Economists estimate that two-thirds of the value of large businesses in the U. S. can be traced to intangible assets.

Some Economists estimate a " range " of possible unemployment rates.

Economists often estimate the VSL by looking at the risks that people are voluntarily willing to take and how much they must be paid for taking them.

* Valdés, Juan Gabriel ( 1995 ), Pinochet's Economists: The Chicago School of Economics in Chile, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.

Economists from the Brookings Institution, a conservative think tank, and George Mason University have proven that indeed consumers save thanks to the lower fares resulting from a competitive airline marketplace.

* Valdes, Juan Gabriel ( 2008 ): Pinochet's Economists: The Chicago School of Economics in Chile ( Historical Perspectives on Modern Economics ), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-06440-6

Economists Alfred Marshall, A. C. Pigou, and John Maynard Keynes ( before he developed his own, eponymous school of thought ) associated with Cambridge University, took a slightly different approach to the quantity theory, focusing on money demand instead of money supply.

The University was once praised as “ the Mother of Chinese Petroleum Engineering Talents ” and “ the Cradle of Economists ”.

He is also a Andrew D. White Professor-at-Large ( 2007 – 2013 ) at Cornell University and is currently ( 2010 – 2011 ) President of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists ( EAERE ).

Dasgupta has been honoured by elections as: Fellow of the Econometric Society ( 1975 ); Fellow of the British Academy ( 1989 ); Fellow of the Royal Society ( 2004 ); Member of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences ( 1997 ); Fellow of the Academy of Science for the Developing World ( formally the Third World Academy of Science ), TWAS, 2001 ; Member of Academia Europaea ( 2009 ); Foreign Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( 1991 ); Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences ( 1991 ); Foreign Associate of the US National Academy of Sciences ( 2001 ); Foreign Member of the American Philosophical Society ( 2005 ); Foreign Member of Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere Arti ( 2009 ); Honorary Fellow of the London School of Economics ( 1995 ); Honorary Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( 2010 ); Honorary Member of the American Economic Association ( 1997 ); Distinguished Fellow, CES, University of Munich, 2011 ; and President of the Royal Economic Society ( 1998 – 2001 ), the European Economic Association ( 1999 ), Section F ( Economics ) of the BA ( British Association for the Advancement of Science ) Festival of Science ( 2006 ), and the European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists ( 2010-2011 ).

* Swedberg, Richard, Economics and Sociology: Redefining Their Boundaries: Conversations with Economists and Sociologists, Princeton University Press 1990.

* Economists use the term " global labor arbitrage " to refer to the tendency of manufacturing jobs to flow towards whichever country has the lowest wages per unit output at present and has reached the minimum requisite level of political and economic development to support industrialization.

Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home ( hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of African dictators having Swiss bank accounts ).

Economists have criticized the government's fiscal policy, whose level of expenditures and indebtness has increase significantly within the past decade while the economy was grown at a much slower pace.

Economists explain moral hazard as a special case of information asymmetry, a situation in which one party in a transaction has more information than another.

Economists such as Paul Krugman, Peter Orszag, and Emmanuel Saez have argued that tax policy in the post World War II era has indeed increased income inequality by enabling the wealthiest American workers far greater access to capital than lower-income Americans.

Economists noted this transaction cost, and it has become part of economic theory, under the term " menu costs.

The university has many lecture series, such as the high-profile Trinity Distinguished Lecture Series, Stieren Arts Enrichment Series, Nobel Economists Lecture Series, and Flora Cameron Lecture on Politics and Public Affairs.

Economists Pedro Amaral and James MacGee find that the Canadian recovery has important differences with the United States.

Economists and historians recognise that common land tends to be overfarmed and overused, and in a similar vein the absence of property rights in the waters around the UK has led to overfishing such that the price of fish and seafood has rocketed.

has an interdisciplinary core curriculum taught by Anthropologists, Political Scientists, Economists and Historians.

Economists are still divided about the causes and cures of a jobless recovery: some argue that increased productivity through automation has allowed economic growth without reducing unemployment.

" Economists and organizations that he has accused of vulgar libertarianism include Ludwig von Mises, Milton Friedman, Madsen Pirie, Radley Balko and the Adam Smith Institute.

Economists argue, however, that Mao's emphasis on heavy industry lacked the foundation coming from light industry and created an unbalanced economic model.

Economists who studied with Hayek at the LSE in the 1930s and the 1940s include Arthur Lewis, Ronald Coase, John Kenneth Galbraith, Abba Lerner, Nicholas Kaldor, George Shackle, Thomas Balogh, Vera Smith, L. K. Jha, Arthur Seldon, Paul Rosenstein-Rodan, and Oskar Lange.

Economists such as Milton Friedman and Dr. Ravi Batra have theorized ways that a modern economy could have low inflation and near full employment ( as in close to 100 % of those who are not students and are healthy enough to work, and who wish to work at any given point in time ), as of yet these have yet to be widely disseminated through the press or introduced by most governments.

McNamara was, at the end of his life, a life trustee on the Board of Trustees of the California Institute of Technology ( Caltech ), a trustee of the Economists for Peace and Security, and an honorary trustee for the Brookings Institution.

Economists aligned with his government have argued that this was due to external factors outside the control of the administration at the time, such as the devaluation of the Brazilian real and the growth of the share of the debt denominated in US dollars.

He is a trustee of the Economists for Peace and Security, and co-director of the Social Interactions, Identity and Well-Being program at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research ( CIFAR ).

Economists at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development studied the effects of various types of taxes on the economic growth of developed nations within the OECD and found that sales taxes are one of the least harmful taxes for growth.

Economists have also looked at sticky wages as an explanation for why there is unemployment.

File: Waterstone's Economists ' Bookshop at London School of Economics. jpg | London School of Economics

Economists at the Cato Institute suggest that Wal-Mart is a success because it sells products that people want to buy at low prices, satisfying customer's wants and needs.

Economists Michael C. Burda and Charles Wyplosz provide an illustration of what can happen if a nation tries to pursue all three goals at once.

AEA still entitles the keynote address at its annual meeting the Richard T. Ely Lecture and recently honored him in the association's annual Economists ' Calendar.

Economists Milton Friedman, Gordon Tullock, Bryan Caplan, and Paul Krugman Furthermore, Roger Garrison argues that a false boom caused by artificially low interest rates would cause a boom in consumption goods as well as investment goods ( with a decrease in " middle goods "), thus explaining the jump in unemployment at the end of a boom.

Simms himself observed in response that The Economists own attempts at clairvoyance had " backfired spectacularly ".

Economists prefer Pigovian taxes and subsidies as being the least intrusive and most efficient method to resolve externalities.

Economists have suggested that those who support protectionism ostensibly to further the interests of workers in least developed countries are in fact being disingenuous, seeking only to protect jobs in developed countries.

Economists Dani Rodrik and Jeffrey Sachs have separately noted that there appears to be little correlation between measured economic freedom and economic growth when the least free countries are disregarded, as indicated by the strong growth of the Chinese economy in recent years.

Economists generally use the Greek letter as the inflation rate, not the constant 3. 14159 ....