He was elected to the National Academy of Design as an Associate in the oil class in 1931 ( after receiving his first Ranger Fund Purchase Prize at the Academy in 1930 ), and elevated to Academicianship in 1940.

Berry, Brailsford and Daly in 1931 and Nakamura in 1958 reaffirmed this.

The first attempts to isolate TSH came a decade later, when Janssen and Loeser ( 1931 ) used trichloroacetic acid to separate the soluble TSH from insoluble impurities.

Albert ( 1949 ) has concluded that the most active preparations of TSH made during this period, from 1931 to 1945, were probably about 100 to 300 times as potent as the starting material.

Campbell studied the records of 172 school board members in twelve western cities over the period of 1931 - 40 and found `` little or no relationship between certain social and economic factors and school board competence '', as judged by a panel of professional educators who studied the voting records on educational issues.

In 1931 Mrs. F. H. Briggs, agent and chief operator, who was to retire in 1946 with thirty years' service, led agency offices in sales for the year with $2,490.

T. V. Barker, who developed the classification-angle system, was about to begin the systematic compilation of the index when he died in 1931.

In March, 1931, 22 out of 28 members of a committee of the Federal Council of Churches ratified artificial methods of birth control.

* In 1931, Bert Hinkler made the first solo non-stop transatlantic flight across the South Atlantic in an aircraft.

In 2001, Alfred Nobel's great-grandnephew, Peter Nobel ( b. 1931 ), asked the Bank of Sweden to differentiate its award to economists given " in Alfred Nobel's memory " from the five other awards.

Alfons Maria Jakob ( 2 July 1884, Aschaffenburg / Bavaria – 17 October 1931, Hamburg ) was a German neurologist with important contributions on neuropathology.

Therefore, pure antimony is not used to make hard objects: coins made of antimony were issued in China's Guizhou province in 1931, but because of their rapid wear, their minting was discontinued.

* Two People ( 1931 ) ( Inside jacket claims this is Milne's first attempt at a novel.

Michael and Mary was adapted to cinema in 1931.

According to a research report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Oran was decimated by the plague in 1556 and 1678, but outbreaks after European colonization, in 1921 ( 185 cases ), 1931 ( 76 cases ), and 1944 ( 95 cases ), were very far from the scale of the epidemic described in the novel.

Austin Trevor debuted the role of Poirot on screen in the 1931 British film Alibi.

* 1866 – Felix-Raymond-Marie Rouleau, Canadian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church ( d. 1931 )

* 1931 – Ivan Dixon, American actor and director ( d. 2008 )

* 1931 – Leonid Derbenyov, Russian poet and songwriter ( d. 1995 )

* 1931 – Sri Chinmoy, Bengali-American spiritual teacher, poet, and painter ( d. 2007 )

* 1931 – Chalmers Johnson, American scholar and author ( d. 2010 )

* 1931 – Eddie Fuller, South African cricketer ( d. 2008 )

* 1931 – Viliam Schrojf, Slovak footballer ( d. 2007 )

* 1958 – Peter Collins, English race car driver ( b. 1931 )

* Castellammarese War ( 1929 – 10 September 1931 ).

* Castellammarese War ( 1929 – September 10, 1931 )

By 1931, momentum had shifted to Maranzano and the Castellammarese faction.

By 1931, a series of killings in New York involving Castellammarese clan members and associates caused Maranzano and his family to declare war against Joe Masseria and his allies.

In 1931, after the killings of Masseria and Maranzano, Luciano created The Commission, which was supposed to avoid big conflicts like the Castellammarese War.

This rivalry eventually escalated into the Castellammarese War, which raged from 1928 to 1931 and resulted in 60 mobster deaths.

By 1931, a series of killings in Detroit, Chicago and New York involving Castellammarese clan members and associates caused Maranzano and his family to declare war against Joe Masseria and his allies.

These murders occurred on September 10, 1931 which marked the end of the Castellammarese War in New York City and in mafia parlance is known as the Night of the Sicilian Vespers.

With the end of the Castellammarese War in 1931, Reles ' and Maione's gangs developed into a network of contract killers that became known as Murder, Inc .. Albert Anastasia, a patron of Capone's restaurant, persuaded the two gang leaders that they could make a lot of money by working together for the Cosa Nostra.

In early 1931, the Castellammarese War broke out between Masseria and Maranzano.

