During the pontificate of Pius IX a strong Ultramontane movement arose against the French Breviaries of 1680 and 1736.

During the pontificate of Pope Paul III the Council fathers met for the first through eighth sessions in Trent ( 1545 – 7 ), and for the ninth through eleventh sessions in Bologna ( 1547 ).

During his short pontificate he played the part of a peacemaker ; he came to terms with the Emperor Frederick I in the vexing question of the appointment to the See of Magdeburg and closed the long quarrel, which had raged through four pontificates, about the appointment of William Fitzherbert ( commonly known as Saint William of York ) to the see of York by sending him the pallium in spite of the continued opposition of the powerful Cistercian order.

During the pontificate of Honorius, many of the tertiary orders first came into existence.

During his pontificate he largely continued to pursue the pro-French political policy of his predecessor, Pope Martin IV.

During the first few months of his pontificate he lived in the Vatican, but in the autumn of 1285 he removed to the magnificent palace he had just erected on the Aventine.

During his pontificate, in October 312, Constantine defeated Maxentius and assumed control over Rome.

During the pontificate of Boniface, Mellitus, the first Bishop of London, went to Rome " to consult the pope on important matters relative to the newly established English Church ".

During his pontificate, he added a new chapel to the Papal Palace and dedicated it to St. Peter.

During the previous pontificate the Jesuits had been expelled from Portugal and from all the Bourbon courts: France, Spain, Naples, and Parma ; now the general suppression of the order was urged by the faction called the " court cardinals ", who were opposed by the diminished pro-Jesuit faction, the Zelanti (" zealous "), who were generally opposed to the encroaching secularism of the Enlightenment.

During the pontificate of Pope Constantine Gregory was made a papal secretary, and accompanied him to Constantinople in 711 to deal with the issues raised by Rome ’ s rejection of the canons of the Quinisext Council.

During his pontificate vigorous measures were taken against the heresies which had broken out in Germany, England, and other parts of Europe ; a sincere effort was also made to cause a reformation in the various monastic orders.

During his pontificate, Gregory fostered cultural patronages associated with his papacy.

During the pontificate of Pope Zachary, he was ordained a priest, after which the pope decided to keep him to work at the Lateran Palace.

During his pontificate Rome was ravaged, and the churches of St. Peter and St. Paul were sacked by Saracens, who also assaulted Porto and Ostia in August 846.

He was ordained as a subdeacon by Pope Marinus I, followed by his being raised to the deaconate by Pope Stephen V. During the pontificate of Pope Formosus ( 891 – 896 ), he was a member of the party of nobles who supported the Emperor Lambert, who was the opponent of Formosus and the pope ’ s preferred imperial candidate, Arnulf of Carinthia.

During his pontificate, the Byzantine emperor John V Palaeologus offered to submit the Greek church to the Roman See on condition of assistance against John VI Cantacuzenus.

During his pontificate, Catholicism was provisionally restored in England under Queen Mary in 1553.

During nearly the whole of his pontificate, Eugene III was unable to reside in Rome.

During his brief pontificate, Leo granted the canons of Bologna a special papal bull ( epistola tuitionis ) where he exempted them from the payment of taxes.

During his brief pontificate, Leo confirmed the decisions of the Synod of Split.

During the pontificate of his political enemy Gregory XIII ( 1572 – 85 ,) Cardinal Montalto, as he was generally called, lived in enforced retirement, occupied with the care of his property, the Villa Montalto, erected by Domenico Fontana close to his beloved church on the Esquiline Hill, overlooking the Baths of Diocletian.

During the 17-year pontificate of Zephyrinus, the young Church endured severe persecution under the Emperor Severus until his death in the year 211.

During his pontificate the schism of Hippolytus of Rome came to an end.

During his pontificate, anti-Christian measures increased, although new churches were built and cemeteries were expanded.

During the religious peace which followed the persecution of Marcus Aurelius, the new bishop divided his activities between the duties of a pastor and of a missionary ( as to which we have but brief data, late and not very certain ).

