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By the beginning of the Warring States, progress in astronomy and mathematics allowed the creation of calculated calendars ( where intercalary months and days are set by a rule, and not arbitrarily ).
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By and beginning
By the end of the century the Roman Catholic Church was beginning to make itself felt, mainly through such institutions as hospitals but also through its attitude towards organized labour.
By 1840 there were still only ten colonial bishops for the Church of England ; but even this small beginning greatly facilitated the growth of Anglicanism around the world.
By the beginning of the 8th century, these kingdoms had either been conquered by Nicene neighbors ( Ostrogoths, Vandals, Burgundians ) or their rulers had accepted Nicene Christianity ( Visigoths, Lombards ).
By the beginning of 1204, Isaac II and Alexios IV had inspired little confidence among the people of Constantinople in their efforts to defend the city from the Latins and Venetians, who were restless and rioted when the money and aid promised by Alexios IV was not forthcoming.
By the beginning of World War II, many towns and cities had built space, and there were numerous qualified pilots available.
By the 1950s, the development of civil jets grew, beginning with the de Havilland Comet, though the first widely-used passenger jet was the Boeing 707, because it was much more economical than other planes at the time.
By the beginning of the twentieth century, Steiner's interests turned to explicitly spiritual areas of research.
By the time the Gospels of Luke and Matthew were written, Jesus is portrayed as being the Son of God from the time of birth, and finally the Gospel of John portrays him as the pre-existent Word () as existing " in the beginning ".
By a 20th-century classification, the idealists ( Kant, Hegel and others ), are considered the beginning of continental philosophy, while the empiricists are the beginning, or the immediate predecessors, of analytical philosophy.
By the mid-1990s, however, companies were beginning to ask what the return was on the investment they had made in this loosely controlled PC software buying spree.
By the end of Judges the Israelites are in a worse condition than they were at the beginning, with Yahweh's treasures used to make idolatrous images, the Levites ( priests ) corrupted, the tribe of Dan conquering a remote village instead of the Canaanite cities, and the tribes of Israel making war on the Benjamites, their own brothers.
By the late 19th century, as a result of the faster shipping, expanding fishery and industrialization of the island, exchanges of people between the island of Newfoundland and Cape Breton increased beginning a cultural exchange that continues to this day.
By early 2000 there had been the beginning of an economic recovery, with the export sector leading the way, as it enjoyed the benefit of the more competitive exchange rate, as well as strong prices for petroleum, Colombia's leading export product.
By the 19th century, the season for celery had been extended, to last from the beginning of September to late in April.
By the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Royal Society in England was discussing the practice of inoculation, and the smallpox epidemic in 1713 spurred further interest.
By the beginning of 1984, quarterly sales of the ColecoVision had dramatically decreased.
By the beginning of the 19th century, government policy on both sides of the Atlantic began to change, reflecting the growing popularity of the proposition that corporations were riding the economic wave of the future.
By the beginning of August 1524, they had received the requisite permission to discover and conquer lands further south.
By convention, unknowns are denoted by letters at the end of the alphabet, x, y, z, w, …, while knowns are denoted by letters at the beginning, a, b, c, d, ….
By the time Allen reached his teens, the area, while still a difficult area in which to make a living, began to resemble a town, with wood-frame houses beginning to replace the rough cabins of the early settlers.
By convention, letters at the beginning of the alphabet ( e. g. ) are typically used to represent constants, and those toward the end of the alphabet ( e. g. and ) are used to represent variables.
By 1912 and 1913, there are beginning to be many films from many American companies that rely on applying novel decoration to the story, rather than supplying any twists to the drama itself to sustain interest.
By the beginning of the Civil War, Austria-Hungary, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland had recognized Finnish independence.
By and Warring
By the Warring States Period, bronze vessels had become objects of aesthetic enjoyment.
By the end of 1975, at Shuihudi archaeological excavations site, in Yunmeng County, Hubei province, a large number of the Qin Dynasty bamboo slips was unearthed from the tombs, some dating from the end of the Warring States period.
