Of the handful of painters that Austria has produced in the 20th century, only one, Oskar Kokoschka, is widely known in the U.S..

Austrian German (), or Austrian Standard German, is the national standard variety of the German language spoken in Austria and in the autonomous Province of South Tyrol ( Italy ).

Also, the preterite ( simple past ) is very rarely used in Austria, especially in the spoken language, except for some modal verbs ( ich sollte, ich wollte ).

Viennese, the Austro-Bavarian dialect of Vienna, is most frequently used in Germany for impersonations of the typical inhabitant of Austria.

The people of Graz, the capital of Styria, speak yet another dialect which is not very Styrian and more easily understood by people from other parts of Austria than other Styrian dialects, for example from western Styria.

Also, in " The Erymanthian Boar ", a character is said to have been turned out of Austria by the Nazis, implying that the events of The Labours of Hercules took place after 1937.

Another recent example is the 60 Years of the Second Republic commemorative coin issued by Austria in 2005.

The largest opencast amethyst vein in the world is in Maissau, Lower Austria.

Edzard Ernst has said that in Austria and Germany complementary and alternative medicine is mainly in the hands of physicians, while some estimates suggest that at least half of American alternative practitioners are physicians.

On 4 March 2008, in announcing a partnership with Magna Steyr to outsource manufacture of over 2, 000 cars annually at Graz, Austria, the company stated " The continuing growth and success of the company is based upon Gaydon as the focal point and heart of the business, with the design and engineering of all Aston Martin products continuing to be carried out there.

His sacral masterpiece and one of the most famous religious works of art of the later Middle Ages is The Legend of St. Sebastian and The Passion of Christ of the so called Sebastian Altar in St. Florian's Priory ( Stift Sankt Florian ) near Linz, Upper Austria.

In Austria, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian nationalist insurgents ( The Black Hand ) is blamed for igniting World War I after a succession of minor conflicts, while belligerents on both sides in World War II used operatives specifically trained for assassination.

Brooks is Jewish ; his grandparents emigrated from Austria and Russia.

It is commonly referred to as the Archduke Trio, because it was dedicated to Archduke Rudolph of Austria, an amateur pianist who was a friend and composition student of Beethoven.

Later on, they attacked the city of Noreia ( in modern Austria ) shortly before a group of Boii ( 32, 000 according to Julius Caesar-the number is probably an exaggeration ) joined the Helvetii in their attempt to settle in western Gaul.

In the Netherlands, Latvia, Lithuania, Austria, Germany, Scandinavia, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland and Catalonia, 26 December is celebrated as the Second Christmas Day.

The Austrian census is run by the statistics of Austria.

Christopher Wolfgang Alexander ( born October 4, 1936 in Vienna, Austria ) is a registered architect noted for his theories about design, and for more than 200 building projects in California, Japan, Mexico and around the world.

* 1192 – Richard the Lion-Heart is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England after signing a treaty with Saladin ending the Third crusade.

In Austria, the title " Doktor " is granted to physicians and dentists ( Dr. med.

In parts of Austria, Bavaria and German-speaking Switzerland it is called Ostereiertitschen or Eierpecken.

Belief that the citizen's country has benefited from EU membership is lowest ( below 50 %) in the UK, Hungary, Latvia, Italy, Austria, Sweden and Bulgaria.

The HP Discover 2011 event in EMEA is slated to take place in Vienna, Austria, at the Reed Exhibitions, Messe Wien Congress Center, on November 29 through December 1, 2011.

Then he announced to the world: " The independence of Austria, for which he has fallen, is a principle that has been defended and will be defended by Italy even more strenuously ", and then replaced in the main square of Bolzano the statue of Walther von der Vogelweide, a Germanic troubadour, with that of Drusus, a Roman general who conquered part of Germany.

Various types of hammered dulcimers are traditionally played in India, Iran, Southwest Asia, China, and parts of Southeast Asia, Central Europe ( Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Poland, Czech Republic, Switzerland ( particularly Appenzell ), Austria and Bavaria ), the Balkans, Eastern Europe ( Ukraine and Belarus ) and Scandinavia.

* In Austria, the members of the Imperial family, due to their status as also members of the royal family of the Apostolic kingdom of Hungary, held the style of Imperial and Royal Highness ( HI & RH ), but actually traditionally the other way around: " königliche und kaiserliche Hoheit ".

In most parts of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, presents are traditionally exchanged in the evening of December 24.

One of the oldest wine estates in Central Europe, the Lilienfelderhof ( Lilienfelder Hof ) in Pfaffstätten, 30 km south of Vienna, Austria, traces its history to an endowment made by the Babenberger Leopold VI, Duke of Austria (“ the Glorious ”) to the Cistercian monks at Lilienfeld Abbey in 1202, though the property as such ( as opposed to the endowment ) is traditionally dated to 1209.

Thus, for example, the portfolio of Minister for Labour and Social Relations was nearly always held by a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria ( SPÖ ), while the conservative Austrian People's Party ( ÖVP ), with traditionally strong support from farmers, took the Ministry which controlled agriculture and forestry.

