David Kahanamoku, Lord Louis Mountbatten, Prince Edward, and Duke Kahanamoku, c. 1920. After his war service, and having been promoted to sub-lieutenant on 15 January 1919, Mountbatten attended Christ's College, Cambridge for two terms where he studied engineering in a programme that was specially designed for ex-servicemen.

He also besieged Tripoli, but abandoned it in May when Prince Edward of England arrived, the only part of Louis IX's crusade to arrive in the east.

Early developments in organometallic chemistry include Louis Claude Cadet ’ s synthesis of methyl arsenic compounds related to cacodyl, William Christopher Zeise's platinum-ethylene complex, Edward Frankland ’ s discovery of dimethyl zinc, Ludwig Mond ’ s discovery of Ni ( CO )< sub > 4 </ sub >, and Victor Grignard ’ s organomagnesium compounds.

Ivy Lee and Edward Louis Bernays established the first definition of public relations in the early 1900s as

In the last two decades of the 18th century polygenism, the belief that different races had evolved separately in each continent and shared no common ancestor, was advocated in England by historian Edward Long and anatomist Charles White, in Germany by ethnographers Christoph Meiners and Georg Forster, and in France by Julien-Joseph Virey, and prominently in the US by Samuel Morton, Josiah Nott and Louis Agassiz.

* St. Louis, Prince Edward Island ( part of the broader Alberton area )

England and the United Provinces had already begun raising armies, and now, although Louis had treated William as King of England since the Treaty of Ryswick, he now recognized James II's son, the Catholic James Francis Edward Stuart ( the " Old Pretender "), as the rightful monarch.

* July 25 – Frank Edward McGurrin, a court stenographer from Salt Lake City, Utah, purportedly the only person using touch typing at the time, wins a decisive victory over Louis Traub in a typing contest held in Cincinnati, Ohio.

* Hundred Years ' War: Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor appoints Edward III of England as a vicar-general of the Holy Roman Empire.

Edward III becomes Vicar to the Emperor Louis IV.

Louis also allied in 1337 with Edward III of England against Philip VI of France, the protector of the new Pope Benedict XII in Avignon.

In 1341 Louis deserted Edward but came only temporarily to terms with Philip.

In fiction, Robert Louis Stevenson had Dr. Henry Jekyll set up a home for Edward Hyde in Soho in his novel, Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.

In 1338, Louis IV named Edward vicar-general of the Holy Roman Empire and promised his support.

Despite his occasional ( if serious ) political setbacks — usually at the hands of his great Machiavellian rival, Louis XI of France — Edward was a popular and very able king.

The German Emperor Wilhelm II, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, Grand Duke Ernest Louis of Hesse, Duke Charles Edward of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and Duke Ernst August of Brunswick were Edward's nephews ; Queen Victoria Eugenia of Spain, Crown Princess Margaret of Sweden, Crown Princess Marie of Romania, Crown Princess Sophia of Greece, Empress Alexandra of Russia, Grand Duchess Alexandra of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and Duchess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen were his nieces ; Haakon VII of Norway was both his nephew by marriage and his son-in-law ; George I of Greece and Frederick VIII of Denmark were his brothers-in-law ; Albert I of Belgium, Charles I and Manuel II of Portugal, and Tsar Ferdinand of Bulgaria were his second cousins.

Five were candidates pressed by kings, placating respectively James II of Cyprus, Edward IV of England, Louis XI of France, Matthias Corvinus of Hungary and Ferdinand I of Naples ; one was the able administrator of the Franciscans ; and the last two elevated his old tutor and a first cardinal-nephew.

Edward chose to sit with Gaveston rather than Isabella at their wedding celebration, causing grave offence to her uncles Louis, Count of Évreux, and Charles, Count of Valois, and then refused to grant her either her own lands or her own household.

Edward was still relying upon his French relatives – Isabella's uncle, Louis d ' Évreux, for example had been sent from Paris to assist him – but Hugh Despenser the elder now formed part of the inner circle, marking the beginning of the Despensers ' increased prominence at Edward's court.

