IBM kept some secrets, as Coppersmith explains: " After discussions with NSA, it was decided that disclosure of the design considerations would reveal the technique of differential cryptanalysis, a powerful technique that could be used against many ciphers.

In the end, Microsoft decided to recast NT OS / 2 3. 0 as Windows NT, leaving all future OS / 2 development to IBM.

( The introduction by IBM of the 370 series required RCA to make a substantial new investment in its computer division, and the Board decided against making that investment.

IBM has ' end of life'd VisualAge Smalltalk having in the late 1990s decided to back Java and it is,, supported by Instantiations, Inc. which has renamed the product VA Smalltalk and released several new versions.

After a scaled down version of Deep Blue, Deep Blue Jr., played Grandmaster Joel Benjamin, Hsu and Campbell decided that Benjamin was the expert they were looking for to develop Deep Blue's opening book, and Benjamin was signed by IBM Research to assist with the preparations for Deep Blue's matches against Garry Kasparov.

It was decided to shelve the Whirlwind II design without building it and concentrate MIT's resources on programming and applications for the original machine, now called Whirlwind I. IBM based their production designs, the AN / FSQ-7, on the stillborn Whirlwind II.

It was decided that Taligent would become a wholly owned subsidiary of IBM, focusing on developing technology and leaving the marketing to IBM.

IBM lawyers stopped this handy naming convention from being used and decided that all products needed to be called " product FOR platform " ( for example, DB2 for OS / 390 ).

The IBM task force assembled to develop the PC decided that critical components of the machine, including the operating system, would come from outside vendors.

But IBM initially decided not to supply a time-sharing operating system for the machine.

After discussions with the small company Microsoft, IBM decided to use 86-DOS ( QDOS ), a CP / M-like operating system that a Seattle area computer company had made for its own hardware.

Alan Shugart, after a distinguished career at IBM and a few years at Memorex, decided to strike out on his own, and in 1973 he gathered up some venture capital and started Shugart Associates.

In June, Judge Ted Stewart decided that SCO was obligated to recognize Novell's waiver of SCO ’ s purported claims against IBM and Sequent.

But after the lawsuit was filed, IBM decided it would have two families: the System / 38 line, intended for large companies and representing IBM's future direction, and the System / 36 line, intended for small companies who had used the company's legacy System / 32 / 34 computers.

In this regard, the AS / Entry was a failure because IBM decided the machine's architecture was not economically feasible and the older model 5363 that the 9401 was based on was a much more reliable system.

With the advent and popularity of BPML, and the growing success of BPMI. org and the open BPMS movement led by JBoss and Intalio Inc., IBM and Microsoft decided to combine these languages into a new language, BPEL4WS.

In 2000, major companies such as IBM, Apple, and Compaq ( now merged with Hewlett-Packard ) decided to discontinue their involvement with COMDEX to allocate resources more efficiently.

The response was overwhelming, and when his income from PC-File exceeded " ten times " what he was making from his job at IBM, he decided to turn Buttonware into a full-time business.

Due to the success of the IBM System / 360 in the USA, the economic planners decided to use the IBM design, although some prominent Soviet computer scientists had criticized the idea and suggested instead choosing one of the Soviet indigenous designs, such as БЭСМ or Minsk.

The last system was withdrawn in May 2001 without direct replacement when IBM decided to get out of the home market.

The SCO Group, through bankruptcy trustee Edward Cahn, has decided to continue the lawsuit against IBM for causing a decline in SCO revenues.

When IBM announced the IBM PC in 1981, other companies such as Compaq decided to offer clones of the PC as a legal reimplementation from the PC's documentation or reverse engineering.

Although his career in computing spanned more than two decades, he is mainly remembered in connection with IBM's unsuccessful attempt in 1980 to license CP / M for the IBM PC.

IBM approached Digital Research in 1980, at Bill Gates ' suggestion, to negotiate the purchase of a forthcoming version of CP / M called CP / M-86 for the IBM PC.

In 1980, after promising to deliver IBM a Disk Operating System ( DOS ) they had not yet developed for the Intel 8088-based IBM PC, Allen spearheaded a deal for Microsoft to purchase a Quick and Dirty Operating System ( QDOS ) written by Tim Paterson who, at the time, was employed at Seattle Computer Products.

Michael J. Flynn views the first RISC system as the IBM 801 design which began in 1975 by John Cocke, and completed in 1980.

Daisy wheel printers from Diablo and Lee's 1973 company Qume were the dominant high-end output technology for computer and office automation applications by 1980, though high speed non-impact techniques were already entering the market ( e. g. IBM 6640 inkjet, Xerox 2700 and IBM 6670 laser ).

IBM also became a customer in the mid 1980 ’ s and deployed CATIA in its engineering and manufacturing plants.

IBM first contacted Microsoft to look the company over in July 1980.

