By lifting the seat upwards a little, the weight is taken off the neck and the back is kept rounded.

By this method it was determined that the normal pressure exerted by a sample of polybutene ( molecular weight reported to be 770 ) was over half an atmosphere.

By the time he reached the edge of the pit he was panting and his shoulder and back ached under the drag of the dead weight.

By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions ( the legal tradition that prevails in, or is combined with common law in, Europe and most non-Islamic, non-common law countries ), courts lack authority to act where there is no statute, and judicial precedent is given less interpretive weight ( which means that a judge deciding a given case has more freedom to interpret the text of a statute independently, and less predictably ), and scholarly literature is given more.

By volume and weight, the largest concentrations of crystals in the earth are part of the Earth's solid bedrock.

By contrast, if the bridge actually supported his weight then he might say he " thought " that the bridge was safe, and now after proving it to himself, he knows.

By the end of the 15th century was widely professed and taught in many theological faculties, but such was the influence of the Dominicans, and the weight of the arguments of Thomas Aquinas ( who had been canonised in 1323 and declared " Doctor Angelicus " of the Church in 1567 ) that the Council of Trent ( 1545 – 63 )— which might have been expected to affirm the doctrine — instead declined to take a position.

By weight, neptunium-237 discharges are about 5 % as great as plutonium discharges and about 0. 05 % of spent nuclear fuel discharges.

By the 19th century, punctuation in the western world had evolved " to classify the marks hierarchically, in terms of weight ".

By its inherent weight distribution, it could deliver blows as powerful as an axe.

By 1972, the clean and press was discontinued because athletes started to push with legs and bend backwards instead of strictly pressing the weight overhead, and this left the sole elements of what is today's modern Olympic weightlifting programme – the snatch and the clean and jerk. The snatch entails pulling with a wide grip the barbell overhead without pressing out with the arms. It is a very precise lift that can be nullified by a lack of balance of the athlete. The clean and jerk is more forgiving using a narrower grip pull the bar to the shoulders and then using the strength of the legs push until arms reach full extension without a press out.

* By this year, the iron industry in Song Dynasty China is producing a total weight of 127, 000, 000 kg ( 125, 000 t ) of iron product per year.

By the end of the 20th century, surface-mount packages allowed further reduction in the size and weight of systems.

By weight, gels are mostly liquid, yet they behave like solids due to a three-dimensional cross-linked network within the liquid.

By contrast, his bridge was 30 ft ( 10 m ) wider in span and half the weight, although it now no longer exists.

Hugh Luke argues that " By ending her story with the picture of the Earth's solitary inhabitant, she has brought nearly the whole weight of the novel to bear upon the idea that the condition of the individual being is essentially isolated and therefore ultimately tragic " ( xvii ).

By the beginning of the 19th century, his beet was approximately 5 – 6 percent sucrose by ( dry ) weight, compared to around 20 percent in modern varieties.

By reinforcing the area most likely to break, the arrow is more likely to survive impact, while maintaining overall flexibility and lighter weight.

" By the end of that episode, Fit Tony's weight gain causes a change of nickname to " Fat Tony ", essentially restoring the original character.

By the late 1960s advances in solid-state electronics allowed the weight, size, and cost of the radios to fall, giving the public access to a communications medium previously only available to specialists.

By contrast, the laws of physics dictate that the operating mechanism of a semi-automatic weapon must increase in mass and weight as the cartridge it fires increases in power.

By 1909, the bell had made six trips, and not only had the cracking become worse, but souvenir hunters had deprived it of over one percent of its weight.

By a decree of July 6, 1785, the value of the United States dollar was set to approximately match the Spanish dollar, both of which were based on the weight of silver in the coins.

By 2010 she had gained some of the weight back, and told People magazine she could not maintain her NutriSystem weight.

By tradition, a red wine should be served at approximately room temperature -- if anything a little cooler -- and be aged enough for the tannin and acids to have worked out and the sediment have settled well.

By the time mission control issued the wake-up call to the crew for flight day two, the spacecraft was approximately away from the Earth, traveling at about.

By 1700, approximately 20 percent of Berlin's residents were French, and their cultural influence on the city was immense.

By far the largest regional market was the Middle East, to which Brazil sold approximately 50 % of its arms from 1977 through 1988.

By 1933, the party had approximately 3. 5 million members but as a result of the Great Purge party membership was cut down to 1. 9 million by 1939.

By the end of 1972, COG members had distributed approximately 42 million Christian tracts, mostly on God's salvation and America's doom.

By contrast, approximately 8. 7 % of the world's languages display no phonemic fricatives at all.

By approximately 11 days.

By approximately 2. 3 million years ago, primitive stone tools were first used to scavenge kills made by other predators and to harvest carrion and marrow for their bones.

By 1810 the town ’ s population reached approximately 700, with about 130 houses.

By comparison, this amounts to approximately addresses for each of the seven billion people alive in 2011.

By summer 1991, Dahmer was murdering approximately one person each week.

By the 1930s, approximately 30, 000 white settlers lived in the area and gained a political voice because of their contribution to the market economy.

By 1970, the city had a total area of approximately, more than five times its size in 1940.

By the time of the next Ashes series of 1932 – 33, Bradman's average hovered around 100, approximately twice that of all other world-class batsmen.

By December 1990, a study to estimate the project's cost determined that long-term expenditure would total approximately 450 billion dollars spread over 20 to 30 years.

By the time Videla's military Junta took power in March 1976, approximately five thousand prisoners were being held in various prisons around Argentina, some with connections and some just guilty by association.

By 1947, there would be approximately 22, 000 motor courts in operation in the US alone ; a typical 50-room motel in that era cost $ 3000 per room in initial construction costs, compared to $ 12, 000 per room for metropolitan city hotel construction.

By international agreement it is 1, 852 metres ( approximately 6, 076 feet ).

B is the sample space and A is an event. By the ratio of their areas, the probability of A is approximately 0. 4.

By the end of the 18th century the population had risen to 300 million from approximately 150 million during the late Ming Dynasty.

By 1940, Stalin began to relent, restoring approximately one-third of previously dismissed officers to duty.

By 2008, approximately 80 % to 90 % of commercially made cheeses in the US and Britain were made using FPC.

By 1987 there were approximately 42 million radio receivers in use, and more than 100 radio stations were broadcasting.