During his time as a bishop, Mellitus joined with Justus, the Bishop of Rochester, in signing a letter that Laurence wrote to the Celtic bishops urging the Celtic Church to adopt the Roman method of calculating the date of Easter.

During the course of his ministry as an auxiliary bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church in America St. Raphael founded the present-day cathedral of the Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of North America, established twenty-nine parishes, and assisted in the founding of St. Tikhon's Orthodox Monastery.

During the Counter-Reformation in the late 16th and 17th centuries, led by the bishop of Ljubljana Tomaž Hren and Seckau Martin Brenner, almost all Protestants were expelled from the Slovene Lands ( with the exception of Prekmurje ).

During this same 10th century and in the first years of the 11th century Viking riders tried to assault it — Galicia is known in the Nordic sagas as Jackobsland or Gallizaland — and bishop Sisenand II, who was killed in battle against them in 968, ordered the construction of a walled fortress to protect the sacred place.

* March 1 – During a synod in Rome, which is attended by 72 bishops and all of the Roman clergy, Pope Symmachus makes Antipope Laurentius bishop of the diocese of Nocera in Campania.

During the second half of the fourth century, Saint Ambrose, as bishop of Milan, had a strong influence on the layout of the city, redesigning the centre ( although the cathedral and baptistery built at this time are now lost ) and building the great basilicas at the city gates: Sant ' Ambrogio, San Nazaro in Brolo, San Simpliciano and Sant ' Eustorgio, which still stand, refurbished over the centuries, as some of the finest and most important churches in Milan.

During his father's life-time he had been beaten by Gervais de Château-du-Loir, bishop of Le Mans ( 1038 ), but later ( 1047 or 1048 ) succeeded in taking the latter prisoner, for which he was excommunicated by Pope Leo IX at the council of Reims ( October 1049 ).

During the nineteen century the bishop ’ s see was transferred from the city of Olbia to the city of Tempio, which also became a district ’ s capital.

During the 16th century the queen's move took its modern form as a combination of the move of the rook and the current move of the bishop.

During his tenure as bishop, Bamberg rose to great prominence, while Otto achieved fame as a missionary and as a diplomat and politician, notably during the Investiture Controversy between Emperor Henry IV and the papacy during which he remained loyal to the emperor.

During the late 5th and 6th centuries true monasteries became the most important centres: in Patrick's own see of Armagh the change seems to have happened before the end of the 5th century, thereafter the bishop was the abbot also.

During the celebrations in which nearly 1, 000, 000 people participated, the pope beatified Bishop Józef Sebastian Pelczar, former bishop of Przemyśl.

During the Middle Ages, some councils were legatine, called by a papal legate rather than the pope or bishop.

During this era, it was an episcopal city ruled by its bishop.

During the Middle Ages, much of the region that was later called the Ruhrgebiet was situated in the County of Mark, the Duchies of Cleves and Berg and the territories of the bishop of Münster and the archbishop of Cologne.

During Wilfrid's absence Alhfrith seems to have led an unsuccessful revolt against his father, Oswiu, leaving a question mark over Wilfrid's appointment as bishop.

During the years 667 – 9, while Wilfrid was at Ripon, Wulfhere frequently invited him to come to Mercia when there was need of the services of a bishop.

During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged from May to August 1383, until French relief forces arrived.

During his term as bishop, St-Calais replaced the canons of his cathedral chapter with monks, and began the construction of Durham Cathedral.

During the course of the trial, Lanfranc is said to have stated that the court was " trying you not in your capacity as bishop, but in regard to your fief ; and in this way we judged the bishop of Bayeux in regard to his fief before the present king's father, and that king did not summon him to that plea as bishop but as brother and earl.

During the Sixth Hour, after Psalm 90, the reader who is to be ordained subdeacon is presented to the bishop by two other subdeacons, who first lead him to the nave.