First was the period of codification of existing law: the Code Napoleon in France and the peculiar codification that, in fact, resulted from Austin's restatement and ordering of the Common Law in England.

* 1802 – Napoleon Bonaparte signs a general amnesty to allow all but about one thousand of the most notorious émigrés of the French Revolution to return to France, as part of a reconciliary gesture with the factions of the Ancien Regime and to eventually consolidate his own rule.

* 1799 – Napoleon leaves Egypt for France en route to seizing power.

* 1809 – The second day of the Battle of Eckmühl: the Austrian army is defeated by the First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France and driven over the Danube in Regensburg.

* 1809 – Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four day campaign that ended in a French victory.

* 1809 – Two Austrian army corps are driven from Landshut by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France as two French corps to the north hold off the main Austrian army on the first day of the Battle of Eckmühl.

In 1869, Abdülaziz received visits from Eugénie de Montijo, Empress consort of Napoleon III of France and other foreign monarchs on their way to the opening of the Suez Canal.

( Musseli told friends she had not wanted to sell her home, but that Lerner urged her to cut her ties with her native city and that she entrusted Lerner with the proceeds of the sale, for investment in the U. S .) The daughter of a World War One French war hero and herself an unsung heroine of the Resistance, whose Corsican forebears were intimates of Napoleon Bonaparte, she later made Lerner the gift of a chateau in France after he declared to her that he wanted a French rural retreat where he could write.

Baron Haussmann, a long-time prefect of Bordeaux, used Bordeaux's 18th century big-scale rebuilding as a model when he was asked by Emperor Napoleon III to transform a then still quasi-medieval Paris into a " modern " capital that would make France proud.

Following Napoleon Bonaparte's victories over the Austrian Empire in Northern Italy – helping to secure France victory in the War of the First Coalition in 1797 – Great Britain remained the only major European power still at war with the French Republic.

The Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington | Duke of Wellington's and Field Marshal von Blücher's triumph over Napoleon I of France | Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Waterloo

The House of Bonaparte is an imperial and royal European dynasty founded by Napoleon I of France in 1804, a French military leader who rose to notability out of the French Revolution and transformed the French Republic into the First French Empire within five years of his coup d ' état.

Between the years 1852 and 1870 there was a Second French Empire, again a member of the Bonaparte dynasty would rule ; Napoleon III of France the son of Louis Bonaparte.

Following his conquest of most of Western Europe, the first Napoleon made his elder brother Joseph ( 1768 – 1844 ) king first of Naples ( 1806 – 1808 ) and then of Spain ( 1808 – 1813 ), his third brother Louis ( 1778 – 1846 ) king of Holland ( 1806 – 1810 ) ( subsequently forcing his abdication after his failure to subordinate Dutch interests to those of France ) and his youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte ( 1784 – 1860 ) king of Westphalia, the short-lived realm created from some of the states of northwestern Germany ( 1807 – 1813 ).

In France the usage of centime goes back to the introduction of the decimal monetary system under Napoleon.

A portrait of the three Consuls ,< span lang =" fr "> Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès </ span >, < span lang =" fr "> Napoleon I of France | Napoleon Bonaparte </ span > and < span lang =" fr "> Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance | Charles-François Lebrun </ span > ( left to right )

When Danican's poorly trained men attacked, on 13 Vendémiaire, 1795 — October 5, 1795, in the calendar used in France, at the time — Napoleon ordered his cannon to fire grapeshot into the mob, an act that became known as the " whiff of grapeshot ".

The French Revolution also disrupted this system, as the revolutionary State and Napoleon imprisoned a number of diplomats accused of working against France.

Italy | Italian physicist Alessandro Volta showing his " Battery ( electricity ) | battery " to France | French emperor Napoleon I of France | Napoleon Bonaparte in the early 19th century.

