in the ring to, essentially, " do the commentary on ( his ) very own matches " while occasionally serving as the official cornerman for Isaac Yankem D. D. S.

By then ,'s Gravesande was embroiled in a bitter academic dispute with members of Isaac Newton's circle about the possibility of gravity-powered perpetual motion, which's Gravesande persistently defended based partly on his belief that Bessler, though " mad ", was not a fraud.

By measuring the length of the arc, Maupertuis ' team was able to prove that the Earth is, indeed, flattened at the poles as sir Isaac Newton had predicted.

By 1969 the team began to see considerable success with driver Bobby Isaac, winning 17 races.