From 1652 to 1660, Scotland was part of the Commonwealth and Protectorate, under English control but gaining equal trading rights.

From 1617 to 1619 Marie de ' Medici, wife of King Henri IV, exiled from the court, lived at the château, which was soon afterwards given by King Louis XIII to his brother Gaston, Duke of Orléans, who lived there till his death in 1660.

From 1614 to 1660, Urk and Emmeloord were ruled by Jonkheer van der Werve.

From 1660 to 1792 Urk and Emmeloord belonged to the municipality of Amsterdam, and ruled from 1660 to 1672 / 1678 by Andries de Graeff.

From July 1660 until December 1662, Henschen and van Papenbroeck travelled through Germany, Italy and France in order to collect copies of hagiographic manuscripts.

From 1660 to 1670, French Jesuit missionaries extended into the new territory, with establishments at Sault Ste.

; Chief Secretary for Ireland: From 1660, originally the chief administrator, but by the end of the 19th century effectively the prime minister in the administration, with the Lord Lieutenant becoming a form of constitutional monarch.

From May 1659 to February 1660 he went on publishing tracts on the case of the ' secluded members and attacks on the ref-formed Rump Parliament and the army.

From 1660 to 1665 the Virginia government met in Jamestown at the local taverns.

* From 30 January 1649 until 29 May 1660, The English Interregnum.

From 1660 to 1670 he was regarded as the most influential figure at court, and very largely employed in financial and diplomatic affairs.

From 1649 to 1660 he was President of the Privy Council.

## From Rubens to Rembrandt: 1555 – 1660

## From Dryden to Swift: 1660 – 1714

From 1651 to 1660, he lived abroad.

From 1643 to 1660, while both princes were alive, Philippe was commonly known as le Petit Monsieur, while Gaston, his uncle, was known as le Grand Monsieur.

From 1655 until 1660 the area was occupied by Sweden.

From about 1660 the classification moved from one based on the number of men to one based on the number of carriage guns a ship carried.

From 1648 – 1660 Longwy was part of the Kingdom of France, returning to the Duchy of Lorraine afterwards.

From its inception in 1540 The Court of Wards and Liveries administered the funds received from the wardships, marriages and the granting of livery ; both courts and practice were abolished in 1646. and the whole system of feudal tenure was abolished by the Feudal Tenures Act 1660.

From 1660 until his death, he lived in London, and devoted himself exclusively to theological study and to the pastoral charge of the Fetter Lane Independent Church.

From 15th century, at least up to 1660, the heir apparent of the King of Denmark and Norway was generally titled " Prince of Norway ", in recognition to his hereditary right to succeed to the Norwegian throne upon the death of the king, as opposed to the need to pass an election in order to succeed to the Danish throne.

From 1660 to 1668, Bridgeman was Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, and from 1667 to 1672 Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.

From January – September 2010, bilateral trade with the United States measured approximately $ 150 million, on track for about a 30 percent increase over 2009.

" Coherence and Incoherence in Historical Studies: From the Annales School to the New Cultural History ," New Literary History, olume 35, Number 2, Spring 2004, pp. 207 – 231 in Project Muse

From the dry ground in late summer ( August in zone 7 ) each bulb produces one or two leafless stems 30 – 60 cm tall, each of which bears a cluster of 2 to 12 funnel-shaped flowers at their tops.

From a modern perspective these figures may seem small, but in the world of Greek city-states Athens was huge: most of the thousand or so Greek cities could only muster 1000 – 1500 adult male citizens and Corinth, a major power, had at most 15, 000 but in some very seldom cases more.

From there we see Jesus ' ministry move from Galilee ( chapters 4 – 9 ), through Samaria and Judea ( chs.

From 1598 – 1600 is a triple Portrait, now in Naples, an example of genre painting.

From Emperor Claudius ( reigned AD 41 – 54 ) onwards, Varro's calculation ( see below ) superseded other contemporary calculations.

From the beach there are also views of the San Francisco skyline and the San Francisco – Oakland Bay Bridge.

* Basil Gounaris, " From Peasants into Urbanites, from Village into Nation: Ottoman Monastir in the Early Twentieth Century ", European History Quarterly 31: 1 ( 2001 ), pp. 43 – 63.

From a mechanical viewpoint, up to 99 % of the energy delivered by the rider into the pedals is transmitted to the wheels, although the use of gearing mechanisms may reduce this by 10 – 15 %.

From a base of 90 % of trains arriving on time in 1998, the measure dipped to 75 % in mid 2001 and, by the end of the 2002 – 3 period, had recovered to only 80 %.

From south to north, Broadway at one point or another runs over or under the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, the BMT Broadway Line, the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line, and the IND Eighth Avenue Line:

( 2002 ) Quest for Decisive Victory: From Stalemate to Blitzkrieg in Europe, 1899 – 1940, Modern War Studies.

From Tell al-Ubaid in 1919 and 1923 – 1924, directed by H. R. Hall came the bronze furnishings of a Sumerian temple, including life-sized lions and a panel featuring the lion-headed eagle Indugud.

From his research grew his Disputationes de controversiis christianae fidei ( also called Disputationes ), first published at Ingolstadt in 1581 – 1593.

From 1907 on, English language articles sometimes used the term " Maximalist " for " Bolshevik " and " Minimalist " for " Menshevik ", which proved confusing since there was also a " Maximalist " faction within the Russian Socialist-Revolutionary Party in 1904 – 1906 ( which after 1906 formed a separate Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries Maximalists ) and then again after 1917.

From independence through the period of the presidency of Félix Malloum ( 1975 – 79 ), the official national army was known as the Chadian Armed Forces ( Forces Armées Tchadiennes — FAT ).

* Cragon, Harvey G. From Fish to Colossus: How the German Lorenz Cipher was Broken at Bletchley Park ( Cragon Books, Dallas, 2003 ; ISBN 0-9743045-0-6 ) – A detailed description of the cryptanalysis of Tunny, and some details of Colossus ( contains some minor errors )

: From ownership on down, it's an approach the Rockies are proud of – and something they are wary about publicizing.

* Holger Nehring, ' From Gentleman's Club to Folk Festival: The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament in Manchester, 1958-63 ', North West Labour History Journal, No. 26 ( 2001 ), pp. 18 – 28

" From these principles and some additional constraints —( 1a ) a lower bound on the linear dimensions of any of the parts, ( 1b ) an upper bound on speed of propagation ( the velocity of light ), ( 2 ) discrete progress of the machine, and ( 3 ) deterministic behavior — he produces a theorem that " What can be calculated by a device satisfying principles I – IV is computable.

* Chiang Kai-shek Biography – From Spartacus Educational

From then on, until the ascension of Mikhail Gorbachev, the Central Committee played a minor role in the running of the party and state – the Politburo was the highest political organ in the Soviet Union.

From the only daughter of Camille, Jeanne Pissarro, other painters include Henri Bonin-Pissarro also known as BOPI ( 1918 – 2003 ) and Claude Bonin-Pissarro ( born 1921 ), who is the father of Abstract artist Frédéric Bonin-Pissarro ( born 1964 ).

From May 1828, until February 1829, he traveled with Roderick Impey Murchison ( 1792 – 1871 ) to the south of France ( Auvergne volcanic district ) and to Italy.