In 1980, subLOGIC released a version for the TRS-80, and in 1982 they licensed an IBM PC version with CGA graphics to Microsoft which was released as Microsoft Flight Simulator 1. 00.

In October 1980, IBM was developing what would become the original IBM Personal Computer.

dBase was originally published by Ashton-Tate for CP / M in 1980, and later on ported to the Apple II and IBM PC under DOS.

Until early 1980, the format had no " official " name ; however, the LaserVision Association, made up of MCA, Universal-Pioneer, IBM, and Philips / Magnavox, was formed to standardize the technical specifications of the format ( which had been causing problems for the consumer market ) and finally named the system officially as " LaserVision ".

In 1980, Iverson left IBM for I. P. Sharp Associates, a leading Canadian APL timesharing company, where he, among other things, participated in the further development of the APL programming language.

In 1980 Bradley was one of twelve engineers developing the first IBM Personal Computer.

In 1980, IBM executives failed to heed Ben Riggins ' strong suggestions that IBM should provide their own EBCDIC-based operating system and integrated-circuit microprocessor chip for use in the IBM Personal Computer as a CICS intelligent terminal ( instead of the incompatible Intel chip, and immature ASCII-based Microsoft 1980 DOS ).

Further use for his discoveries was realised by researchers at IBM who, by 1980, had assembled an experimental computer switch structure, which would permit switching speeds from 10 to 100 times faster than those possible with conventional silicon-based chips, vastly increasing data processing capabilities.

However, poor marketing and failure to repeat the technological advances of the first systems meant that the Amiga quickly lost its market share to competing platforms, such as the fourth generation game consoles, Apple Macintosh and IBM PC compatibles.

The first model looked like the later IBM PC ( which came on the market years later ), a rectangular base unit with two floppy drives on the front, and a monitor on top with a separate detachable keyboard.

In fact, IBM's share of the market at the time was so much larger than all of the others, that this group was often referred to as " IBM and the Seven Dwarfs.

The System / 360 architecture was so popular that it dominated the mainframe computer market for decades and left a legacy that is still continued by similar modern computers like the IBM zSeries.

By the late 1980s, the personal computer market had become dominated by the IBM PC and Apple Macintosh platforms.

By this point, both the IBM PC and Apple Macintosh had a much larger market share than the Amiga platform.

Compaq was able to market a legal IBM clone because IBM mostly used " off the shelf " parts for their PC.

An IBM-made 386 machine eventually reached the market seven months later, but by that time Compaq was the 386 supplier of choice and IBM had lost its image of technical leadership.

HP was also unable to compete effectively with IBM in the high-end server market.

By the mid-1990s, Compaq's price war had enabled it to overtake IBM and Apple, while other IBM PC Compatible manufacturers such as Packard Bell and AST were driven from the market.

Only Larry Ellison's Oracle started from a different chain, based on IBM's papers on System R, and beat IBM to market when the first version was released in 1978.

IBM continued to market OS / 2, producing later versions in OS / 2 3. 0 and 4. 0 ( also called Warp ).

Software to allow users to run " traditional " workloads on zIIPs and zAAPs was briefly marketed by Neon Enterprise Software as " zPrime " but was withdrawn from the market in 2011 after a lawsuit by IBM.

The 80286 provided built in memory protection mechanisms which had been almost exclusive to mainframes and minicomputers ( CPUs like the NS320xx and M68000 needed additional components in order to implement MMU functions ) and the large performance enhancements represented by the 80286 and many of its successors would pave the way for the x86 and the IBM PC architecture to extend from low performance personal computers all the way to high-end workstations and servers and even drive the market for other architectures.

IBM mainframes dominate the mainframe market at well over 90 % market share.

The last version of MultiMate was packaged with many of these add-on programs under the product name " MultiMate Advantage " to compete with other word processor software of the day, especially IBM DisplayWrite for DOS, which Multimate International developers saw as their main competition in the business market, and to a lesser extent WordPerfect, the DOS incarnation of Microsoft Word and the Samna word processor, which had its roots in another office word processing computer.

OS / 2 still maintains a small and dedicated community of followers, but overall, OS / 2 failed to catch on in the mass market and is little used outside certain niches where IBM traditionally had a stronghold.

SGI's competitors ( including Sun Microsystems, Hewlett-Packard and IBM ) were also able to bring to market 3D hardware, supported by extensions made to the PHIGS standard.

In addition, SGI had a large number of software customers ; by changing to the OpenGL API they planned to keep their customers locked onto SGI ( and IBM ) hardware for a few years while market support for OpenGL matured.

In the 1980s, the IBM PC and its clones largely took over the small computer market, and DEC was unable to counter this competition.

The term did not become widely known and used, however, until the early 1980s, essentially synonymous with the introduction of the IBM PC and numerous related hardware and software products to the consumer market.

IBM initially supported the Digitalk product, but then entered the market with a Smalltalk product in 1995 called VisualAge / Smalltalk.