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Gondophares I has traditionally been given a later date ; the reign of one king calling himself Gondophares has been established at 20 AD by the rock inscription he set up at Takht-i Bahi ( also known as Takht Bahi ) in 46 AD., and he has also been connected with the third-century Acts of Thomas.
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Gondophares and I
Gondophares I originally seems to have been a ruler of Seistan in eastern Iran, probably a vassal or relative of the Apracarajas.
After the death of Gondophares I, the empire started to fragment.
But the Indo-Parthians never regained the position of Gondophares I, and from the middle of the 1st century AD the Kushans under Kujula Kadphises began absorbing the northern Indian part of the kingdom.
As Senior points out, this Gudnaphar has usually been identified with the first Gondophares, who has thus been dated after the advent of Christianity, but there is no evidence for this assumption, and Senior ’ s research shows that Gondophares I could be dated even before 1 AD.
* Gondophares I ( c. 20 BC – first years AD ) Coin
Gondophares I ( Pashto: Gandapur ) a Seistani representative of the house of Suren as well as founder and first king of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom.
Recent research has however shown unambiguously that " Gondophares " was a title held by many kings ; none of the ancient inscriptions or sources could be specifically connected with the first Gondophares, and numismatic indications strongly suggest that Gondophares I was earlier than these events.
Gondophares I took over the Kabul valley and the Punjab and Sindh region area from the Indo-Scythian king Azes.
In reality, a number of vassal rulers seem to have switched allegiance from the Indo-Scythians to Gondophares I.
This king has been associated with Gondophares I by many scholars, as it was not yet established that there were several kings with the same name.
Purii says that the dates given by Philostratus in his Life of Apollonius of Tyana for Apollonius ' visit to Taxila, 43 – 44 AD, are within the period of the reign of Gondophares I, who also went by the Parthian name, Phraotes.
Abdagases I was an Indo-Parthian king, a nephew of Gondophares evident from some of his coins, who ruled during the first decades of the 1st century AD.
Gondophares and traditionally
These kings have traditionally been referred to as Indo-Parthians, as their coinage was often inspired by the Arsacid dynasty, but they probably belonged to a wider groups of Iranian tribes who lived east of Parthia proper, and there is no evidence that all the kings who assumed the title Gondophares, which means ” Holder of Glory ”, were even related.
Gondophares and been
After a short reign, Sarpedones seems to have been succeeded by Orthagnes, who became Gondophares III Gadana.
B. N. Puri, of the Department of Ancient Indian History and Archaeology, University of Lucknow, India, also identified Gondophares with the ruler said to have been converted by Saint Thomas the Apostle.
Gondophares and given
A. D. H. Bivar, writing in The Cambridge History of Iran, said that the reign dates of one Gondophares recorded in the Takht-i Bahi inscription ( 20 – 46 or later AD ) are consistent with the dates given in the Apocryphal Acts of Thomas for the Apostle's voyage to India following the Crucifixion in c. 30 AD.
Gondophares and ;
Ernst Herzfeld maintained that the dynasty of Gondophares represented the house of Suren .< ref > Ernst Herzfeld, Archaeological History of Iran, London, Oxford University Press for the British Academy, 1935, p. 63 ; name =" Bivar_2003 "/>< sup > cf.
Gondophares and one
An inscription from Takht-i-Bahi near Hada bears two dates, one in the regnal year 26 of the Maharaja Guduvhara ( again thought to be a Gondophares ), and the year 103 of an unknown era.
Gondophares and king
* Gondophares becomes king of the Saces.
As it turned out however, " Gondophares " ( Old Persian: Vindafarna ) was actually a byname of several kings, meaning " May he find glory "; According to modern chronologists, the king most likely referred to by Thomas was Gondophares IV Sases.
Christian records claim that around AD 40 Thomas the Apostle visited India and encountered the Indo-Parthian king Gondophares.
After 20 AD, a king named Sases, a nephew of the Apracaraja ruler Aspavarma, took over Abdagases ’ territories and became Gondophares IV Sases.
Some ancient writing describe the presence of the Indo-Parthians in the area, such as the story of Saint Thomas the Apostle, who was recruited as a carpenter to serve at the court of king " Gudnaphar " ( thought to be Gondophares ) in India.
Coin of Gondophares ( 20 – 50 AD Common Era | CE ), first king of the Indo-Parthians Obv: Bust of GondopharesRev: Winged Nike ( mythology ) | Nike holding a diadem, and Greek language | Greek legend: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΣΩΤΗΡΟΣ ΥΝΔΟΦΕΡΡΟΥ (" of King Gondophares, the Saviour ")
Senior shows with some certainty that the king who best fits these references was Gondophares-Sases, the fourth king using the title Gondophares.
* A. E. Medlycott, India and the Apostle Thomas, London 1905: Chapter i: " The Apostle Thomas and Gondophares the Indian king "
Gondophares, the first king of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom, built parts of the city including the double headed eagle stupa and the temple of the sun god.
Sodasa reigned during the 1st century CE, and also took the title of Great Satrap, probably in the area of Mathura as well, but apparently under the suzerainty of the Indo-Parthian king Gondophares.
Gondophares and himself
Gondophares called himself " King of Kings ", a Parthian title that in his case correctly reflects that the Indo-Parthian empire was only a loose framework: a number of smaller dynasts certainly maintained their positions during the Indo-Parthian period, likely in exchange for their recognition of Gondophares and his successors.
Gondophares and established
Following the decline of the central Parthian authority after clashes with the Roman Empire, a local Parthian leader, Gondophares established the Indo-Parthian Kingdom in the 1st century CE.
Gondophares and at
Saint Thomas was brought before King Gundaphar ( Gondophares ) at his capital, Taxila.
Gondophares and 20
The Indo-Parthian Kingdom was founded by Gondophares around 20 BCE when he declared his Independence from the Parthians.
* Gondophares II Sarpedones ( first years AD – c. 20 AD ) Coin
* Gondophares III Gadana, previously Orthagnes ( c. 20 AD – 30 AD )
Gondophares and AD
* Gondophares IV Sases, previously Sases, ( mid-1st century AD )
Gondophares and by
The name or title Gondophares was adapted by Sarpedones, who become Gondophares II and was possibly son of the first Gondophares.
The name of the city was transformed in subsequent legends concerning Thomas, which were consolidated into the Historia Trium Regum ( History of the Three Kings ) by John of Hildesheim ( 1364 – 1375 ), into " Silla ", " Egrisilla ", " Grisculla ", and so on, the name having undergone a process of metamorphosis similar to that which transformed “ Vindapharnah ” ( Gondophares ) to “ Caspar ”.
Gondophares and inscription
According to Senior, this is the Gondophares referred to in the Takht-i-Bahi inscription.
Gondophares and also
The Ksaharatas also held sway in Gujerat, perhaps just outside Gondophares ' dominions.
Gondophares and with
The name Gondophares is a latinization of Greek ΥΝΔΟΦΕΡΡΗΣ with gen .-ΟΥ, from Old Persian Vindafarna " May he find glory.
Image: Gondophares1. jpg | Gondophares on horseback, with Zeus.
Image: Gondophares20. jpg | Gondophares on horseback ( missing ), with Zeus and Nike standing on right hand.
Image: Gondophares38. jpg | Gondophares on horseback ( missing ), with Athena.
Image: Gondophares39. jpg | Head of Gondophares, with Athena.
Image: Gondophares59. jpg | Bust of Gondophares, with winged Nike holding palm and wreath.
Image: Gondophares60. jpg | Gondophares on horseback, with symbol of Gondophares.
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