Together they may be classed as North Slavic, especially when discussed in relation to the South Slavic dialects from whom the speakers are traditionally separated owing to the heavy concentration of the principal non-Slavic populations of Romania, Hungary and Austria.

In the Autumn season many restaurants in Austria traditionally offer game on their menu along with seasonal vegetables and fruits like pumpkins from Styria.

While most of the foreign fans are from Germany and Austria, the Hungaroring has traditionally seen a large influx of Finnish fans as well.

They were gradually absorbed into the line infantry becoming a hybrid type that proved successful against the French, to the extent that Napoleon recruited several units of Austrian army Grenzer to his own army after victory over Austria in 1809 compelled the Austrians to cede territories from which they were traditionally recruited from.

The Gamsbart ( literally chamois beard, plural Gamsbärte ) is a tuft of hair traditionally worn as a decoration on trachten-hats in the alpine regions of Austria and Bavaria.

In recognition of the imperial position traditionally held by the Habsburgs, the emperors of Austria became the titular presidents of this parliament.

Kaiser rolls are traditionally found in Austria, but have also become popular in other countries, such as the United States, Poland, Canada, Slovenia ( known as kajzerica ), Croatia, Italy, and Germany.

The Greater German People's Party represented the Austrian Third Camp (" Drittes Lager ") which traditionally has embraced pan-German nationalists and national liberals ( in Austria " German-Liberals ").

Spezial is a stronger style of pale lager, mostly brewed in Southern Germany, but also found in Austria and Switzerland.

Altbier is also brewed in small quantities in Austria, Switzerland and the United States.

Of the major powers, only Britain and Austria remained at war with France.

), the first Emperor of Austria ( Kaiser von Österreich ), ruling from 1804 to 1835, so later he was named the one and only Doppelkaiser ( double emperor ) in history.

Isabella's only son, Juan, married Margaret of Austria, further maintaining ties with the Habsburg dynasty.

Its boundaries are now often limited only to its southern, smaller part controlled throughout the 19th century by Austria as western Galicia.

Under Mary's marriage treaty with Philip, the official joint style reflected not only Mary's but also Philip's dominions and claims: " Philip and Mary, by the grace of God, King and Queen of England, France, Naples, Jerusalem, and Ireland, Defenders of the Faith, Princes of Spain and Sicily, Archdukes of Austria, Dukes of Milan, Burgundy and Brabant, Counts of Habsburg, Flanders and Tyrol ".

In 1886 Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, only son of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria and heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, acquired the manor and transformed it into a hunting lodge.

A holiday in Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Croatia, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta ( for schools only ), Mauritius, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.

In October 1920, the majority of the population of southern Carinthia voted to remain in Austria, and only a small portion of the province ( around Dravograd and Guštanj ) was awarded to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Austria disputes Slovenia's official position of being the successor-state of Yugoslavia as a co-signer of the Austrian State Treaty ; this however remains only a difference in opinions, since no legal action has been taken by any of the two governments.

* August 28 – Josef Fritzl drugs and incarcerates his daughter Elisabeth in a secret cellar, in Amstetten, Austria ; she was released only after 24 years of sexual abuse and mental ordeal.

* c. 3300 BC — Ötzi the Iceman dies near the present-day border between Austria and Italy, only to be discovered in 1991 buried in a glacier of the Ötztal Alps.

However, after Leopold's death in 1326, Frederick withdrew from the regency of the Empire and returned to rule only Austria.

By his second wife, Barbara of Celje, he left an only daughter, Elisabeth of Luxembourg, who was married to Albert V, duke of Austria ( later German king as Albert II ) whom Sigismund named as his successor.

For the first time, the Green Party of Austria became the third largest party in a nation-wide election, overtaking the FPÖ by a narrow margin of only a few hundred votes.

His heir general was Gertrude of Austria, the only child of his late elder brother, Henry of Austria by that man's wife, Agnes of Thuringia.

However, at Court the match was not so popular among the elder members of court due to the long-standing tensions between Austria and France, which had only recently been mollified.

She lost her only son, Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, when he committed murder-suicide in The Mayerling Incident of 1889.

England abolished torture in about 1640 ( except peine forte et dure, which England only abolished in 1772 ), Scotland in 1708, Prussia in 1740, Denmark around 1770, Russia in 1774, Austria and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1776, Italy

Thus, it is not surprising that people left Alsace, not only for Paris – where the Alsatian community grew in numbers, with famous members such as Baron Haussmann – but also for more distant places like Russia and the Austrian Empire, to take advantage of the new opportunities offered there: Austria had conquered lands in Eastern Europe from the Ottoman Empire and offered generous terms to colonists as a way of consolidating its hold on the new territories.

The Emperor, who spent his entire reign securing the Pragmatic Sanction, left Austria in an impoverished state, bankrupted by the recent Turkish war and the War of the Polish Succession ; the treasury contained only 100, 000 florins, which were claimed by his widow.

The royal couple undertook a six-month tour taking in Austria, Egypt and Greece over 1868 and 1869, which included visits to her brother King George I of Greece, to the Crimean battlefields and ( for her only ) to the harem of the Khedive Ismail.