Isabella's three brothers each had only short reigns, and Edward had successfully avoided paying homage to Louis X, and had only paid homage to Philip V under great pressure.

Louis XI of France feared a hostile alliance of Burgundy under Charles the Bold and England under Edward.

On 4 January 1315, King Edward II of England, writing to King Louis X of France, said that he had heard of the death of ' Sir John de Balliol ' and requested the fealty and homage of Edward Balliol to be given by proxy.

He worked on famous projects like the Century 21 Exposition, 1964 New York World's Fair and Expo 67, with such notables as Walt Disney, Frank Lloyd Wright, Buckminster Fuller, Mies van der Rohe, Louis I. Kahn, Paul Rudolph, Marcel Breur, José Luis Sert, Edward Durell Stone, Minoru Yamasaki, Harry Weese, Moshe Safdie, Jacques Yves Cousteau, Alexander Calder, and Edward Larrabee Barnes.

Modern advertising was created with the innovative techniques introduced with tobacco advertising in the 1920s, most significantly with the campaigns of Edward Bernays, which is often considered the founder of modern, Madison Avenue advertising.

* Bernays, Edward.

Edward Bernays, often described as the father of public relations

This methodology was one of Edward Bernays ' favorite techniques for manipulating public opinion by the indirect use of " third-party authorities " to influence the public, without their conscious cooperation.

Edward Bernays has been called the " Father of Spin ".

Larry Tye describes in his book, " The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays & The Birth of PR ", some situations in twentieth-century America where tobacco and alcohol companies used techniques to make certain behaviors more socially acceptable.

* Edward Bernays

Edward Bernays ( 1891 – 1995 ), nephew of psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, was considered the father of the field of public relations.

* Edward Bernays

As a genre of political thought, parallels exist between Niebuhr's " necessary illusions " and the " noble lies " of Leo Strauss, " public relations " of Edward Bernays and " myth making " of Niccolò Machiavelli.

* Edward Bernays

* Edward Bernays

* Edward L. Bernays, Crystallizing Public Opinion, 1923

Edward Bernays directed public relations of the fair in 1939, which he called ' democricity '.

* Edward Bernays

His principal competitor in the new public relations industry was Edward Bernays.

Public relations pioneer Edward Bernays later refined the creation and use of press releases.

* Edward Bernays

* Edward Bernays

* Journalists, writers, publishers: Mathilde Franziska Anneke ; Gustav Bloede ( see Marie Bloede ); Rudolf Doehn ; Carl Adolph Douai ; Carl Daenzer ; Bernard Domschke ; Christian Esselen ( editor of Atlantis ); Julius Fröbel ; Karl Peter Heinzen ; Rudolf Lexow ( founder of Belletristisches Journal ); Niclas Müller ; Reinhold Solger ; Emil Praetorius ; Oswald Ottendorfer ; Friedrich Hassaurek ; Theodor Olshausen ; Hermann Raster ; Wilhelm Rapp ; Carl Heinrich Schnauffer ; Kaspar Beetz ; Carl Dilthey ; F. Raine ; Heinrich Börnstein ; Charles L. Bernays ; Emil Rothe ; Eduard Leyh ; George Schneider ( who was also a banker ); Albert Sigel ; Franz Umbscheiden ; Edward Morwitz ( who was also a physician )

To involve the politically reticent President Eisenhower, the UFC employed the public relations-and-advertising expert Edward L. Bernays to create, organise, and direct a psychologically inflammatory, anti – Communist disinformation campaign ( print and radio, film and television ) against the liberal Árbenz Government of Guatemala.

The public relations expert Edward L. Bernays manufactured the popular consent that made feasible the 1954 Guatemalan coup d ’ état by the United States.

In 1954, for his clients, the Eisenhower Administration and the United Fruit Company, the public relations expert Edward Bernays engineered American popular consent for the 1954 Guatemalan coup d ‘ état to overthrow a capitalist democracy in Central America.