Claudius remained grateful to the guard, however, issuing coins with tributes to the Praetorians in the early part of his reign.

The Stoic Seneca states in his Apocolocyntosis that Claudius ' voice belonged to no land animal, and that his hands were weak as well ; however, he showed no physical deformity, as Suetonius notes that when calm and seated he was a tall, well-built figure of dignitas.

In 270, after the death of Claudius, Goths under the leadership of Cannabaudes again launch an invasion on the Roman Empire, but were defeated by Aurelian, who however surrendered Dacia beyond the Danube.

At one point, as in the Gravedigger scene, Hamlet seems resolved to kill Claudius: in the next scene, however, when Claudius appears, he is suddenly tame.

Pliny does not name the prostitute ; however, the Restoration playwright Nathaniel Richards calls her Scylla in The Tragedy of Messalina, Empress of Rome, published in 1640, and Robert Graves in his novel Claudius the God also identified the prostitute as Scylla.

She is a loyal wife deeply in love with her husband Drusus, however, she is unloving towards her son Claudius whom she regards as a fool.

He did however appoint his father-in-law Titus Flavius Claudius Sulpicianus as Praefectus urbi of Rome.

Records however agree that the legions which had followed Claudius in campaigning along the Danube were either unaware or disapproving of Quintillus ' elevation.

* Attius may be the Oscan equivalent of the Latin praenomen Appius, since the Sabine Attius Clausus took the name Appius Claudius upon settling at Rome ; however, it could also simply have been the closest praenomen in sound.

Attitudes changed during the Empire, however, and Claudius created legislation to encourage the upper classes to engage in shipping.

The fourth Emperor, Claudius, was the first to assume the name " Caesar " upon accession, without having been adopted by the previous emperor ; however, he was at least a member by blood of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, being the nephew of Tiberius and the uncle of Caligula.

The second prefect, Aelius Gallus, made an unsuccessful expedition to conquer Arabia Petraea and even Arabia Felix ; however, the Red Sea coast of Egypt was not brought under Roman control until the reign of Claudius.

It remains a mystery just why Claudius did not authorise Placidianus to go to the relief of Augustodunum Haeduorum ; however, it is speculated that Claudius, who was fully engaged either in Italy against the Alamanni or in the Balkans against the Goths, did not wish to open a second theatre of operations in Gaul, which would not only have involved a major military effort, but would also have required Claudius to assume responsibility for the defense of the Rhine frontier had he been successful.

Dio says that this was because the resistance became fiercer as the Britons tried to avenge Togodumnus, and Plautius needed the emperor's help to complete the conquest ; however, as Claudius was no military man and in the end spent only sixteen days in Britain, it is likely the Britons were already as good as beaten.

All thought of it is put out of his mind, however, when Claudius arrives, escorted by the Praetorian Guard and elephants to overawe the Britons.

In reality, however, they serve as spies for the corrupt King Claudius, Hamlet's uncle, who usurped the throne and constantly attempts to check his nephew.

Long before then, however, we hear of them in a letter of Flavius Claudius Julianus ( Julian the Apostate, because he reverted from Christianity to paganism ) to the Athenians.

By the end of 20th century, however, a sort of inverted red tacitism ( as the new variant of black tacitism could be called ) appeared, for example in publications like Woodman's Tacitus reviewed: the new theories described the emperors of the principate no longer as monarchs ruling as autocrats, but as " magistrates " in essence defending a " republican " form of government ( which might excuse some of their rash actions ), very much in line with Graves ' lenient posture regarding crimes committed under the rule of princeps Claudius ( for instance the putting aside of the elder L. Silanus, showing the emperor's lack of conscience according to Tacitus, Ann.

Prince Hamlet ( Bart ), with the help of a professional actor ( Krusty ), puts on a play to make Claudius reveal himself to be guilty ; however, Hamlet's reaction leads everyone to believe that he is crazy, so Ophelia ( Lisa ) decides to " out-crazy " him by prancing around and singing a stupid song, eventually jumping out the window and into the moat where she drowns.

Emperor Claudius II however was able to defeat them at the Battle of Naissus, ending the Gothic threat for the time being.

Before the mention of Alemanni in the time of Caracalla, you would search in vain for Alemanni in the moderately detailed geography of southern Germany in Claudius Ptolemy, written in Greek in the mid-2nd century ; it is likely that at that time, the people who later used that name were known by other designations.

Another freedman, Gaius Julius Callistus, was against Claudius remarrying Paetina and stated to Claudius that he divorced her before and that remarrying Paetina would make her more arrogant.

Pallas stated to the emperor that as Lucius was the grandson to Claudius's late brother Germanicus, by marrying Agrippina, Claudius would ally the two branches of the Claudian house and imperial family.

When they heard of the Praetorians ' claim, they demanded that Claudius be delivered to them for approval, but he refused, sensing the danger that would come with complying.

Claudius ruled that slaves who recovered after such treatment would be free.

Those who regard this homage as cynical should note that, cynical or not, such a move would hardly have benefited those involved, had Claudius been " hated ", as some commentators, both modern and historic, characterize him.

Claudius ' will had been changed shortly before his death to either recommend Nero and Britannicus jointly or perhaps just Britannicus, who would have been considered an adult man according to Roman law only a few months later.

While at Athens, he developed a close friendship with his fellow student Basil of Caesarea and also made the acquaintance of Flavius Claudius Julianus, who would later become the emperor known as Julian the Apostate.

On his way, Hamlet passes Claudius in prayer, but hesitates to kill him, reasoning that death in prayer would send him to heaven.

In this reading, Hamlet is disgusted by his mother's " incestuous " relationship with Claudius while simultaneously fearful of killing him, as this would clear Hamlet's path to his mother's bed.

It would be three centuries before Claudius Ptolemaeus ' synthesis of astronomy would supersede the work of Hipparchus ; it is heavily dependent on it in many areas.

Through his daughters by Octavia, he would be ancestor to the Roman Emperors Caligula, Claudius and Nero.

It would have suited custom if the first of Ptolemy's family to become a citizen ( whether he or an ancestor ) took the nomen from a Roman called Claudius who was responsible for granting citizenship.

If, as was common, this was the emperor, citizenship would have been granted between AD 41 and 68 ( when Claudius, and then Nero, were emperors ).

After an interlude of failed aristocratic Roman emperors since Maximinus's death, Claudius was the first in a series of tough soldier-emperors who would eventually restore the Empire from the Crisis of the third century.

Accounts tell of people who, upon hearing the news of the new Emperor, reacted by murdering the family members of Gallienus, until Claudius declared he would respect the memory of his predecessor.

Before the rule of Claudius Gothicus, there had only been two emperors from the Balkans, but after, there would only be one emperor who did not hail from the provinces of Pannonia, Moesia or Illyricum until the year 378, when Theodosius I from Hispania would take the throne.

This would keep Claudius ' record of being a descendant of Constantine from being tainted.

Claudius ' victories against the Goths would not only make him a hero in Latin tradition, but an admirable choice as an ancestor for Constantine, who was born at Naissus, the site of Claudius ' victory in 269.

What little is known of Titus's early life has been handed down to us by Suetonius, who records that he was brought up at the imperial court in the company of Britannicus, the son of emperor Claudius, who would be murdered by Nero in 55.

Claudius, as an older man, could have died at any moment, and Britannicus would have become the new emperor.