In modern English, " Americans " generally refers to residents of the United States, and among native speakers of English this usage is almost universal, with any other use of the term requiring specification of the subject under discussion.

English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Hebrew, Arabic, Portuguese, and Russian speakers may use the term American to refer to either inhabitants of the Americas or to U. S. nationals.

English speakers treat them as the same sound, but they are different: the first is aspirated and the second is unaspirated ( plain ).

English speakers may be unaware of the differences among six allophones of the phoneme, namely unreleased as in cat, aspirated as in top, glottalized as in button, flapped as in American English water, nasalized flapped as in winter, and none of the above as in stop.

Native Hindi speakers pronounce / व / as in vrat (' व ् रत ', fast ) but in pakwan (' पकव ा न ', food dish ), treating them as a single phoneme and without being aware of the allophone distinctions they are subconsciously making, though these are apparent to native English speakers.

Similarly, Hindi-Urdu speakers might unconsciously apply their native ' v-w ' allophony rules to English words, pronouncing war as var or advance as adwance, which can result in intelligibility problems with native English speakers.

Darker shades of blue indicate higher concentrations of native English speakers in the corresponding states.

Approximately two-thirds of the world's native speakers of English live in the United States.

Chief among other English dialects are Canadian English ( based on the English of United Empire Loyalists who left the 13 Colonies ), and Australian English, which rank third and fourth in number of native speakers.

English voiceless stops are aspirated for most native speakers when they are word-initial or begin a stressed syllable, as in pen, ten, Ken.

" Pearl milk tea " is also used by English speakers and overseas Chinese and Taiwanese speakers, but it is usually called bubble tea.

* 珍珠奶茶 or 珍奶 for short ) (): " pearl milk tea ", or more commonly referred to as bubble tea by most English speakers and overseas Chinese speakers.

* 波霸奶茶 (): " bubble milk tea " and also commonly referred to as boba tea by English speakers and Asian Americans.

The original Old English language was then influenced by two waves of invasion ; the first was by language speakers of the Scandinavian branch of the Germanic family ; they conquered and colonised parts of Britain in the 8th and 9th centuries.

English philosopher Samuel Alexander's debt to Wordsworth and Meredith is a recent interesting example, as also A. N. Whitehead's understanding of the English romantics, chiefly Shelley and Wordsworth.

A good deal of English was spoken on the beach, most educated Greeks learn it in childhood, and there were also American wives and children of our overseas servicemen.

The English, relying on a prejudiced arbiter and confronted with superior diplomatic skill, were also hampered in their negotiations by the events that were taking place at home.

The defeat and death of Adolf of Nassau at the hands of Albert of Habsburg also worked to the disadvantage of the English, for all the efforts to revive the anti-French coalition came to nothing when Philip made an alliance with the new king of the Romans.

These shifts in alliance and allegiance not only increased the difficulties confronting the English embassy as a whole, but also directly involved the two Savoyards, Amadee and Othon.

and also of English Youth and any others ''.

There was Sounder, too, also a veteran of the North Rim, and Rastus and the Rake from a pack of English fox-hounds, and a collie from a London pound, and Simba, a terrier.

It also makes a fine introduction to the international art form with good examples of Italian and English madrigals plus several French `` chansons ''.

Only after 1915, with the suggestion and evidence that this Z number was also the nuclear charge and a physical characteristic of atoms, did the word and its English equivalent atomic number come into common use.

He also developed literary skills to write poetry in English.

Not only was his Belgian nationality interesting because of Belgium's occupation by Germany ( which provided a valid explanation of why such a skilled detective would be out of work and available to solve mysteries at an English country house ), but also at the time of Christie's writing, it was considered patriotic to express sympathy with the Belgians, since the invasion of their country had constituted Britain's casus belli for entering World War I, and British wartime propaganda emphasized the " Rape of Belgium ".

An abbot ( from Old English abbod, abbad, from Latin abbas (“ father ”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς ( abbas ), from Aramaic ܐܒܐ / אבא (’ abbā, “ father ”); confer German Abt ; French abbé ) is the head and chief governor of a community of monks, called also in the East hegumen or archimandrite.

Fingerspelling as the main form of communication is known as the Rochester Method, also known as Visible English.

* The Abduction ( novel ), 1987, also called Bortførelsen, written in Norwegian by Mette Newth, translated into English by Steven T. Murray and Tiina Nunnally

There are also a few " natural " instances: English words unconsciously created by switching letters around.

It has also been speculated that the English " curd " comes from the Latin crudus (" raw ").

Both the Latin and the Germanic words derive from the Proto-Indo-European root el -, meaning " red " or " brown ", which is also a root for the English words " elk " and another tree: " elm ", a tree distantly related to the alders.