By the end of the Warring States Period, Zhao was the only state strong enough to oppose the powerful Qin state.
By the mid to late Spring and Autumn period, artistic derivative scripts with vertically elongated forms appeared on bronzes, especially in the eastern and southern states, and remained in use into the Warring States period ( see detail of inscription from the Warring States Tomb of Marquis Yĭ of Zēng below left ).
By 200 B. C., the Chinese state had emerged from a loose federation of feudal states of the Warring States Period to the unified empire with patrimonal rule.
By the time of the Warring States, reforms began that abolished feudalism and created powerful, centralized states.
By 31 BC, the Han dynasty abolished universal military conscription that was passed down from the Warring States.
By the time of the Warring States Period, generals were appointed based on merit rather than birth, the majority of whom were talented individuals who gradually rose through the ranks.
By the late Warring States Period ( about the late 4th century BC ), however, Chu's prominent status had fallen into decay.
By using the old Warring State name Zhao, they claimed to be the rightful rulers of the old Zhao territory ( now Shanxi province and South Hebei ).
By the Age of Warring States, flogging had been largely replaced by decapitation.
By and States
By 1834 the art of oratory had reached a very high level in the United States as a literary form.
By making inroads in the name of law enforcement into the protection which Congress has afforded to the marriage relationship, the Court today continues in the path charted by the recent decision in Wyatt v. United States, 362 U.S. 525, where the Court held that, under the circumstances of that case, a wife could be compelled to testify against her husband over her objection.
By holding out prospects for external capital assistance, the United States can provide strong incentives to prepare for the concerted economic drive necessary to achieve self-sustaining growth.
By fall, 443 survivors of this arduous journey were clustered about Fort Snelling, but most of them were sent on to Galena and St. Louis, with a few going as far as Vevay, Indiana, a notable Swiss center in the United States.
By leaving our doors open the United States gives other peoples the opportunity to see us and to compare, he said.
By the 1850s, slavery was still legal in the southern United States, but had been generally outlawed in the northern states, such as Illinois.
By the 1920s, each state in the United States had passed public laws that stipulated a certain day to be Arbor Day or Arbor and Bird Day observance.
By the late nineteenth century, baseball was widely recognized as the national sport of the United States.
By law, farmers in the United States who plant Bt corn must plant non-Bt corn nearby.
By the Victorian era, ballad had come to mean any sentimental popular song, especially so-called " royalty ballads ", which publishers would pay popular singers to perform in Britain and the United States in " ballad concerts.
By February 1948, because of massive post-war military cuts, the entire United States army had been reduced to 552, 000 men.
By cutting transportation costs in half or more it became a large profit center for Albany, New York and New York City as it allowed the cheap transportation of many of the agricultural products grown in the mid west of the United States to the rest of the world.
By the end of the 20th century, Cambridge had one of the most expensive housing markets in the Northeastern United States.
By 1910, the profession, " chemical engineer ", was already in common use in Britain and the United States.
By in vitro measurement of the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity with an ORAC score of 9, 584 units per 100 g, cranberry ranks near the top of 277 commonly consumed foods in the United States.
By the late 1970s, a strong anti-disco sentiment developed among rock fans and musicians, particularly in the United States.
By March 1963 however, after the visit of Colonel Michael Greene of the United States Army, and the resulting ' Greene Plan ,' the pattern of bilaterally agreed military assistance to various Congolese military components, instead of a single unified effort, was already taking shape.
By 1916 the three of them became the center of radical anti-art activities in the United States.
By the dawn of World War II, many of the European Dadaists had emigrated to the United States.
By 1949, the United States and British intelligence organizations were working with King Zog and the mountain men of his personal guard.
By 1918 the use of the iris to begin and end sequences was starting to decrease in the United States, though in Europe it was just starting to become fashionable.
* 1819 – By the Adams-Onís Treaty, Spain sells Florida to the United States for five million U. S. dollars.
By 1850 the German states were catching up, and by 1900 Germany was a world leader in industrialization, along with Britain and the United States.
By the Treaty of Paris ( signed that September ), Great Britain recognized the independence of the United States.
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