Having consolidated his conquests in Syria ( 1831 – 38 ), Ibrahim Pasha, son of the viceroy of Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha, made the fatal mistake of trying to disarm the Christians and Druzes of the Lebanon and to draft the latter into his army.

The movement culminated with the 1859 – 60 massacre and defeat of the Christians by the Druzes.

* October 5 – Austria, Britain, France, Prussia and the Ottoman Empire form a commission to investigate the causes of the massacres of Maronite Christians, committed by Druzes in Lebanon earlier in the year.

* Christians and Druzes clash in Damascus, Syria.

The Sheikh title was commonly used when addressing mainly the members of the traditional noble Maronite Christians families ( El Daher in Akkar, El Douaihy in Ehden & Zgharta, El Khazen in Kesserwan, El Khoury in Rechmaya El Metn, El Dahdah in Jbeil, Hobeich in Ftouh Kesserwan, Tarabay in Jurd El Batroun, Gemayel in Bekfaya El Metn, Germanos in Jurd Jbeil, Al Hachem in Akoura, Al Saad in Aley ...) but also Druzes in the southern part of Mount Lebanon ( Joumblatt, Talhouk, Abd El Malek ) and Shiites ( Hamadeh in Jbeil ).

His idea of secular pan-Syrianism also proved attractive to many Druzes and Shiites ; to Christians other than the Greek Orthodox, including some Maronites who were disaffected by both Lebanism and Arabism ; and also to many Sunnite Muslims who set a high value on secularism, and who felt that they had far more in common with their fellow Syrians of whatever religion or denomination than with fellow Sunnite or Muslim Arabs elsewhere.

During the French Mandate and after the independence the parliamentary elections in Syria have been held under a system similar to the Lebanese one, with fixed representation for every religious community, including Druzes, Alawis and Christians.

Although the region's population was dominated by Sunni Muslims, it also contained sizable populations of Shi ' a, Alawite and Ismaili Muslims, Syriac Orthodox, Maronite, Greek Orthodox, Roman Catholics and Melkite Christians, Mizrahi Jews, and Druzes.

Because of their fierce battles with the Crusaders, the Druzes earned the respect of the Sunni Muslim Caliphs and thus gained important political powers.

* Vitus-Gray-Balianus B — A planet inhabited by people of the Amoiete Spectrum Helix, a religion that allows non-traditional marriages, including those having more than two people ; they are organized on the basis of colors, somewhat like the Druzes do.

The Druzes and their Christian Maronite neighbors, who had thus far lived as religious communities on friendly terms, entered a period of social disturbance in the year 1840, which culminated in the civil war of 1860.

Today, Walid Jumblatt is one of two principal leaders of the Druzes ( an influential religious community found in the Arab World, known for its internal solidarity, the highly spiritual and philosophical orientation, and its influential position in Lebanese politics ).

" This early party was " mainly Greek Orthodox and Protestants with some Shi ' ites and Druzes ...

As for Western sources, Benjamin of Tudela, the Jewish traveler who passed through Lebanon in or about 1165, was one of the first European writers to refer to the Druzes by name.

" The first coherent history of Mount Lebanon was written by Tannus al-Shidyaq ( died 1861 ) who depicted the country as a feudal association of Maronites, Druzes, Melkites, Sunnis and Shi ' ites under the leadership of the Shihab emirs.

The Druzes of Wadi al-Taym and Ḥawran, under the leadership of Shibli al-Aryan, distinguished themselves in their stubborn resistance at their inaccessible headquarters, al-Laja, lying southeast of Damascus.

Activity in missionary work, especially in alleviating the distresses of the victims of the Druzes, soon brought him prominently into notice.

The earliest sense of a modern Lebanese identity is to be found in the writings of historians in the early nineteenth century, when, under the emirate of the Shihabs, a Lebanese identity emerged, " separate and distinct from the rest of Syria, bringing the Maronites and Druzes, along with its other Christian and Moslem sects, under one government.

The word Dogziyin (" Druzes ") occurs in an early Hebrew edition of his travels, but it is clear that this is a scribal error.

Many Yemenite Druzes thereupon immigrated to the Hawran region and thus laid the foundation of Druze power there.

A majority of the Syrian troops were of rural background and minority ethnic origin, mainly Alawis, Druzes, Kurds, and Circassians.

Like the Druzes, who also had a special status before the end of World War I, the Alawis had a strained relationship with the Ottoman overlords.

A keen Catholic opposition sprang up, voiced in Louis Veuillot's paper the Univers, and was not silenced even by the Syrian expedition ( 1860 ) in favour of the Catholic Maronites, who were being persecuted by the Druzes.

