And no messages can be transmitted on these circuits until senders and receivers authenticate in advance, by special codes, that the messages actually come from their purported sources.

However, it is important to trace the philosophy of the French Revolution to its sources to understand the common democratic origin of individualism and socialism and the influence of the latter on the former.

I worked for a day on this plainly ridiculous assignment and consulted several of my own well-informed sources.

The Small Business Administration ( SBA ) provides guidance and advice on sources of technical information relating to small business management and research and development of products.

SBA makes loans to individual small business firms, providing them with financing when it is not otherwise available through private lending sources on reasonable terms.

This help is offered to applicants who ordinarily would not undertake the exploration under present conditions or circumstances at their sole expense and who are unable to obtain funds from commercial sources on reasonable terms.

( B ) the reduction of dependence on external sources.

It should be possible, however, to put useful limits on the diameters of the radio sources by observing with large reflectors or with interferometers.

There are several sources of evidence on the micrometeorite environment.

Furthermore, it may be possible to estimate the error due to bias in method ( as distinguished from sampling error ) in each of these sources, on such subjects as fertility, mortality, and migration during a given interval by using information from two largely independent sources in conjunction.

It is difficult to see any powerful sources of strength on the horizon at this time which would give the economy a new upward thrust.

When dealing with the actual relation of philosophy to the sociology of knowledge, or better the role of philosophy in assisting research on the social sources of ideas, one has to become necessarily selective.

The poem does not distort the syntax of ordinary speech nor draw on exotic sources of diction, yet it is obviously not ordinary speech -- only Hardy would say `` a grin of bitterness swept thereby ; ;

Approaching this problem on a statistical basis is invalid, because the opponent has the same sources available and will be encountered not under average conditions, but under the conditions most advantageous to him.

For many of these unwed mothers, the data on their family life and early childhood experiences revealed several indications and sources of their basic mistrust of their parents in particular and of the world in general.

Thus, the emperor could draw on sources not available to those with less puissant ancestors.

The current exhibition, which remains on view through Oct. 29, has tapped 14 major collections and many private sources.

Some unicellular species rely entirely on external energy sources and have limited or no photosynthetic apparatus.

F-ratios will depend on the order in which the sources of variation

The information given there is however, corrected and updated on the basis of the other sources indicated.

Computerized sources, on the other hand, are able to calculate the right ascension and declination of the " epoch of date " to the exact instant of observation.

The Poetic and Prose Eddas, the oldest sources for information on the Norse concept of the afterlife, vary in their description of the several realms that are described as falling under this topic.

Abalone are normally found on rocks near food sources ( kelp ).

Based on the amber, the island could have been Heligoland, Zealand, the shores of Bay of Gdansk, Sambia or the Curonian Lagoon, which were historically the richest sources of amber in northern Europe.

Sasso was the main source of European borax from 1827 to 1872, at which date American sources replaced it.

American cavers recommend a minimum of three independent sources of light per person, but two lights is common practice amongst European cavers.

Mainland European sources rarely concern themselves with affairs in Britain, and even less commonly with events in northern Britain, but the life of Saint Cathróe of Metz, a work of hagiography written in Germany at the end of the 10th century, provides plausible details of the saint's early life in north Britain.

Before the 20th century, European sources often referred to the Dalai Lama as the " Grand Lama ".

As for Western sources, Benjamin of Tudela, the Jewish traveler who passed through Lebanon in or about 1165, was one of the first European writers to refer to the Druzes by name.

The European Parliament's Temporary Committee on the ECHELON Interception System stated: " It seems likely, in view of the evidence and the consistent pattern of statements from a very wide range of individuals and organisations, including American sources, that its name is in fact ECHELON, although this is a relatively minor detail.

In order to distinguish esoteric currents based primarily on sources from late Antiquity and the European Middle Ages, from e. g. Islamic or Jewish currents with similar features, the more precise term " Western esotericism " is often employed.

Murray used 16th to 17th century French sources on supposed Witches ' Sabbaths in the context of the European witch trials to " reconstruct " a Witch Cult in Western Europe.

Several sources mention Chinese firearms and gunpowder weapons being deployed by the Mongols against European forces at the Battle of Mohi in 1241.

The information available on Greek fire is exclusively indirect, based on references in the Byzantine military manuals and a number of secondary historical sources such as Anna Komnene and Western European chroniclers, which are often inaccurate.

* European History Primary Sources Online access to primary sources for historians

Certain European ritual traits such as the significance of the number 3, the importance of the head and of water sources such as springs remain in the archaeological record, but the differences in the votive offerings made at the Roman Baths ( Bath ), Bath, Somerset before and after the Roman conquest suggest that continuity was only partial.

Murray attempts to claim that various depictions of humans with horns from European and Indian sources, ranging from the paleolithic French cave painting of " The Sorcerer " to the Indic Pashupati to the modern English Dorset Ooser, are evidence for an unbroken, Europe-wide tradition of worship of a singular Horned God.

Mehmed the Conqueror, the Ottoman sultan living in the 15th century, European sources say “ who was known to have ambivalent sexual tastes, sent a eunuch to the house of Notaras, demanding that he supply his good looking fourteen year old son for the Sultan ’ s pleasure.

European hackers have mostly learned the word from written American sources and tend to pronounce it / kluhj / but use the wider American meaning!

Lesotho has received economic aid from a variety of sources, including the United States, the World Bank, the United Kingdom, the European Union, and Germany.

According to the official Bulgarian sources, in the period between 2000 to 2006 some 30 000 Macedonian citizens applied for Bulgarian citizenship, attracted by the Bulgaria's recent positive development and the opportunity to get European Union passports after Bulgaria joined EU on the beginning of 2007.

Mali is among the ten poorest nations of the world, is one of the 37 Heavily Indebted Poor Countries, and is a major recipient of foreign aid from many sources, including multilateral organizations ( most significantly the World Bank, African Development Bank, and Arab Funds ), and bilateral programs funded by the European Union, France, United States, Canada, Netherlands, and Germany.

Western aid quickly replaced Soviet support, with the Scandinavians, Finland, the United States, the Netherlands, and the European Union becoming increasingly important sources of development assistance.

Cross-border commerce ( legal or smuggled ) and Spanish and European grants and wages are the other income sources.

Most modern potatoes grown in North America arrived through European settlement and not independently from the South American sources.

Over the last two decades some new sources of funding for parapsychology in Europe have see a " substantial increase in European parapsychological research so that the center of gravity for the field has swung from the United States to Europe ".

Drawing on Classical sources and upon their own internal interactions — for example, the hostility between the English and Irish was a powerful influence on early European thinking about the differences between people — Europeans began to sort themselves and others into groups based on physical appearance, and to attribute to individuals belonging to these groups behaviors and capacities which were claimed to be deeply ingrained.

These writings were lost to European societies until Renaissance scholars rediscovered them through Muslim sources and translated them from Arabic into European languages.