By the end of the spring of 1961, assuming that a general business recovery gets under way, interest rates should begin to edge upward again, depending upon the vigor of the recovery and the determination with which the monetary authorities move to restrain credit availability.

By the end of the nineteenth century, in 1893, when the Big Three, Columbia, and Penn were populous centers of learning, Dartmouth graduated only sixty-nine.

By the end of the century the Roman Catholic Church was beginning to make itself felt, mainly through such institutions as hospitals but also through its attitude towards organized labour.

By the end of the third act, the artist is dead but the body lingers on, a shell among other shells.

By the end of 1863, at Lincoln's direction, General Lorenzo Thomas had recruited 20 regiments of blacks from the Mississippi Valley.

By the end of his life Huxley was widely acknowledged as one of the pre-eminent intellectuals of his time and respected as an important researcher into visual communication and sight-related theories as well.

By the end of the 14th century, most of Anatolia was controlled by various Anatolian beyliks.

By the end of 2010, Armenia ’ s external debt is projected to form about 42 percent of GDP, and 50 percent in 2012.

By the end of the reign of Naram-Sin's son, Shar-kali-sharri ( 2217 – 2193 BC ), the empire had weakened.

By seeking close alliances with powerful noble families, Alexios put an end to the tradition of imperial exclusivity and coopted most of the nobility into his extended family and, through it, his government.

By the end of the novel, the elite cavalry wing is led by a dashing young warrior prince named Artos, whom Sutcliff postulates to be the real Arthur.

By the end of Andronikos II's reign, much of Bithynia was in the hands of the Ottoman Turks of Osman I and his son and heir Orhan.

By now, the war is nearing its end and the German Army is retreating.

By the end of the book, Paul realizes that he no longer knows what to do with himself and decides that he has nothing more to lose.

By the end of the twentieth century " Negro " had come to be considered inappropriate and was rarely used and perceived as a pejorative.

By the end of the 18th century there were no factories or mills and only a few small cottage industries along the border with Zurich.

By the end of 1898, Western pilgrims started coming to Akka on pilgrimage to visit ` Abdu ' l-Bahá ; this group of pilgrims, including Phoebe Hearst, was the first time that Bahá ' ís raised up in the West had met ` Abdu ' l-Bahá.

By the end of 2013, a total of 461 km of high-speed lines are expected to be built.

By the end of 1865, almost 100 clubs were members of the NABBP.

By the end of the game, the ball would be dark with grass, mud, and tobacco juice, and it would be misshapen and lumpy from contact with the bat.

By convention, the top strand is written from the 5 ' end to the 3 ' end ; thus, the bottom strand is written 3 ' to 5 '.

By the end of the 16th century, Bethlehem had become one of the largest villages in the District of Jerusalem, and was subdivided into seven quarters.

By the end of his sole rule ( AD 14 ), Augustus had expanded the empire to the line of the Danube river, which was to remain its central / eastern European border for its entire history ( except for the occupation of Dacia 105-275 ).

The money was devoted largely to developing “ technical advice on the conduct of defoliation and anti-crop activities in Southeast Asia .” By the end of fiscal year 1962, the Chemical Corps had let or were negotiating contracts for over one thousand chemical defoliants.

By 1328, his line was extinguished, and the throne had passed to the House of Valois.

By war or treaty, he brought under his control the cities of Padua ( 1328 ), Treviso ( 1308 ) and Vicenza.

By the Spring of 2000, the College ’ s steadily increasing enrollment reached a new record of 1328 students.

By 1328 all apanagists would be peers.

By 1326, the Metropolitan had settled in Moscow, and by 1328 had changed the title of Metropolitan of Kiev for the title Metropolitan of Moscow.

By the reign of Andronicus III Palaeologus, beginning in 1328, the empire controlled most of Greece, especially the metropolis of Thessalonica, but very little else.

By war or treaty he brought under his control the cities of Padua ( 1328 ), Treviso ( 1329 ), and Vicenza.

