* Financial capital, any form of wealth capable of being employed in the production of more wealth

The discipline of capital budgeting is devoted to this question, and may employ standard business valuation techniques or even extend to real options valuation ; see Financial modeling.

* Financial capital — This is simply the amount of money the initiator of the business has invested in it.

" Financial capital " often refers to his or her net worth tied up in the business ( assets minus liabilities ) but the phrase often includes money borrowed from others.

The Financial Rand formed part of a system of capital controls, generally called Exchange Controls.

Financial reinsurance is a form of reinsurance that is primarily used for capital management rather than to transfer insurance risk.

Financial economics examines topics such as the structure of optimal portfolios, the rate of return to capital, econometric analysis of security returns, and corporate financial behavior.

* Financial repression: Government policies such as interest rate caps on government debt, financial regulations such as reserve requirements and capital controls, and barriers to entry in markets where the government owns or controls businesses.

Financial regulators, such as the UK's Financial Services Authority ( FSA ) or the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission ( SEC ), oversee the capital markets in their designated jurisdictions to ensure that investors are protected against fraud, among other duties.

According to a 2012 Financial Times article, hedge funds are increasingly making most of the short term trades in large sections of the capital market ( like the UK and US stock exchanges ), which is making it harder for them to maintain their historically high returns, as they are increasingly finding themselves trading with each other rather than with less sophisticated investors.

In 1988, Vázquez Raña sold UPI to Infotechnology Inc. an information technology and venture capital company and parent company of cable TV's Financial News Network, both headed by Earl Brian, who also became UPI chairman.

Financial capital or just capital in finance and accounting, refers to the funds provided by lenders ( and investors ) to businesses to purchase real capital equipment for producing goods / services.

Financial capital generally refers to saved-up financial wealth, especially that used to start or maintain a business.

Financial capital maintenance can be measured in either nominal monetary units or units of constant purchasing power.

There are thus three concepts of capital maintenance in terms of International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS ): ( 1 ) Physical capital maintenance ( 2 ) Financial capital maintenance in nominal monetary units ( 3 ) Financial capital maintenance in units of constant purchasing power.

From there one can pay professional advisors to set up IBCs ( International Business Corporations, or corporations with anonymous ownership ) or similar structures in OFCs ( Offshore Financial Centers ).

Financial institutions in Australia are required to track significant cash transactions ( greater than A $ 10, 000. 00 or equivalent in physical cash value ) that can be used to finance terrorist activities in and outside Australia's borders and report them to AUSTRAC.

Financial institutions in Canada are required to track large cash transactions ( daily total greater than CAD $ 10, 000. 00 or equivalent value in other currencies ) that can be used to finance terrorist activities in and beyond Canada's borders and report them to FINTRAC.

State Street Bank v. Signature Financial Group is the landmark case in which the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ruled ( July 23, 1998 ) that a computer algorithm can be patented to the extent that it produces " a useful, concrete and tangible result ".

Financial repression is most successful in liquidating debts when accompanied by a steady dose of inflation, and it can be considered a form of taxation.

Financial markets can be domestic or they can be international.

Financial assets with a known market value can be distributed as dividends ; warrants are sometimes distributed in this way.

Each year, well-known business publications such as Business Week, The Economist, U. S. News & World Report, Fortune, Financial Times, and The Wall Street Journal publish rankings of selected MBA programs that, while controversial in their methodology, nevertheless can directly influence the prestige of schools that achieve high scores.

* Financial institutions can use short-term savings to lend out in the form of short-term loans:

The others tend to be somewhere in between ; the Financial Times and Independent tend towards Ximenean, the Daily Telegraph also – although its Toughie crossword can take a very Libertarian approach depending on the setter.

IT Financial Management comprises the discipline of ensuring that the IT infrastructure is obtained at the most effective price ( which does not necessarily mean cheapest ) and calculating the cost of providing IT services so that an organization can understand the costs of its IT services.

Financial capital maintenance can be measured in either nominal monetary units or units of constant purchasing power.

Financial statements for banks in Montenegro are, generally, of high quality and can be compared to those of the European Union.

Financial con games can go on for many years and take sophisticated forms.

" Financial bailouts of lending institutions by governments, central banks or other institutions can encourage risky lending in the future if those that take the risks come to believe that they will not have to carry the full burden of potential losses.

Financial instruments can be categorized by form depending on whether they are cash instruments or derivative instruments:

CPAs can also be employed by corporations — termed " the private sector "— in finance functions such as Chief Financial Officer ( CFO ) or finance manager, or as CEOs subject to their full business knowledge and practice.

Financial assistance is available to cover transportation costs, and SCA can provide gear to those needing it.

Financial risk management is often a high priority for participants in deregulated electricity markets due to the substantial price and volume risks that the markets can exhibit.

Its regulatory decisions can be appealed to the Financial Services and Markets Tribunal.

* Changed circumstances: Financial or living arrangements change drastically and people feel they can no longer provide an appropriate home for the pet.

ISIN and CFI information can be accessed through the ANNA Service Bureau, run by Standard and Poor's and SIX Financial Information.

Canyon of Heroes is occasionally used to refer to the section of lower Broadway in the Financial District that is the location of the city's ticker-tape parades.

Financial assistance in the form of a subsidy may come from one's government, but the term subsidy may also refer to assistance granted by others, such as individuals or non-governmental institutions.

Within business-related contexts, many people use the term downtown Manhattan to refer only to the Financial District and the corporate offices in the immediate vicinity.

Financial security may refer to:

Financial economists and academic papers will usually refer to all liabilities as debt, and the statement that equity plus liabilities equals assets is therefore an accounting identity ( it is, by definition, true ).

Financial institutions may report off-balance sheet items in their accounting statements formally, and may also refer to " assets under management ," a figure that may include on and off-balance sheet items.