August Wilhelm Ambros ( November 17, 1816 – June 28, 1876 ) was an Austrian composer and music historian of Czech descent.

He was the third of the four children of farmer Hugh Fleming ( 1816 – 1888 ) from his second marriage to Grace Stirling Morton ( 1848 – 1928 ), the daughter of a neighbouring farmer.

She was a daughter of Frederick William of Nassau-Weilburg ( 1768 – 1816 ) and his wife Burgravine Louise Isabelle of Kirchberg.

The survivors of the sinking of the French ship Méduse in 1816 resorted to cannibalism after four days adrift on a raft and their plight was made famous by Théodore Géricault's painting Raft of the Medusa.

Charlotte Brontë (; 21 April 1816 – 31 March 1855 ) was an English novelist and poet, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters who survived into adulthood, whose novels are English literature standards.

Charlotte was born in Thornton, Yorkshire in 1816, the third of six children, to Maria ( née Branwell ) and her husband Patrick Brontë ( formerly surnamed Brunty or Prunty ), an Irish Anglican clergyman.

In 1819, Dartmouth College was the subject of the historic Dartmouth College case, which challenged New Hampshire's 1816 attempt to amend the College's royal charter to make the school a public university.

was conferred upon Brewster by Marischal College, Aberdeen ; in 1815 he was made a member of the Royal Society of London, and received the Copley medal ; in 1818 he received the Rumford Medal of the society ; and in 1816 the French Institute awarded him one-half of the prize of three thousand francs for the two most important discoveries in physical science made in Europe during the two preceding years.

The first trial of a Davy lamp with a wire sieve was at Hebburn Colliery on 9 January 1816.

His father was Rufus King Bellamy ( 1816 – 1886 ), a Baptist minister and a descendant of Joseph Bellamy.

One of the leading German universities for many centuries, it fell upon hard times in the early 19th century, and was forced to close in 1816.

Poe attended the grammar school in Irvine, Scotland ( where John Allan was born ) for a short period in 1815, before rejoining the family in London in 1816.

The layout of the first ecological experiment, carried out in a grass garden at Woburn Abbey in 1816, was noted by Charles Darwin in The Origin of Species.

Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze ( May 24, 1816 – July 18, 1868 ) was a German American history painter best known for his painting Washington Crossing the Delaware.

He was one of the founders of the American Bible Society, and after 1816 served as its President.

William Gordon ( d. 1816 ), eldest son from the third marriage of the second Earl, was a General in the Army.

In 1816 the Løgting ( the Faroese parliament ) was officially abolished and replaced by a Danish judiciary.

Rossini's most famous opera was produced on 20 February 1816, at the Teatro Argentina in Rome.

Byron was also the host of the celebrated ghost-story competition involving himself, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Mary Shelley, and John William Polidori at the Villa Diodati on the banks of Lake Geneva in the summer of 1816.

In the 13th century, the term " hobyn " was used, meaning " small horse or pony ", and by 1816 the derivative, " hobby ", had been introduced into the vocabulary of an unknown number of English people.

The sons of Montgolfier obtained an English patent for an improved version in 1816, and this was acquired, together with Whitehurst's design, in 1820 by Josiah Easton, a Somerset-born engineer who had just moved to London.

Some degree of safety was provided by the safety lamp which was invented in 1816 by Sir Humphry Davy and independently by George Stephenson.

He was the son of Maria Magdalena ( née Vorfelder ) and Johann Jacob Astor ( July 7, 1724-April 18, 1816 ), a butcher.

Canova returned to Rome in the beginning of 1816, with the ransomed spoils of his country's genius.

* 1816 Map of the battlefield with initial dispositions by Willem Benjamin Craan

# On 6 January 1808, he married again to another first cousin, Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este ( 14 December 1787 – 7 April 1816 ) with no issue.

# On 29 October 1816, to Karoline Charlotte Auguste of Bavaria ( 8 February 1792 – 9 February 1873 ) with no issue.

The first paper from his years of study in Paris appeared in Frankfurt am Main in 1816, under the title of Über das Conjugationssystem der Sanskritsprache in Vergleichung mit jenem der griechischen, lateinischen, persischen und germanischen Sprache ( On the Conjugation System of Sanskrit in comparison with that of Greek, Latin, Persian and Germanic ) ( Windischmann contributed a preface ).

* Jacobi an Fichte, German Text ( 1799 / 1816 ), with Introduction and Critical Apparatus by Marco Ivaldo and Ariberto Acerbi ( Introduction, German Text, Italian Translation, 3 Appendices with Jacobi's and Fichte's complementary Texts, Philological Notes, Commentary, Bibliography, Index ): Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici-Press, Naples 2011, ISBN 978-88-905957-5-2.

Rail with half-lap joint, patented by Stevenson 1816

In 1816, Fresnel showed that Huygens ' principle, together with his own principle of interference could explain both the rectilinear propagation of light and also diffraction effects.

New engineered roads were built by John Metcalf, Thomas Telford and most notably John McAdam, with the first ' macadamised ' stretch of road being Marsh Road at Ashton Gate, Bristol in 1816.

In 1816, Congress passed another bill to charter a second national bank ; Madison signed the act, having learned the bank was needed from the war with Britain.

The work went through multiple editions, but the poem, as with his others published in 1816 and 1817, had poor sales as a result of hostile critics who went so far to attack Coleridge's integrity.

" Another July 1816 anonymous review, for the Anti-Jacobin, discussed the origin of the poem but dismissed the poem with lukewarm praise: " These have none of the wildness or deformity, of ' Christabel '; and though they are not marked by any striking beauties, they are not wholly discreditable to the author's talents.

William Roberts's review, for the August 1816 British Review, was more positive than previous analysis but with no detail about the work: " passing over the two other poems which are bound together with ' Christabel ', called ' The Fragment of Kubla Khan ', and ' The Pains of Sleep '; in which, however, there are some playful thoughts and fanciful imagery, which we would gladly have extracted if our room would have allowed it.

The wealthy African-American shipowner Paul Cuffee thought this was a worthwhile exercise, and with support from certain members of Congress and British officials conveyed 38 American Blacks to Freetown in 1816 at his own expense.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge's 1816 poem " Christabel " and the novella Carmilla ( 1872 ) by Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu both present lesbianism associated with vampirism.

The Nepali army evacuated the areas west of the Mahakali river and ultimately the treaty of Sugauli was signed with the British in 1816.

* Jacobi, Friedrich Heinrich, Jacobi an Fichte ( 1799 / 1816 ), German Text ( 1799 / 1816 ), Appendix with Jacobi's and Fichte's complementary Texts, critical Apparatus, Commentary, and Italian Translation, Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici, Naples 2011, ISBN 978-88-905957-5-2.

Working in conjunction with Louis Daguerre, they experimented with silver compounds based on a Johann Heinrich Schultz discovery in 1816 that a silver and chalk mixture darkens when exposed to light.

E. T. A. Hoffmann followed with his own original fantasy tales, of which " The Nutcracker and the Mouse King " ( 1816 ) is the most famous.