According to The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Asgard is derived from Old Norse āss, god + garðr, enclosure ; from Indo-European roots ansu-spirit, demon ( see cognate ahura ) + gher-grasp, enclose ( see cognates garden and yard ).< ref >; See also ansu-and gher -< sup > 1 </ sup > in " Appendix I: Indo-European Roots " in the same work .</ ref >

In French, and sometimes ( especially earlier ) also in English, the city is known as Aix-la-Chapelle ().

Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge suggest this also for Bald's Leechbook and the anonymous Old English Martyrology.

André de Longjumeau ( also known as Andrew of Longjumeau in English ) was a 13th century Dominican missionary and diplomat and one of the most active Occidental diplomats in the East in the 13th century.

Rhoticity was further supported by Hiberno-English, West Country English and Scottish English as well as the fact most regions of England at this time also had rhotic accents.

An unofficial standard for spoken American English has also developed, as a result of mass media and geographic and social mobility, and broadly describes the English typically heard from network newscasters, commonly referred to as non-regional diction, although local newscasters tend toward more parochial forms of speech.

An appellate court, commonly called an appeals court or court of appeals ( American English ) or appeal court ( British English ), is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal.

abate ), as commonly used in the Catholic Church on the European continent, is the equivalent of the English " Father " ( parallel etymology ), being loosely applied to all who have received the tonsure.

Andreas Capellanus ( Capellanus meaning " chaplain ") was the 12th-century author of a treatise commonly known as De amore (" About Love "), and often known in English, somewhat misleadingly, as The Art of Courtly Love, though its realistic, somewhat cynical tone suggests that it is in some measure an antidote to courtly love.

The adjective alkaline is commonly used in English as a synonym for base, especially for soluble bases.

Belize ( formerly British Honduras ) is a country located on the north eastern coast of Central America and it is the only country in the area where English is the official language, although Creole and Spanish are more commonly spoken.

Beowulf (; in Old English or ) is the conventional title of an Old English heroic epic poem consisting of 3182 alliterative long lines, set in Scandinavia, commonly cited as one of the most important works of Anglo-Saxon literature.

The term " bagpipe " is equally correct in the singular or plural, although in the English language, pipers most commonly talk of " the pipes ", " a set of pipes ", or " a stand of pipes ".

Four of the most notable English Abbeys are the Basilica of St Gregory the Great at Downside, commonly known as Downside Abbey, Ealing Abbey in Ealing, West London and St. Lawrence's in Yorkshire ( Ampleforth Abbey ) and Worth Abbey which has appeared in two BBC2 TV programmes ; ' The Monastery ( BBC TV series )' and ' The Big Silence '.

Since the early 20th century it has been commonly accepted that Old Irish Bel ( l ) taine is derived from a Common Celtic * belo-te ( p ) niâ, meaning " bright fire " ( where the element * belo-might be cognate with the English word bale in ' bale-fire ' meaning ' white ' or ' shining '; compare Anglo-Saxon bael, and Lithuanian / Latvian baltas / balts, found in the name of the Baltic ; in Slavic languages byelo or beloye also means ' white ', as in Беларусь ( White Russia or Belarus ) or Бе ́ лое мо ́ ре Sea ).

English texts on the right side of the vehicle are also quite commonly written in reverse order.

Although this selected translation is not generally quoted by members of the Church, the English Bible issued by the Church and commonly used by Latter-day Saints contains cross references to the Joseph Smith Translation ( JST ), as well as an appendix containing major excerpts from it.

In Trinidadian English, they are commonly called crapaud, the French word for toad.

It is also commonly known as ' bullfrog ' in Philippine English.

As the republicans were based in Canton ( a Cantonese speaking area, now commonly known as Guangzhou ), Chiang became known by Westerners under the Cantonese romanization of his courtesy name, while the family name as known in English seems to be the Mandarin pronunciation of his Chinese family name, transliterated in Wade-Giles )

The name Cuāuhtemōc ( Nahuatl pronunciation: ) means " One That Has Descended Like an Eagle ", commonly rendered in English as " Descending Eagle " as in the moment when an eagle folds its wings and plummets down to strike its prey, so this is a name that implies aggressiveness and determination.

Edward Herman's book Beyond Hypocrisy also includes a doublespeak dictionary of commonly employed media terms and phrases into plain English.

* DeviantArt, an English speaking, American based website that focuses on art, which is commonly abbreviated to ' dA '

It is the most commonly used letter in Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Latin, Norwegian, Spanish, and Swedish.

In England the particular style of dance described here is much more commonly referred to as " Playford ", and the term " country dancing " is used to cover the complete range of different English folk dance styles.