During the Renaissance, artists and mathematicians valued pure forms and rediscovered all of these forms.

During the Renaissance and the Baroque, visible brick walls were unpopular and the brickwork was often covered with plaster.

During the Renaissance, together with the rest of mathematics and the sciences, combinatorics enjoyed a rebirth.

During the Renaissance, it became a fad among some members of the privileged classes.

During the Renaissance, people transitioned from being subjects of a king or queen to being citizens of a city and later to a nation.

During the Renaissance, there arose a critical attitude that sharply distinguished between apostolic tradition and what George Every calls " subsidiary mythology "— popular legends surrounding saints, relics, the cross, etc .— suppressing the latter.

During the Renaissance Age the dagger was used as part of everyday dress, and daggers were the only weapon commoners were allowed to carry on their person.

During Renaissance the creation of printing allowed a wider diffusion of encyclopedias and every scholar could have its own copy.

During the Italian Renaissance, for example, translators such as Ficino and Pico della Mirandola turned their attention to the classical literature of Neoplatonism, and what was thought to be the pre-Mosaic tradition of Hermeticism.

During the Renaissance the gambas were important and elegant instruments ; they eventually lost ground to the louder ( and originally less aristocratic ) lira da braccio family.

During the 16th century Italian Renaissance, the Questione della lingua was the discussion on the status and ideal form of the Italian language, initiated by Dante's de vulgari eloquentia ( Pietro Bembo, Prose della volgar lingua Venice 1525 ).

During the Renaissance, two European schools of pyrotechnic thought emerged, one in Italy and the other at Nuremberg, Germany.

During the Renaissance, England was ruled by the Tudors.

During the next centuries, France experienced the Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation, as well as recurring religious conflicts and wars with other powers.

During the Renaissance, understanding of anatomy improved, and the invention of the microscope would later lead to the germ theory of disease.

During the Renaissance, Italy held artistic sway over the rest of Europe.

During his time, Jahangir also pioneered several ornate genealogies illustrated with portraits of each family member in the style of Italian Renaissance painters.

During the Renaissance, the genre of chivalric romance became popular in literature, growing ever more idealistic and eventually giving rise to a new form of realism in literature popularised by Miguel de Cervantes ' Don Quixote.

During the Renaissance, the Italian secular genre of the Madrigal also became popular.

* Blanche Gangwere, Music History During the Renaissance Period, 1520 – 1550.

During the Renaissance secular political philosophy began to emerge after about a century of theological political thought in Europe.

During the Renaissance and Baroque the myth regained publicity and Luís de Góngora published his own " Fábula de Polifemo y Galatea " in 1613.

During the Italian Renaissance, Niccolò Machiavelli established the emphasis of modern political science on direct empirical observation of political institutions and actors.

During the Renaissance, most of Europe was still by and large following the feudal economic model.

During the Enlightenment, anti-monarchism extended beyond the civic humanism of the Renaissance.

During World War I, Pacelli maintained the Vatican's registry of prisoners of war and worked to implement papal relief initiatives.

During the reign of Pope Innocent X ( 1644 – 55 ), who was hostile to the Barberini and their adherents, Rospigliosi continued his appointment as papal nuncio to the court of Spain.

During the pontificate of Pope Constantine Gregory was made a papal secretary, and accompanied him to Constantinople in 711 to deal with the issues raised by Rome ’ s rejection of the canons of the Quinisext Council.

During what is known as the Little Ice Age, Innocent VIII, in his papal bull Summis desiderantes ( 5 December 1484 ) instigated severe measures against magicians and witches in Germany.

During the reign of the sickly Gregory XIV, who suffered from bouts of malaria, the burden of the papal administration rested on his shoulders.

During his third visit to Rome in 737 – 38, he was made papal legate for Germany.

During his brief pontificate, Leo granted the canons of Bologna a special papal bull ( epistola tuitionis ) where he exempted them from the payment of taxes.

During his pontificate, he convened the First Vatican Council in 1869, which decreed papal infallibility.

During papal audiences, he would gather children around him and talk to them about things that interested them.

During the Acacian schism, Gelasius affirmed the primacy of Rome over the entire Church, East and West, and he presented this doctrine in terms that set the model for subsequent popes asserting the claims of papal supremacy, due to the succession of the Roman Popes from the Apostle Peter.

During this Avignon Papacy, local despots took advantage of the absence of the popes, to establish themselves in nominally papal cities: the Pepoli in Bologna, the Ordelaffi in Forlì, the Manfredi in Faenza, the Malatesta in Rimini all gave nominal acknowledgement to their papal overlords and were declared vicars of the Church.

Antichristus ( 1521 ) by Lucas Cranach the Elder is a woodcut of the Papal States at war during the Renaissance. During this period the city of Avignon itself was added to the Papal States ; it remained a papal possession even after the popes returned to Rome, being seized and incorporated into the by then unitary French state only during the French Revolution.

During the Middle Ages, some councils were legatine, called by a papal legate rather than the pope or bishop.

During this period a team of painters that included Pietro Perugino, Sandro Botticelli and Domenico Ghirlandaio created a series of frescoed panels depicting the life of Moses and the life of Christ, offset by papal portraits above and trompe l ’ oeil drapery below.

During the 10th and the 11th centuries, the city strengthened its link with the papal court: In fact, the popes began to consider the old capital city of the Hernici a safer and healthier spot compared to Rome, which was the place of frequent epidemic diseases.

During his concluding years the archbishop appears to have upheld the papal authority in England, although not to the injury of the English Church.

During the 13th century two events happened which destroyed this form of legal education: first, a decree by Henry III of England on 2 December 1234 that no institutes of legal education could exist in the City of London, and secondly a papal bull that prohibited the clergy from teaching the common law, rather than canon law.

During the 13th century two events happened which destroyed this form of legal education ; first, a papal bull of 1207 that prohibited the clergy from teaching the common law, rather than canon law, and secondly, a decree by Henry III of England on 2 December 1234 that no institutes of legal education could exist in the City of London.

During the 13th century, two events happened that destroyed this form of legal education ; firstly, a decree by Henry III of England on 2 December 1234 that no institutes of legal education could exist in the City of London, and secondly a papal bull that prohibited the clergy from teaching the common law, rather than canon law.

During the absence of the papal court in Avignon, it was prey to the struggles between Guelphs and Ghibellines, until in 1354 Cardinal Albornoz brought it once more under the authority of the Papal States.

During the following summer King Amalric II of Jerusalem intervened ; accompanied by the papal legate, cardinal Sofred of Saint-Praxedis, the masters of the Hospital and the Temple, and the high barons of the kingdom, he induced Leo to grant a short truce.

During the 10th century, their territory was conquered by another West Slavic tribe, the Polans settling in the adjacent Greater Polish land around Poznań and Gniezno and upon the death of Duke Mieszko I of Poland in 992, the Kujawy lands were part of his Civitas Schinesghe as circumscribed in the Dagome iudex papal regesta.

During the long strife over the temporalities of the Gallican Church between Louis XIV and Innocent XI, Père de la Chaise supported the royal prerogative, though he used his influence at Rome to conciliate the papal authorities.