On 26 February 1815, Napoleon abandoned Elba for France, reviving the French Empire for a Hundred Days ; the Allies declared an end to Napoleon's sovereignty over Elba on 25 March 1815, and on 31 March 1815 Elba was ceded to the restored Grand Duchy of Tuscany by the Congress of Vienna.

* 1245 – Philip III of France ( d. 1285 )

* 881 – Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu: Louis III of France defeats the Vikings, an event celebrated in the poem Ludwigslied.

Ahmed III cultivated good relations with France, doubtless in view of Russia's menacing attitude-in fact, both his wives were Frenchwomen.

During that time he took a great part in the campaigns and negotiations which led to the Treaty of Paris in 1259, under which King Henry III of England recognized his loss of continental territory to France ( including Normandy, Maine, Anjou, and Poitou ) in exchange for France withdrawing support from English rebels.

A dismissive allusion in the text to the " wealth of Hungary " has suggested the hypothesis that it was written after 1184, at the time when Bela III of Hungary had sent to the French court a statement of his income and had proposed marriage to Marie's sister Marguerite of France, but before 1186, when his proposal was accepted.

Following the Glorious Revolution, the line of succession to the English throne was governed by the Bill of Rights 1689, which declared that the flight of James II from England to France during the revolution amounted to an abdication of the throne and that James ' son-in-law, ( and nephew ) William of Orange, and his wife, James ' daughter, Mary, were James ' successors, who ruled jointly as William III and Mary II.

John XXIII was acknowledged as pope by France, England, Bohemia, Prussia, Portugal, parts of the Holy Roman Empire, and numerous Northern Italian city states, including Florence and Venice ; however, the Avignon Pope Benedict XIII was regarded as pope by the Kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, and Scotland and Gregory XII was still favored by Ladislaus of Naples, Carlo I Malatesta, the princes of Bavaria, Louis III, Elector Palatine, and parts of Germany and Poland.

* 1578 – Duel of the Mignons claims the lives of two favourites of Henry III of France and two favorites of Henry I, Duke of Guise.

He taught at Paris in the academic year 1232-33, but was appointed to a delegation by Henry III of England in 1235, along with Simon Langton and Fulk Basset, to negotiate for the renewal of the peace between England and France.

Assassination of King Henry III of France

On 8 August 1356, the eldest son of King Edward III of England, crowned as the Prince of Wales but now known as Edward, the Black Prince, began a great chevauchée, conducting many scorched earth raids northwards from the English base in Aquitaine, in an effort to bolster his troops in central France, as well as to raid and ravage the countryside.

After the murder in that year of Henry III of France, Pope Sixtus V sent Enrico Caetani as legate to Paris to negotiate with the Catholic League of France, and chose Bellarmine to accompany him as theologian.

Charles Louis Napoléon ( 1808 – 1873 ), son of Louis Napoléon, was president of France in 1848 – 1852 and emperor in 1852 – 1870, reigning as Napoléon III ; his son, Eugène Bonaparte ( 1856 – 1879 ), styled the Prince Imperial, died fighting the Zulus in Natal, South Africa.

France insisted on its ownership of Clipperton, and a lengthy diplomatic correspondence between the two nations led to the conclusion of a treaty on March 2, 1909, to seek the arbitration of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, with each nation promising to abide by that monarch's final determination.

Isabella of France, sister of Charles IV, claimed the throne for her son, Edward III of England.

* then to Henry III of Navarre, who became Henry IV of France, of the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty.

In 1255, Louis IX of France gave an elephant to Henry III of England for his menagerie in the Tower of London.

Cesare's career was founded upon his father's ability to distribute patronage, along with his alliance with France ( reinforced by his marriage with Charlotte d ' Albret, sister of John III of Navarre ), in the course of the Italian Wars.

The Order of Preachers (), after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Roman Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III ( 1216 – 27 ) on 22 December 1216 in France.

Rulers with identical names are organised first alphabetically by country and then by chronology ; thus, Charles III of France precedes Charles I of England, listed in Britannica as the ruler of Great Britain and Ireland.