There were also sizable Muslim communities of Twelver Shias, Druzes, and Nusayris.

There were an estimated 300 Druzes living there.

Its ranks included mainly Syrians, Lebanese, Palestinian Arabs and Druzes and a few hundreds of Iraqis, Transjordanians, Muslim Brothers from Egypt and Circassians.

Although both sides suffered, about 10, 000 Maronites were massacred at the hands of the Druzes.

No Druzes live here.

The Druzes in the Jewish State: A Brief History.

* The Druzes and the Maronites under the Turkish Rule from 1840 to 1860 Cornell University Library Historical Monographs Collection.

Supporters of this view believe that “ to a hypothetical outside reader, presents Christianity as enlightened, harmless, even beneficent .” Some believe that through this work, Luke intended to show the Roman Empire that the root of Christianity is within Judaism so that the Christians “ may receive the same freedom to practice their faith that the Roman Empire afforded the Jews .” Those who support the view of Luke ’ s work as political apology generally draw evidence from the facts that Christians are found innocent of committing any political crime ( Acts 25: 25 ; 19: 37 ; 19: 40 ) and that Roman officials ’ views towards Christians are generally positive.

* The Christians ( political party ), a minor party in Austria

In this work he depicted a land where there would be freedom of religion-showing a Jew treated fairly and equally in an island of Christians, but it has been debated whether this work had influenced others reforms, such as greater rights for women, the abolition of slavery, elimination of debtors ' prisons, separation of church and state, and freedom of political expression, although there is no hint of these reforms in The New Atlantis itself.

Louis Feldman has stated that there is " no necessary contradiction between Josephus and the gospels as to the reason why John was put to death " in that the Christians chose to emphasize the moral charges while Josephus emphasized the political fears that John stirred in Herod.

In 1979, Falwell founded the Moral Majority, which became one of the largest political lobby groups for evangelical Christians in the United States during the 1980s.

Some Christians favor political and administrative decentralization of the government, with separate Muslim and Christian sectors operating within the framework of a confederation.

However, — like many Christians, Jews, and Muslims — Latter-day Saints regard some form of theocracy with God as the head ( king ) of a chiliastic world government to be the true political ideal.

Most contemporary Unitarian Christians believe that one's personal moral convictions guide one's political activities, and that a secular society is the most viable, just and fair.

When the news of the Arab attacks on the Christians in the East filtered through to Rome, and the political embarrassments of the Byzantine emperor increased, he conceived the project of a great military expedition and exhorted the faithful to participate in recovering the Church of the Holy Sepulchre – foreshadowing the First Crusade.

The Assyrian Christians on the other hand, came to similar conclusion but migrated in stages following each and every eruption of a political crisis with the regime in which boundaries they lived or following each conflict with their Muslim, Turkish, Arabs or Kurdish neighbors, or following the departure or expulsion of their patriarch Mar Shimon in 1933, first to Cyprus and then to the United States.

They have been criticized for their association with Dominionism, a term which describes politically active conservative Christians who are believed to seek influence or control over secular civil government through political action.

The Christian right has been a notable force in both the Republican party and American politics since the late 1970s, when Baptist pastor Jerry Falwell and other Christian leaders began to urge conservative Christians to involve themselves in the political process.

Christians began to " wake up " and make sexuality issues a priority political cause.

Most of the Council's documents involve some kind of dialogue: dialogue with other religions ( Nostra Aetate ), dialogue with other Christians ( Unitatis Redintegratio ), dialogue with modern society ( Gaudium et Spes ) and dialogue with political authorities ( Dignitatis Humanae ).

Eighteenth century Ireland was a sectarian state, ruled by a small Anglican minority, over both a majority Catholic population ( most of whose ancestors had been dispossessed of land and political power in the 17th century Plantations of Ireland ), as well to the exclusion of Presbyterian and dissenting Christians from high political office.

Orthodox Christians were granted some political rights under Ottoman rule, but they were considered inferior subjects.

Re-education through labor ( RTL ) (), abbreviated () is a system of administrative detentions in the People's Republic of China which is generally used to detain persons for minor crimes such as petty theft, prostitution, and trafficking illegal drugs, as well as religious or political dissidents such as unregistered Christians or Falun Gong adherents.

France did not however intervene in the Christian-supported Vietnamese rebellion in Bắc Bộ, despite the urging of missionaries, or in the subsequent slaughter of thousands of Christians after the rebellion, suggesting that although persecution of Christians was the prompt for the intervention, military and political reasons ultimately drove colonialism in Vietnam.