The Castellammarese War ( 1929 – 1931 ) was a bloody power struggle for control of the Italian-American Mafia between partisans of Joe " The Boss " Masseria and those of Salvatore Maranzano.

Gallo initiated one of the bloodiest mob conflicts since the 1931 Castellammarese War and was murdered as a result of it.

* 1922 – 1931 — Giuseppe " Joe the Boss " Masseria — murdered in 1931 during the Castellammarese War.

On April 15, 1931, Joe Masseria was murdered in a Brooklyn restaurant and the Castellammarese War was over.

They were formally organized in the summer of 1931 by Salvatore Maranzano after the April 15, 1931, murder of Giuseppe Masseria, in what has become known as the Castellammarese War.

Yet there were a few recruits, such as Clement Davies, who had deserted to the National Liberals in 1931 but now returned to the party during the World War II and who would lead it after the war.

* Gordon, David M. The China-Japan War, 1931 – 1945.

* Dartmoor prison plays a central role in The Lively Lady, American author Kenneth Roberts ' 1931 historical novel taking place during The War of 1812

There were also enormous war reparations to be paid over a period of 70 years, although they ended in 1931 ( but were resumed after World War II ).

The reign of Alfonso XIII ( 1886 – 1931 ) saw the Spanish-American War of 1898, culminating in the loss of the Philippines plus Spain's last colonies in the Americas, Cuba and Puerto Rico ; the " Great War " in Europe ( now known as World War I, 1914 – 1918 ), although Spain maintained neutrality throughout the conflict ; the influenza pandemic nicknamed the Spanish Flu ( 1918 – 1919 ); and the Rif War in Morocco ( 1920 – 1926 ).

While emigration began to tail off in England and Wales after the First World War, it continued apace in Scotland, with 400, 000 Scots, ten per cent of the population, estimated to have left the country between 1921 and 1931.

Alexander then held staff appointments as ( from January 1931 ) GSO2 in the Directorate of Military Training at the War Office and ( 1932-4 ) GSO1 at HQ Northern Command, York, before being made in October 1934 a temporary brigadier and given command of the Nowshera Brigade, on the Northwest Frontier in India.

Sartre served as a conscript in the French Army from 1929 to 1931 and he later argued in 1959 that each French person was responsible for the collective crimes during the Algerian War of Independence.

After the First World War, silver and gold issues were ceased and cupro-nickel 25 and 50 penniä and 1 markka coins were introduced in 1921, followed by aluminium-bronze 5, 10 and 20 markkaa between 1928 and 1931.

Maginot was another veteran of World War I, who became the French Minister of Veteran Affairs and then Minister of War ( 1928 – 1931 ).

Buckland summarizes the very advanced pre-World War II development of microfilm-based rapid retrieval devices, specifically the microfilm-based workstation proposed by Leonard Townsend in 1938 and the microfilm and photoelectronic based selector, patented by Emanuel Goldberg during 1931.

It is not necessary for them to be a party leader ; David Lloyd George was leader of no party as prime minister during World War I, and neither was Ramsay MacDonald from 1931 to 1935.

In 1931, at the depth of the Great Depression, the Pepsi-Cola Company entered bankruptcy – in large part due to financial losses incurred by speculating on wildly fluctuating sugar prices as a result of World War I.

In 1931, the Second Spanish Republic ( 1931 – 1939 ) turned into a civil war would be the prelude of World War II.

Prior to World War II, 12-cylinder engines were found in many luxury models, including cars from: Packard 1916 to 1923, Daimler 1926 to 1937, Hispano-Suiza 1931, Cadillac 1931, Auburn 1932, Franklin 1932, Lincoln 1932, Rolls-Royce 1936, and Pierce-Arrow also 1936.

* Casualties and Medical Statistics published in 1931. was the final volume of the Official Medical History of the War, gives British Empire Army losses by cause of death.

France The total includes 1, 186, 000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds The figure for total military dead of 1, 397, 800 is from a study published by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in 1931 The total includes 71, 100 French Colonial Forces, 4, 600 foreign nationals, and 28, 600 war-related military deaths occurring from 11 / 11 / 18 to 6 / 1 / 1919 The UK War Office in 1922 estimated French losses as 1, 385, 300 dead and missing, including 58, 000 colonial soldiers The U. S. War Department in 1924 estimated 1, 357, 800 killed and died The names of the soldiers who died for France during World War I are listed on-line by the French government.