At the same time, he established centers and laboratories within France to provide an institutional context within anthropology, while training influential students such as Maurice Godelier and Françoise Héritier.

In recognition of his contribution to the creation of modern electrical science, an international convention signed in 1881 established the ampere as a standard unit of electrical measurement, along with the coulomb, volt, ohm, and watt, which are named, respectively, after Ampère ’ s contemporaries Charles-Augustin de Coulomb of France, Alessandro Volta of Italy, Georg Ohm of Germany, and James Watt of Scotland.

He founded the Carnegie Hero Fund for the United States and Canada in 1904 ( a few years later also established in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Norway, Sweden, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, and Germany ) for the recognition of deeds of heroism.

It was designed to compete in the mid-1980s home computer market dominated by the Commodore 64 and the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, where it successfully established itself primarily in the United Kingdom, France, Spain, and the German-speaking parts of Europe.

The International Badminton Federation ( IBF ) ( now known as Badminton World Federation ) was established in 1934 with Canada, Denmark, England, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland, and Wales as its founding members.

: According to the BIS, " The choice of Switzerland for the seat of the BIS was a compromise by those countries that established the BIS: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.

Good examples are the cities established by various rulers in the south of France and city expansions in old Dutch and Flemish cities.

The Royal Cambodian Government ( RGC ) has established diplomatic relations with most countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, as well as all of its Asian neighbors, to include the People's Republic of China, India, Vietnam, Laos, South Korea, North Korea, and Thailand.

Major established companies that fly to Croatia include the domestic Croatia Airlines ( member of the Star Alliance ), Air France, Lufthansa and British Airways.

In 1886 Said Ali bin Said Omar, Sultan of Bambao, signed an agreement with the French government that allowed France to establish a protectorate over the entire island of Ngazidja ( Grande Comore ; protectorates were also established over Ndzwani ( Anjouan ), and Mwali ( Mohéli island in French ) the same year.

Comoros broke all ties with France and established itself as an independent republic.

Universities were established in France, Italy and England by the early 13th century.

The European colonial period was the era from the 1500s to, arguably, the 1900s when several European powers ( particularly, but not exclusively, Spain, Portugal, Britain, the Netherlands and France ) established colonies in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Universal male suffrage was definitely established in France in March 1848 in the wake of the French Revolution of 1848.

In 1727 the first French commander, M. Le Grand, took charge of the island and established a rudimentary government thus making Dominica formally a colony of France.

France established direct control in 1640, reorganizing it into an official colony and expanding to the north coast of Hispaniola itself, whose western end Spain ceded to France in 1697 under the Treaty of Ryswick.

Some of the new king's policies, however, led to conflict with France, thus damaging prosperous trade relationships for Defoe, who had established himself as a merchant.

France conquered Dahomey in the Second Franco-Dahomean War ( 1892 – 1894 ), and established a colonial government.

1648 ; i. e. after the Thirty Years ' War, in France and the French colonial empire, until established as the national language during the French Revolution of 1789 and subsequently multinational in all nations in or formerly in the various French Empires.

France established a colony at Port St. Louis, on East Falkland's Berkeley Sound coast in 1764.

In 1766, France agreed to leave, and Spain agreed to reimburse Louis de Bougainville, who had established a settlement at his own expense.

The significance of the film's message was established further in France, shortly after World War II began.

The 1st Foreign Parachute Regiment ( 1 < sup > e </ sup > Régiment Étranger Parachutiste, 1 < sup > e </ sup > REP ) was established in 1955 during the Algerian War and disbanded in April 1961 as the entire regiment rose against the French government of Charles de Gaulle ( Algiers Putsch ), in protest against moves to negotiate an end to the Algerian War and providing Algeria's independence from France.

After he discovered that France was not self-sufficient in gunpowder, a Gunpowder Administration was established ; to head it, the lawyer Antoine Lavoisier was appointed.