Ibn Firnas may have tried to fly in the 8th century in Cordoba, Al-Andalus.

There are early legends of human flight such as the story of Icarus, and Jamshid in Persian myth, and later, somewhat more credible claims of short-distance human flights appear, such as the flying automaton of Archytas of Tarentum ( 428 – 347 BC ), the winged flights of Abbas Ibn Firnas ( 810 – 887 ), Eilmer of Malmesbury ( 11th century ), and the hot-air Passarola of Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmão ( 1685 – 1724 ).

* Abbas Ibn Firnas

Some of the earliest recorded attempts with gliders were those by the 9th-century poet Abbas Ibn Firnas and the 11th-century monk Eilmer of Malmesbury ; both experiments injured their pilots.

There are early legends of human flight such as the story of Icarus, and Jamshid in Persian myth, and later, somewhat more credible claims of short-distance human flights appear, such as the flying automaton of Archytas of Tarentum ( 428 – 347 BC ), the winged flights of Abbas Ibn Firnas ( 810 – 887 ), Eilmer of Malmesbury ( 11th century ), and the hot-air Passarola of Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmão ( 1685 – 1724 ).

According to Lynn Townsend White, Jr., the Andalusian inventor, Abbas Ibn Firnas ( 810-887 ), made the earliest attempt at creating " some sort of metronome.

Abbas Ibn Firnas ( d. 887 ) is thought to have produced another instrument with rings ( armillary sphere ) in 9th century which he gifted to Caliph Muhammad I ( ruled 852-886 ).

* Romeo, a lunar crater near Ibn Firnas

It lies to the southeast of the crater pair Ibn Firnas and King, and northwest of Gregory.

It was the hometown of the polymath Abbas Ibn Firnas ( 810 – 887 ), an inventor, engineer, aviator, physician, Arabic poet, and Andalusian musician.

# REDIRECT Abbas Ibn Firnas # Armen Firman

It forms a pair with Ibn Firnas, which is only slightly larger and is attached to the northeast rim of King.

# REDIRECT Ibn Firnas ( crater )

Abbas Ibn Firnas ( 810 – 887 A. D .), also known as Abbas Abu Al-Qasim Ibn Firnas Ibn Wirdas al-Takurini (), was a Muslim Andalusian polymath: an inventor, engineer, aviator, physician, Arabic poet, and Andalusian musician.

Ibn Firnas designed a water clock called Al-Maqata, devised a means of manufacturing colorless glass, invented various glass planispheres, made corrective lenses (" reading stones "), devised a chain of rings that could be used to simulate the motions of the planets and stars, and developed a process for cutting rock crystal that allowed Spain to cease exporting quartz to Egypt to be cut.

Al-Maqqari is said to have used in his history works " many early sources no longer extant ", but in case of Firnas the only one cited by him was a 9th century poem written by Mu ' min ibn Said, a court poet of Córdoba under Muhammad I ( d. 886 ), who was acquainted with and usually critical of Ibn Firnas.

It has been suggested that Ibn Firnas ' attempt at glider flight might have inspired the attempt by Eilmer of Malmesbury between 1000 and 1010 in England but there is no evidence supporting this hypothesis.

The crater Ibn Firnas on the Moon is named in his honor.

Armen Firman may be the Latinized name of Abbas Ibn Firnas, or, alternatively, he may have been the man who inspired Ibn Firnas.

But, again, we have no real evidence on this from that quarter until the close of the ninth century A.D., when an Arabic scholar, Tabit Ibn Korra ( 836-901 ) is said to have discussed the magic square of three.

Ibn al-Haytham is said to have pretended to be mad to escape the wrath of a ruler.

* Sirat al-shaykh al-ra ' is ( The Life of Ibn Sina ), ed.

Persian poetry from Ibn Sina is recorded in various manuscripts and later anthologies such as Nozhat al-Majales.

** This is a distinguished work which stands out from, and above, many of the books and articles which have ben written in this century on Avicenna ( Ibn Sīnā ) ( A. D. 980 – 1037 ).

** This German publication is both one of the most comprehensive general introductions to the life and works of the philosopher and physician Avicenna ( Ibn Sīnā, d. 1037 ) and an extensive and careful survey of his contribution to the history of science.

is: Ibn al-Haytham

The medieval exegete Abraham ibn Ezra believed that Job was translated from another language and it is therefore unclear " like all translated books " ( Ibn Ezra Job 2: 11 ).

For Avicenna ( Ibn Sina ), for example, the a tabula rasa is a pure potentiality that is actualized through education, and knowledge is attained through " empirical familiarity with objects in this world from which one abstracts universal concepts " developed through a " syllogistic method of reasoning in which observations lead to propositional statements which when compounded lead to further abstract concepts.

The historian Ibn Khaldun describes fiqh as " knowledge of the rules of God which concern the actions of persons who own themselves bound to obey the law respecting what is required ( wajib ), sinful ( haraam ), recommended ( mandūb ), disapproved ( makrūh ) or neutral ( mubah )".

One of the Arabic translations, ‘ Kitab ila Aglooqan fi Shifa al Amraz ’, which is extant in the Library of Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, is regarded as a masterpiece of Galen's literary works.

Classical hadith specialist Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani says that the intended meaning of hadith in religious tradition is something attributed to Muhammad but that is not found in the Quran.

Ibn al-Salah, a hadith specialist, described the relationship between hadith and other aspect of the religion by saying: " It is the science most pervasive in respect to the other sciences in their various branches, in particular to jurisprudence being the most important of them.

Ibn al-Salah's ʻUlum al-hadith is considered the standard classical reference on hadith studies.

While empirical investigations of the natural world have been described since classical antiquity ( for example, by Thales, Aristotle, and others ), and scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages ( for example, by Ibn al-Haytham, Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī and Roger Bacon ), the dawn of modern science is generally traced back to the early modern period, during what is known as the Scientific Revolution that took place in 16th and 17th century Europe.

* Ibn Taymiyyah, a Syrian Islamic jurist during the 13th and 14th centuries who is often quoted by contemporary Islamists.

Isaiah is mentioned as a prophet in Ibn kathir's Stories of the Prophets and the modern writers Muhammad Asad and Abdullah Yusuf Ali accepted Isaiah as a true Hebrew prophet, who preached to the Israelites following the death of King David.

Ibn Battuta is considered one of the greatest travellers of all time.

All that is known about Ibn Battuta's life comes from the autobiographical information included in the account of his travels.

Ibn Battuta also mentions visiting Sana ' a, but whether he actually did so is doubtful.

* c. 1350 – Ibn al-Shatir anticipates Copernicus by abandoning the equant of Ptolemy in his calculations of planetary motion, and he provides the first empirical model of lunar motion which accurately matches observations

In the 14th century, Ibn al-Shatir produced the first model of lunar motion which matched physical observations, and which was later used by Copernicus.

In the 14th century, Ibn al-Shatir produced the first model of lunar motion which matched physical observations, and which was later used by Copernicus.

Ibn Yunus described 40 planetary conjunctions and 30 lunar eclipses.

Ibn Battuta is a small lunar crater on the Mare Fecunditatis, a lunar mare in the eastern part of the Moon's near side.

es: Ibn Battuta ( cráter lunar )

Kant is a small lunar impact crater that is located to the northwest of the prominent crater Cyrillus and the comparably sized Ibn Rushd.

A series of observations of lunar and solar eclipses and planetary conjunctions, made by him from 853 to 866, was in fact used by Ibn Yunus.

Ibn Yunus is the remains of a flooded lunar crater.

Significant advances in lunar theory made by the Arab astronomer, Ibn al-Shatir ( 1304 – 1375 ).