By contrast in 1328, in fulfilment of the treaty between the Bruce and Edward III, a mutual interchange of good offices took place between the priory of Lanercost and Kelso Abbey in respect of their common revenues out of the church of Lazonby.

* By 1328 the city's town hall is mentioned first in history and the city is granted full town privileges, modelled according to those of Hamburg.

By the time Barco reached the count of three, the situation seemed to Welch almost too good to be true.

By the very nature of the situation, it is the union which has been able to select the time and place to bring pressure upon management.

By and large their programs are satisfactorily connected both to the employment situation and to the realities of the apprentice system.

By reminding ourselves of these factors in the situation, we should, I am sure, come to a fresh realization, however painful it be, that the battle between Parker and his neighbors was fought in earnest.

" Caplan comments on the impact of the Supreme Court's decision making it necessary for there to be evidence of guilt in such a plea, " By requiring that there be some evidence of guilt in such a situation, the decision attempts to protect the ' really ' innocent from the temptations to which plea-bargaining and defense attorneys may subject them.

By 1790 the situation had stabilised.

By 1902, however, due to the Governor of ` Akka being supportive of ` Abdu ' l-Bahá, the situation was greatly eased ; while pilgrims were able to once again visit ` Abdu ' l-Bahá, he was confined to the city.

By June 23, the situation appeared to have normalised, with members of the House of Ariki accepting to return to their regular duties.

By 1769 the situation in the Grants had deteriorated to the point where surveyors and other figures of New York authority were being physically threatened and driven from the area.

By that time the military and strategic situation of Russia had become more difficult due of the rise of Germany and Japan, and Russian central administration and the idea of Pan-Slavism had grown in Saint Petersburg.

By the middle of June the political situation in Barcelona had deteriorated and the POUM — painted by the pro-Soviet Communists as a Trotskyist organisation — was outlawed and under attack.

By this time, the best Goebbels could do to reassure the German people that victory was still possible was to make vague promises that " miracle weapons " such as the Me 262 jet aircraft, the Type XXI U-boat, and the V-2 rocket could somehow retrieve the military situation.

By then the military situation had turned in favour of the Romans, and in 540 Belisarius reached the Ostrogothic capital Ravenna.

By forging Mathieu as an absolute rationalist, analyzing every situation, and functioning entirely on reason, he removed any strands of authentic content from his character and as a result, Mathieu could " recognize no allegiance except to self " ( Sartre 1942: 13 ), though he realized that without " responsibility for my own existence, it would seem utterly absurd to go on existing " ( Sartre 1942: 14 ).

By 1209 the situation showed no signs of resolution, and Innocent threatened to excommunicate John if he did not acquiesce to Langton's appointment.

By the time his close friends Christof and Luise Spengemann and their son Walter were arrested by the Gestapo in August 1936 the situation had clearly become perilous.

By 1900 the situation had improved somewhat, but 44 % of black people remained illiterate.

* By extension, a situation that is difficult to get out of.

By the end of the 16th century, Italy had absorbed the northern influences, with Venice, Rome, and other cities being centers of musical activity, reversing the situation from a hundred years earlier.

By the mid-17th century this situation had changed: Temne, not Bullom was spoken on the south shore, and ships stopping for water and firewood had to pay customs to the Temne king of Bureh who lived at Bagos town on the point between the Rokel River and Port Loko Creek.

By the late ' 40s to early ' 50s, this situation had been reversed.

By Newton's first law, this situation implies that the net force and net torque ( also known as moment of force ) on every part of the system is zero.

By the late 1920s, economic performance had stabilised, but the overall situation was disappointing, for Britain had clearly fallen behind the United States and other countries as an industrial power.

By forced division of labor Durkheim means a situation where power holders, driven by their desire for profit ( greed ), results in people doing the work they are unsuited for.

By the time of the first performance, which was well received, Donizetti reported to his publisher the audience's reaction to most of the numbers, specifically that " in the duet for Vial and Salvatore, many shouts of bravi, but at the end ( so they say ) the situation is so moving that they were weeping ".